jdk8-mips64-public/hotspot: src/cpu/sparc/vm/assembler

src/cpu/sparc/vm/assembler_sparc.hpp@d1605aabd0a1 (annotated)

src/cpu/sparc/vm/assembler_sparc.hpp

Wed, 02 Jul 2008 12:55:16 -0700

author: xdono
date: Wed, 02 Jul 2008 12:55:16 -0700
changeset 631: d1605aabd0a1
parent 602: feeb96a45707
child 791: 1ee8caae33af
permissions: -rw-r--r--

6719955: Update copyright year
Summary: Update copyright year for files that have been modified in 2008
Reviewed-by: ohair, tbell

 /*
  * Copyright 1997-2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  *
  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  * accompanied this code).
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  *
  * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
  * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
  * have any questions.
  *
  */
 class BiasedLockingCounters;
 // <sys/trap.h> promises that the system will not use traps 16-31
 #define ST_RESERVED_FOR_USER_0 0x10
 /* Written: David Ungar 4/19/97 */
 // Contains all the definitions needed for sparc assembly code generation.
 // Register aliases for parts of the system:
 // 64 bit values can be kept in g1-g5, o1-o5 and o7 and all 64 bits are safe
 // across context switches in V8+ ABI.  Of course, there are no 64 bit regs
 // in V8 ABI. All 64 bits are preserved in V9 ABI for all registers.
 // g2-g4 are scratch registers called "application globals".  Their
 // meaning is reserved to the "compilation system"--which means us!
 // They are are not supposed to be touched by ordinary C code, although
 // highly-optimized C code might steal them for temps.  They are safe
 // across thread switches, and the ABI requires that they be safe
 // across function calls.
 //
 // g1 and g3 are touched by more modules.  V8 allows g1 to be clobbered
 // across func calls, and V8+ also allows g5 to be clobbered across
 // func calls.  Also, g1 and g5 can get touched while doing shared
 // library loading.
 //
 // We must not touch g7 (it is the thread-self register) and g6 is
 // reserved for certain tools.  g0, of course, is always zero.
 //
 // (Sources:  SunSoft Compilers Group, thread library engineers.)
 // %%%% The interpreter should be revisited to reduce global scratch regs.
 // This global always holds the current JavaThread pointer:
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, G2_thread , G2);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, G6_heapbase , G6);
 // The following globals are part of the Java calling convention:
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, G5_method             , G5);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, G5_megamorphic_method , G5_method);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, G5_inline_cache_reg   , G5_method);
 // The following globals are used for the new C1 & interpreter calling convention:
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Gargs        , G4); // pointing to the last argument
 // This local is used to preserve G2_thread in the interpreter and in stubs:
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, L7_thread_cache , L7);
 // These globals are used as scratch registers in the interpreter:
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Gframe_size   , G1); // SAME REG as G1_scratch
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, G1_scratch    , G1); // also SAME
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, G3_scratch    , G3);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, G4_scratch    , G4);
 // These globals are used as short-lived scratch registers in the compiler:
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Gtemp  , G5);
 // The compiler requires that G5_megamorphic_method is G5_inline_cache_klass,
 // because a single patchable "set" instruction (NativeMovConstReg,
 // or NativeMovConstPatching for compiler1) instruction
 // serves to set up either quantity, depending on whether the compiled
 // call site is an inline cache or is megamorphic.  See the function
 // CompiledIC::set_to_megamorphic.
 //
 // On the other hand, G5_inline_cache_klass must differ from G5_method,
 // because both registers are needed for an inline cache that calls
 // an interpreted method.
 //
 // Note that G5_method is only the method-self for the interpreter,
 // and is logically unrelated to G5_megamorphic_method.
 //
 // Invariants on G2_thread (the JavaThread pointer):
 //  - it should not be used for any other purpose anywhere
 //  - it must be re-initialized by StubRoutines::call_stub()
 //  - it must be preserved around every use of call_VM
 // We can consider using g2/g3/g4 to cache more values than the
 // JavaThread, such as the card-marking base or perhaps pointers into
 // Eden.  It's something of a waste to use them as scratch temporaries,
 // since they are not supposed to be volatile.  (Of course, if we find
 // that Java doesn't benefit from application globals, then we can just
 // use them as ordinary temporaries.)
 //
 // Since g1 and g5 (and/or g6) are the volatile (caller-save) registers,
 // it makes sense to use them routinely for procedure linkage,
 // whenever the On registers are not applicable.  Examples:  G5_method,
 // G5_inline_cache_klass, and a double handful of miscellaneous compiler
 // stubs.  This means that compiler stubs, etc., should be kept to a
 // maximum of two or three G-register arguments.
 // stub frames
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Lentry_args      , L0); // pointer to args passed to callee (interpreter) not stub itself
 // Interpreter frames
 #ifdef CC_INTERP
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Lstate           , L0); // interpreter state object pointer
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, L1_scratch       , L1); // scratch
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Lmirror          , L1); // mirror (for native methods only)
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, L2_scratch       , L2);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, L3_scratch       , L3);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, L4_scratch       , L4);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Lscratch         , L5); // C1 uses
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Lscratch2        , L6); // C1 uses
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, L7_scratch       , L7); // constant pool cache
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, O5_savedSP       , O5);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, I5_savedSP       , I5); // Saved SP before bumping for locals.  This is simply
                                                        // a copy SP, so in 64-bit it's a biased value.  The bias
                                                        // is added and removed as needed in the frame code.
 // Interface to signature handler
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Llocals          , L7); // pointer to locals for signature handler
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Lmethod          , L6); // methodOop when calling signature handler
 #else
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Lesp             , L0); // expression stack pointer
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Lbcp             , L1); // pointer to next bytecode
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Lmethod          , L2);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Llocals          , L3);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Largs            , L3); // pointer to locals for signature handler
                                                        // must match Llocals in asm interpreter
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Lmonitors        , L4);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Lbyte_code       , L5);
 // When calling out from the interpreter we record SP so that we can remove any extra stack
 // space allocated during adapter transitions. This register is only live from the point
 // of the call until we return.
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Llast_SP         , L5);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Lscratch         , L5);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Lscratch2        , L6);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, LcpoolCache      , L6); // constant pool cache
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, O5_savedSP       , O5);
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, I5_savedSP       , I5); // Saved SP before bumping for locals.  This is simply
                                                        // a copy SP, so in 64-bit it's a biased value.  The bias
                                                        // is added and removed as needed in the frame code.
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, IdispatchTables  , I4); // Base address of the bytecode dispatch tables
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, IdispatchAddress , I3); // Register which saves the dispatch address for each bytecode
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, ImethodDataPtr   , I2); // Pointer to the current method data
 #endif /* CC_INTERP */
 // NOTE: Lscratch2 and LcpoolCache point to the same registers in
 //       the interpreter code. If Lscratch2 needs to be used for some
 //       purpose than LcpoolCache should be restore after that for
 //       the interpreter to work right
 // (These assignments must be compatible with L7_thread_cache; see above.)
 // Since Lbcp points into the middle of the method object,
 // it is temporarily converted into a "bcx" during GC.
 // Exception processing
 // These registers are passed into exception handlers.
 // All exception handlers require the exception object being thrown.
 // In addition, an nmethod's exception handler must be passed
 // the address of the call site within the nmethod, to allow
 // proper selection of the applicable catch block.
 // (Interpreter frames use their own bcp() for this purpose.)
 //
 // The Oissuing_pc value is not always needed.  When jumping to a
 // handler that is known to be interpreted, the Oissuing_pc value can be
 // omitted.  An actual catch block in compiled code receives (from its
 // nmethod's exception handler) the thrown exception in the Oexception,
 // but it doesn't need the Oissuing_pc.
 //
 // If an exception handler (either interpreted or compiled)
 // discovers there is no applicable catch block, it updates
 // the Oissuing_pc to the continuation PC of its own caller,
 // pops back to that caller's stack frame, and executes that
 // caller's exception handler.  Obviously, this process will
 // iterate until the control stack is popped back to a method
 // containing an applicable catch block.  A key invariant is
 // that the Oissuing_pc value is always a value local to
 // the method whose exception handler is currently executing.
 //
 // Note:  The issuing PC value is __not__ a raw return address (I7 value).
 // It is a "return pc", the address __following__ the call.
 // Raw return addresses are converted to issuing PCs by frame::pc(),
 // or by stubs.  Issuing PCs can be used directly with PC range tables.
 //
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Oexception  , O0); // exception being thrown
 REGISTER_DECLARATION(Register, Oissuing_pc , O1); // where the exception is coming from
 // These must occur after the declarations above
 #ifndef DONT_USE_REGISTER_DEFINES
 #define Gthread             AS_REGISTER(Register, Gthread)
 #define Gmethod             AS_REGISTER(Register, Gmethod)
 #define Gmegamorphic_method AS_REGISTER(Register, Gmegamorphic_method)
 #define Ginline_cache_reg   AS_REGISTER(Register, Ginline_cache_reg)
 #define Gargs               AS_REGISTER(Register, Gargs)
 #define Lthread_cache       AS_REGISTER(Register, Lthread_cache)
 #define Gframe_size         AS_REGISTER(Register, Gframe_size)
 #define Gtemp               AS_REGISTER(Register, Gtemp)
 #ifdef CC_INTERP
 #define Lstate              AS_REGISTER(Register, Lstate)
 #define Lesp                AS_REGISTER(Register, Lesp)
 #define L1_scratch          AS_REGISTER(Register, L1_scratch)
 #define Lmirror             AS_REGISTER(Register, Lmirror)
 #define L2_scratch          AS_REGISTER(Register, L2_scratch)
 #define L3_scratch          AS_REGISTER(Register, L3_scratch)
 #define L4_scratch          AS_REGISTER(Register, L4_scratch)
 #define Lscratch            AS_REGISTER(Register, Lscratch)
 #define Lscratch2           AS_REGISTER(Register, Lscratch2)
 #define L7_scratch          AS_REGISTER(Register, L7_scratch)
 #define Ostate              AS_REGISTER(Register, Ostate)
 #else
 #define Lesp                AS_REGISTER(Register, Lesp)
 #define Lbcp                AS_REGISTER(Register, Lbcp)
 #define Lmethod             AS_REGISTER(Register, Lmethod)
 #define Llocals             AS_REGISTER(Register, Llocals)
 #define Lmonitors           AS_REGISTER(Register, Lmonitors)
 #define Lbyte_code          AS_REGISTER(Register, Lbyte_code)
 #define Lscratch            AS_REGISTER(Register, Lscratch)
 #define Lscratch2           AS_REGISTER(Register, Lscratch2)
 #define LcpoolCache         AS_REGISTER(Register, LcpoolCache)
 #endif /* ! CC_INTERP */
 #define Lentry_args         AS_REGISTER(Register, Lentry_args)
 #define I5_savedSP          AS_REGISTER(Register, I5_savedSP)
 #define O5_savedSP          AS_REGISTER(Register, O5_savedSP)
 #define IdispatchAddress    AS_REGISTER(Register, IdispatchAddress)
 #define ImethodDataPtr      AS_REGISTER(Register, ImethodDataPtr)
 #define IdispatchTables     AS_REGISTER(Register, IdispatchTables)
 #define Oexception          AS_REGISTER(Register, Oexception)
 #define Oissuing_pc         AS_REGISTER(Register, Oissuing_pc)
 #endif
 // Address is an abstraction used to represent a memory location.
 //
 // Note: A register location is represented via a Register, not
 //       via an address for efficiency & simplicity reasons.
 class Address VALUE_OBJ_CLASS_SPEC {
  private:
   Register              _base;
 #ifdef _LP64
   int                   _hi32;          // bits 63::32
   int                   _low32;         // bits 31::0
 #endif
   int                   _hi;
   int                   _disp;
   RelocationHolder      _rspec;
   RelocationHolder rspec_from_rtype(relocInfo::relocType rt, address a = NULL) {
     switch (rt) {
     case relocInfo::external_word_type:
       return external_word_Relocation::spec(a);
     case relocInfo::internal_word_type:
       return internal_word_Relocation::spec(a);
 #ifdef _LP64
     case relocInfo::opt_virtual_call_type:
       return opt_virtual_call_Relocation::spec();
     case relocInfo::static_call_type:
       return static_call_Relocation::spec();
     case relocInfo::runtime_call_type:
       return runtime_call_Relocation::spec();
 #endif
     case relocInfo::none:
       return RelocationHolder();
     default:
       ShouldNotReachHere();
       return RelocationHolder();
     }
   }
  public:
   Address(Register b, address a, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none)
     : _rspec(rspec_from_rtype(rt, a))
   {
     _base  = b;
 #ifdef _LP64
     _hi32  = (intptr_t)a >> 32;    // top 32 bits in 64 bit word
     _low32 = (intptr_t)a & ~0;     // low 32 bits in 64 bit word
 #endif
     _hi    = (intptr_t)a & ~0x3ff; // top    22 bits in low word
     _disp  = (intptr_t)a &  0x3ff; // bottom 10 bits
   }
   Address(Register b, address a, RelocationHolder const& rspec)
     : _rspec(rspec)
   {
     _base  = b;
 #ifdef _LP64
     _hi32  = (intptr_t)a >> 32;    // top 32 bits in 64 bit word
     _low32 = (intptr_t)a & ~0;     // low 32 bits in 64 bit word
 #endif
     _hi    = (intptr_t)a & ~0x3ff; // top    22 bits
     _disp  = (intptr_t)a &  0x3ff; // bottom 10 bits
   }
   Address(Register b, intptr_t h, intptr_t d, RelocationHolder const& rspec = RelocationHolder())
     : _rspec(rspec)
   {
     _base  = b;
 #ifdef _LP64
 // [RGV] Put in Assert to force me to check usage of this constructor
      assert( h == 0, "Check usage of this constructor" );
     _hi32  = h;
     _low32 = d;
     _hi    = h;
     _disp  = d;
 #else
     _hi    = h;
     _disp  = d;
 #endif
   }
   Address()
     : _rspec(RelocationHolder())
   {
     _base  = G0;
 #ifdef _LP64
     _hi32  = 0;
     _low32 = 0;
 #endif
     _hi    = 0;
     _disp  = 0;
   }
   // fancier constructors
   enum addr_type {
     extra_in_argument,  // in the In registers
     extra_out_argument  // in the Outs
   };
   Address( addr_type, int );
   // accessors
   Register               base() const { return _base; }
 #ifdef _LP64
   int                   hi32()  const { return _hi32; }
   int                   low32() const { return _low32; }
 #endif
   int                      hi() const { return _hi;  }
   int                    disp() const { return _disp; }
 #ifdef _LP64
   intptr_t              value() const { return ((intptr_t)_hi32 << 32) |
                                                 (intptr_t)(uint32_t)_low32; }
 #else
   int                   value() const { return _hi | _disp; }
 #endif
   const relocInfo::relocType  rtype() { return _rspec.type(); }
   const RelocationHolder&     rspec() { return _rspec; }
   RelocationHolder      rspec(int offset) const {
     return offset == 0 ? _rspec : _rspec.plus(offset);
   }
   inline bool is_simm13(int offset = 0);  // check disp+offset for overflow
   Address split_disp() const {            // deal with disp overflow
     Address a = (*this);
     int hi_disp = _disp & ~0x3ff;
     if (hi_disp != 0) {
       a._disp -= hi_disp;
       a._hi   += hi_disp;
     }
     return a;
   }
   Address after_save() const {
     Address a = (*this);
     a._base = a._base->after_save();
     return a;
   }
   Address after_restore() const {
     Address a = (*this);
     a._base = a._base->after_restore();
     return a;
   }
   friend class Assembler;
 };
 inline Address RegisterImpl::address_in_saved_window() const {
    return (Address(SP, 0, (sp_offset_in_saved_window() * wordSize) + STACK_BIAS));
 }
 // Argument is an abstraction used to represent an outgoing
 // actual argument or an incoming formal parameter, whether
 // it resides in memory or in a register, in a manner consistent
 // with the SPARC Application Binary Interface, or ABI.  This is
 // often referred to as the native or C calling convention.
 class Argument VALUE_OBJ_CLASS_SPEC {
  private:
   int _number;
   bool _is_in;
  public:
 #ifdef _LP64
   enum {
     n_register_parameters = 6,          // only 6 registers may contain integer parameters
     n_float_register_parameters = 16    // Can have up to 16 floating registers
   };
 #else
   enum {
     n_register_parameters = 6           // only 6 registers may contain integer parameters
   };
 #endif
   // creation
   Argument(int number, bool is_in) : _number(number), _is_in(is_in) {}
   int  number() const  { return _number;  }
   bool is_in()  const  { return _is_in;   }
   bool is_out() const  { return !is_in(); }
   Argument successor() const  { return Argument(number() + 1, is_in()); }
   Argument as_in()     const  { return Argument(number(), true ); }
   Argument as_out()    const  { return Argument(number(), false); }
   // locating register-based arguments:
   bool is_register() const { return _number < n_register_parameters; }
 #ifdef _LP64
   // locating Floating Point register-based arguments:
   bool is_float_register() const { return _number < n_float_register_parameters; }
   FloatRegister as_float_register() const {
     assert(is_float_register(), "must be a register argument");
     return as_FloatRegister(( number() *2 ) + 1);
   }
   FloatRegister as_double_register() const {
     assert(is_float_register(), "must be a register argument");
     return as_FloatRegister(( number() *2 ));
   }
 #endif
   Register as_register() const {
     assert(is_register(), "must be a register argument");
     return is_in() ? as_iRegister(number()) : as_oRegister(number());
   }
   // locating memory-based arguments
   Address as_address() const {
     assert(!is_register(), "must be a memory argument");
     return address_in_frame();
   }
   // When applied to a register-based argument, give the corresponding address
   // into the 6-word area "into which callee may store register arguments"
   // (This is a different place than the corresponding register-save area location.)
   Address address_in_frame() const {
     return Address( is_in()   ? Address::extra_in_argument
                               : Address::extra_out_argument,
                     _number );
   }
   // debugging
   const char* name() const;
   friend class Assembler;
 };
 // The SPARC Assembler: Pure assembler doing NO optimizations on the instruction
 // level; i.e., what you write
 // is what you get. The Assembler is generating code into a CodeBuffer.
 class Assembler : public AbstractAssembler  {
  protected:
   static void print_instruction(int inst);
   static int  patched_branch(int dest_pos, int inst, int inst_pos);
   static int  branch_destination(int inst, int pos);
   friend class AbstractAssembler;
   // code patchers need various routines like inv_wdisp()
   friend class NativeInstruction;
   friend class NativeGeneralJump;
   friend class Relocation;
   friend class Label;
  public:
   // op carries format info; see page 62 & 267
   enum ops {
     call_op   = 1, // fmt 1
     branch_op = 0, // also sethi (fmt2)
     arith_op  = 2, // fmt 3, arith & misc
     ldst_op   = 3  // fmt 3, load/store
   };
   enum op2s {
     bpr_op2   = 3,
     fb_op2    = 6,
     fbp_op2   = 5,
     br_op2    = 2,
     bp_op2    = 1,
     cb_op2    = 7, // V8
     sethi_op2 = 4
   };
   enum op3s {
     // selected op3s
     add_op3      = 0x00,
     and_op3      = 0x01,
     or_op3       = 0x02,
     xor_op3      = 0x03,
     sub_op3      = 0x04,
     andn_op3     = 0x05,
     orn_op3      = 0x06,
     xnor_op3     = 0x07,
     addc_op3     = 0x08,
     mulx_op3     = 0x09,
     umul_op3     = 0x0a,
     smul_op3     = 0x0b,
     subc_op3     = 0x0c,
     udivx_op3    = 0x0d,
     udiv_op3     = 0x0e,
     sdiv_op3     = 0x0f,
     addcc_op3    = 0x10,
     andcc_op3    = 0x11,
     orcc_op3     = 0x12,
     xorcc_op3    = 0x13,
     subcc_op3    = 0x14,
     andncc_op3   = 0x15,
     orncc_op3    = 0x16,
     xnorcc_op3   = 0x17,
     addccc_op3   = 0x18,
     umulcc_op3   = 0x1a,
     smulcc_op3   = 0x1b,
     subccc_op3   = 0x1c,
     udivcc_op3   = 0x1e,
     sdivcc_op3   = 0x1f,
     taddcc_op3   = 0x20,
     tsubcc_op3   = 0x21,
     taddcctv_op3 = 0x22,
     tsubcctv_op3 = 0x23,
     mulscc_op3   = 0x24,
     sll_op3      = 0x25,
     sllx_op3     = 0x25,
     srl_op3      = 0x26,
     srlx_op3     = 0x26,
     sra_op3      = 0x27,
     srax_op3     = 0x27,
     rdreg_op3    = 0x28,
     membar_op3   = 0x28,
     flushw_op3   = 0x2b,
     movcc_op3    = 0x2c,
     sdivx_op3    = 0x2d,
     popc_op3     = 0x2e,
     movr_op3     = 0x2f,
     sir_op3      = 0x30,
     wrreg_op3    = 0x30,
     saved_op3    = 0x31,
     fpop1_op3    = 0x34,
     fpop2_op3    = 0x35,
     impdep1_op3  = 0x36,
     impdep2_op3  = 0x37,
     jmpl_op3     = 0x38,
     rett_op3     = 0x39,
     trap_op3     = 0x3a,
     flush_op3    = 0x3b,
     save_op3     = 0x3c,
     restore_op3  = 0x3d,
     done_op3     = 0x3e,
     retry_op3    = 0x3e,
     lduw_op3     = 0x00,
     ldub_op3     = 0x01,
     lduh_op3     = 0x02,
     ldd_op3      = 0x03,
     stw_op3      = 0x04,
     stb_op3      = 0x05,
     sth_op3      = 0x06,
     std_op3      = 0x07,
     ldsw_op3     = 0x08,
     ldsb_op3     = 0x09,
     ldsh_op3     = 0x0a,
     ldx_op3      = 0x0b,
     ldstub_op3   = 0x0d,
     stx_op3      = 0x0e,
     swap_op3     = 0x0f,
     lduwa_op3    = 0x10,
     ldxa_op3     = 0x1b,
     stwa_op3     = 0x14,
     stxa_op3     = 0x1e,
     ldf_op3      = 0x20,
     ldfsr_op3    = 0x21,
     ldqf_op3     = 0x22,
     lddf_op3     = 0x23,
     stf_op3      = 0x24,
     stfsr_op3    = 0x25,
     stqf_op3     = 0x26,
     stdf_op3     = 0x27,
     prefetch_op3 = 0x2d,
     ldc_op3      = 0x30,
     ldcsr_op3    = 0x31,
     lddc_op3     = 0x33,
     stc_op3      = 0x34,
     stcsr_op3    = 0x35,
     stdcq_op3    = 0x36,
     stdc_op3     = 0x37,
     casa_op3     = 0x3c,
     casxa_op3    = 0x3e,
     alt_bit_op3  = 0x10,
      cc_bit_op3  = 0x10
   };
   enum opfs {
     // selected opfs
     fmovs_opf   = 0x01,
     fmovd_opf   = 0x02,
     fnegs_opf   = 0x05,
     fnegd_opf   = 0x06,
     fadds_opf   = 0x41,
     faddd_opf   = 0x42,
     fsubs_opf   = 0x45,
     fsubd_opf   = 0x46,
     fmuls_opf   = 0x49,
     fmuld_opf   = 0x4a,
     fdivs_opf   = 0x4d,
     fdivd_opf   = 0x4e,
     fcmps_opf   = 0x51,
     fcmpd_opf   = 0x52,
     fstox_opf   = 0x81,
     fdtox_opf   = 0x82,
     fxtos_opf   = 0x84,
     fxtod_opf   = 0x88,
     fitos_opf   = 0xc4,
     fdtos_opf   = 0xc6,
     fitod_opf   = 0xc8,
     fstod_opf   = 0xc9,
     fstoi_opf   = 0xd1,
     fdtoi_opf   = 0xd2
   };
   enum RCondition {  rc_z = 1,  rc_lez = 2,  rc_lz = 3, rc_nz = 5, rc_gz = 6, rc_gez = 7  };
   enum Condition {
      // for FBfcc & FBPfcc instruction
     f_never                     = 0,
     f_notEqual                  = 1,
     f_notZero                   = 1,
     f_lessOrGreater             = 2,
     f_unorderedOrLess           = 3,
     f_less                      = 4,
     f_unorderedOrGreater        = 5,
     f_greater                   = 6,
     f_unordered                 = 7,
     f_always                    = 8,
     f_equal                     = 9,
     f_zero                      = 9,
     f_unorderedOrEqual          = 10,
     f_greaterOrEqual            = 11,
     f_unorderedOrGreaterOrEqual = 12,
     f_lessOrEqual               = 13,
     f_unorderedOrLessOrEqual    = 14,
     f_ordered                   = 15,
     // V8 coproc, pp 123 v8 manual
     cp_always  = 8,
     cp_never   = 0,
     cp_3       = 7,
     cp_2       = 6,
     cp_2or3    = 5,
     cp_1       = 4,
     cp_1or3    = 3,
     cp_1or2    = 2,
     cp_1or2or3 = 1,
     cp_0       = 9,
     cp_0or3    = 10,
     cp_0or2    = 11,
     cp_0or2or3 = 12,
     cp_0or1    = 13,
     cp_0or1or3 = 14,
     cp_0or1or2 = 15,
     // for integers
     never                 =  0,
     equal                 =  1,
     zero                  =  1,
     lessEqual             =  2,
     less                  =  3,
     lessEqualUnsigned     =  4,
     lessUnsigned          =  5,
     carrySet              =  5,
     negative              =  6,
     overflowSet           =  7,
     always                =  8,
     notEqual              =  9,
     notZero               =  9,
     greater               =  10,
     greaterEqual          =  11,
     greaterUnsigned       =  12,
     greaterEqualUnsigned  =  13,
     carryClear            =  13,
     positive              =  14,
     overflowClear         =  15
   };
   enum CC {
     icc  = 0,  xcc  = 2,
     // ptr_cc is the correct condition code for a pointer or intptr_t:
     ptr_cc = NOT_LP64(icc) LP64_ONLY(xcc),
     fcc0 = 0,  fcc1 = 1, fcc2 = 2, fcc3 = 3
   };
   enum PrefetchFcn {
     severalReads = 0,  oneRead = 1,  severalWritesAndPossiblyReads = 2, oneWrite = 3, page = 4
   };
  public:
   // Helper functions for groups of instructions
   enum Predict { pt = 1, pn = 0 }; // pt = predict taken
   enum Membar_mask_bits { // page 184, v9
     StoreStore = 1 << 3,
     LoadStore  = 1 << 2,
     StoreLoad  = 1 << 1,
     LoadLoad   = 1 << 0,
     Sync       = 1 << 6,
     MemIssue   = 1 << 5,
     Lookaside  = 1 << 4
   };
   // test if x is within signed immediate range for nbits
   static bool is_simm(int x, int nbits) { return -( 1 << nbits-1 )  <= x   &&   x  <  ( 1 << nbits-1 ); }
   // test if -4096 <= x <= 4095
   static bool is_simm13(int x) { return is_simm(x, 13); }
   enum ASIs { // page 72, v9
     ASI_PRIMARY        = 0x80,
     ASI_PRIMARY_LITTLE = 0x88
     // add more from book as needed
   };
  protected:
   // helpers
   // x is supposed to fit in a field "nbits" wide
   // and be sign-extended. Check the range.
   static void assert_signed_range(intptr_t x, int nbits) {
     assert( nbits == 32
         ||  -(1 << nbits-1) <= x  &&  x < ( 1 << nbits-1),
       "value out of range");
   }
   static void assert_signed_word_disp_range(intptr_t x, int nbits) {
     assert( (x & 3) == 0, "not word aligned");
     assert_signed_range(x, nbits + 2);
   }
   static void assert_unsigned_const(int x, int nbits) {
     assert( juint(x)  <  juint(1 << nbits), "unsigned constant out of range");
   }
   // fields: note bits numbered from LSB = 0,
   //  fields known by inclusive bit range
   static int fmask(juint hi_bit, juint lo_bit) {
     assert( hi_bit >= lo_bit  &&  0 <= lo_bit  &&  hi_bit < 32, "bad bits");
     return (1 << ( hi_bit-lo_bit + 1 )) - 1;
   }
   // inverse of u_field
   static int inv_u_field(int x, int hi_bit, int lo_bit) {
     juint r = juint(x) >> lo_bit;
     r &= fmask( hi_bit, lo_bit);
     return int(r);
   }
   // signed version: extract from field and sign-extend
   static int inv_s_field(int x, int hi_bit, int lo_bit) {
     int sign_shift = 31 - hi_bit;
     return inv_u_field( ((x << sign_shift) >> sign_shift), hi_bit, lo_bit);
   }
   // given a field that ranges from hi_bit to lo_bit (inclusive,
   // LSB = 0), and an unsigned value for the field,
   // shift it into the field
 #ifdef ASSERT
   static int u_field(int x, int hi_bit, int lo_bit) {
     assert( ( x & ~fmask(hi_bit, lo_bit))  == 0,
             "value out of range");
     int r = x << lo_bit;
     assert( inv_u_field(r, hi_bit, lo_bit) == x, "just checking");
     return r;
   }
 #else
   // make sure this is inlined as it will reduce code size significantly
   #define u_field(x, hi_bit, lo_bit)   ((x) << (lo_bit))
 #endif
   static int inv_op(  int x ) { return inv_u_field(x, 31, 30); }
   static int inv_op2( int x ) { return inv_u_field(x, 24, 22); }
   static int inv_op3( int x ) { return inv_u_field(x, 24, 19); }
   static int inv_cond( int x ){ return inv_u_field(x, 28, 25); }
   static bool inv_immed( int x ) { return (x & Assembler::immed(true)) != 0; }
   static Register inv_rd(  int x ) { return as_Register(inv_u_field(x, 29, 25)); }
   static Register inv_rs1( int x ) { return as_Register(inv_u_field(x, 18, 14)); }
   static Register inv_rs2( int x ) { return as_Register(inv_u_field(x,  4,  0)); }
   static int op(       int         x)  { return  u_field(x,             31, 30); }
   static int rd(       Register    r)  { return  u_field(r->encoding(), 29, 25); }
   static int fcn(      int         x)  { return  u_field(x,             29, 25); }
   static int op3(      int         x)  { return  u_field(x,             24, 19); }
   static int rs1(      Register    r)  { return  u_field(r->encoding(), 18, 14); }
   static int rs2(      Register    r)  { return  u_field(r->encoding(),  4,  0); }
   static int annul(    bool        a)  { return  u_field(a ? 1 : 0,     29, 29); }
   static int cond(     int         x)  { return  u_field(x,             28, 25); }
   static int cond_mov( int         x)  { return  u_field(x,             17, 14); }
   static int rcond(    RCondition  x)  { return  u_field(x,             12, 10); }
   static int op2(      int         x)  { return  u_field(x,             24, 22); }
   static int predict(  bool        p)  { return  u_field(p ? 1 : 0,     19, 19); }
   static int branchcc( CC       fcca)  { return  u_field(fcca,          21, 20); }
   static int cmpcc(    CC       fcca)  { return  u_field(fcca,          26, 25); }
   static int imm_asi(  int         x)  { return  u_field(x,             12,  5); }
   static int immed(    bool        i)  { return  u_field(i ? 1 : 0,     13, 13); }
   static int opf_low6( int         w)  { return  u_field(w,             10,  5); }
   static int opf_low5( int         w)  { return  u_field(w,              9,  5); }
   static int trapcc(   CC         cc)  { return  u_field(cc,            12, 11); }
   static int sx(       int         i)  { return  u_field(i,             12, 12); } // shift x=1 means 64-bit
   static int opf(      int         x)  { return  u_field(x,             13,  5); }
   static int opf_cc(   CC          c, bool useFloat ) { return u_field((useFloat ? 0 : 4) + c, 13, 11); }
   static int mov_cc(   CC          c, bool useFloat ) { return u_field(useFloat ? 0 : 1,  18, 18) | u_field(c, 12, 11); }
   static int fd( FloatRegister r,  FloatRegisterImpl::Width fwa) { return u_field(r->encoding(fwa), 29, 25); };
   static int fs1(FloatRegister r,  FloatRegisterImpl::Width fwa) { return u_field(r->encoding(fwa), 18, 14); };
   static int fs2(FloatRegister r,  FloatRegisterImpl::Width fwa) { return u_field(r->encoding(fwa),  4,  0); };
   // some float instructions use this encoding on the op3 field
   static int alt_op3(int op, FloatRegisterImpl::Width w) {
     int r;
     switch(w) {
      case FloatRegisterImpl::S: r = op + 0;  break;
      case FloatRegisterImpl::D: r = op + 3;  break;
      case FloatRegisterImpl::Q: r = op + 2;  break;
      default: ShouldNotReachHere(); break;
     }
     return op3(r);
   }
   // compute inverse of simm
   static int inv_simm(int x, int nbits) {
     return (int)(x << (32 - nbits)) >> (32 - nbits);
   }
   static int inv_simm13( int x ) { return inv_simm(x, 13); }
   // signed immediate, in low bits, nbits long
   static int simm(int x, int nbits) {
     assert_signed_range(x, nbits);
     return x  &  (( 1 << nbits ) - 1);
   }
   // compute inverse of wdisp16
   static intptr_t inv_wdisp16(int x, intptr_t pos) {
     int lo = x & (( 1 << 14 ) - 1);
     int hi = (x >> 20) & 3;
     if (hi >= 2) hi |= ~1;
     return (((hi << 14) | lo) << 2) + pos;
   }
   // word offset, 14 bits at LSend, 2 bits at B21, B20
   static int wdisp16(intptr_t x, intptr_t off) {
     intptr_t xx = x - off;
     assert_signed_word_disp_range(xx, 16);
     int r =  (xx >> 2) & ((1 << 14) - 1)
            |  (  ( (xx>>(2+14)) & 3 )  <<  20 );
     assert( inv_wdisp16(r, off) == x,  "inverse is not inverse");
     return r;
   }
   // word displacement in low-order nbits bits
   static intptr_t inv_wdisp( int x, intptr_t pos, int nbits ) {
     int pre_sign_extend = x & (( 1 << nbits ) - 1);
     int r =  pre_sign_extend >= ( 1 << (nbits-1) )
        ?   pre_sign_extend | ~(( 1 << nbits ) - 1)
        :   pre_sign_extend;
     return (r << 2) + pos;
   }
   static int wdisp( intptr_t x, intptr_t off, int nbits ) {
     intptr_t xx = x - off;
     assert_signed_word_disp_range(xx, nbits);
     int r =  (xx >> 2) & (( 1 << nbits ) - 1);
     assert( inv_wdisp( r, off, nbits )  ==  x, "inverse not inverse");
     return r;
   }
   // Extract the top 32 bits in a 64 bit word
   static int32_t hi32( int64_t x ) {
     int32_t r = int32_t( (uint64_t)x >> 32 );
     return r;
   }
   // given a sethi instruction, extract the constant, left-justified
   static int inv_hi22( int x ) {
     return x << 10;
   }
   // create an imm22 field, given a 32-bit left-justified constant
   static int hi22( int x ) {
     int r = int( juint(x) >> 10 );
     assert( (r & ~((1 << 22) - 1))  ==  0, "just checkin'");
     return r;
   }
   // create a low10 __value__ (not a field) for a given a 32-bit constant
   static int low10( int x ) {
     return x & ((1 << 10) - 1);
   }
   // instruction only in v9
   static void v9_only() { assert( VM_Version::v9_instructions_work(), "This instruction only works on SPARC V9"); }
   // instruction only in v8
   static void v8_only() { assert( VM_Version::v8_instructions_work(), "This instruction only works on SPARC V8"); }
   // instruction deprecated in v9
   static void v9_dep()  { } // do nothing for now
   // some float instructions only exist for single prec. on v8
   static void v8_s_only(FloatRegisterImpl::Width w)  { if (w != FloatRegisterImpl::S)  v9_only(); }
   // v8 has no CC field
   static void v8_no_cc(CC cc)  { if (cc)  v9_only(); }
  protected:
   // Simple delay-slot scheme:
   // In order to check the programmer, the assembler keeps track of deley slots.
   // It forbids CTIs in delay slots (conservative, but should be OK).
   // Also, when putting an instruction into a delay slot, you must say
   // asm->delayed()->add(...), in order to check that you don't omit
   // delay-slot instructions.
   // To implement this, we use a simple FSA
 #ifdef ASSERT
   #define CHECK_DELAY
 #endif
 #ifdef CHECK_DELAY
   enum Delay_state { no_delay, at_delay_slot, filling_delay_slot } delay_state;
 #endif
  public:
   // Tells assembler next instruction must NOT be in delay slot.
   // Use at start of multinstruction macros.
   void assert_not_delayed() {
     // This is a separate overloading to avoid creation of string constants
     // in non-asserted code--with some compilers this pollutes the object code.
 #ifdef CHECK_DELAY
     assert_not_delayed("next instruction should not be a delay slot");
 #endif
   }
   void assert_not_delayed(const char* msg) {
 #ifdef CHECK_DELAY
     assert_msg ( delay_state == no_delay, msg);
 #endif
   }
  protected:
   // Delay slot helpers
   // cti is called when emitting control-transfer instruction,
   // BEFORE doing the emitting.
   // Only effective when assertion-checking is enabled.
   void cti() {
 #ifdef CHECK_DELAY
     assert_not_delayed("cti should not be in delay slot");
 #endif
   }
   // called when emitting cti with a delay slot, AFTER emitting
   void has_delay_slot() {
 #ifdef CHECK_DELAY
     assert_not_delayed("just checking");
     delay_state = at_delay_slot;
 #endif
   }
 public:
   // Tells assembler you know that next instruction is delayed
   Assembler* delayed() {
 #ifdef CHECK_DELAY
     assert ( delay_state == at_delay_slot, "delayed instruction is not in delay slot");
     delay_state = filling_delay_slot;
 #endif
     return this;
   }
   void flush() {
 #ifdef CHECK_DELAY
     assert ( delay_state == no_delay, "ending code with a delay slot");
 #endif
     AbstractAssembler::flush();
   }
   inline void emit_long(int);  // shadows AbstractAssembler::emit_long
   inline void emit_data(int x) { emit_long(x); }
   inline void emit_data(int, RelocationHolder const&);
   inline void emit_data(int, relocInfo::relocType rtype);
   // helper for above fcns
   inline void check_delay();
  public:
   // instructions, refer to page numbers in the SPARC Architecture Manual, V9
   // pp 135 (addc was addx in v8)
   inline void add(    Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void add(    Register s1, int simm13a, Register d, relocInfo::relocType rtype = relocInfo::none);
   inline void add(    Register s1, int simm13a, Register d, RelocationHolder const& rspec);
   inline void add(    const Address&  a,              Register d, int offset = 0);
   void addcc(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(add_op3  | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void addcc(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(add_op3  | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void addc(   Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(addc_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void addc(   Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(addc_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void addccc( Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(addc_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void addccc( Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(addc_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 136
   inline void bpr( RCondition c, bool a, Predict p, Register s1, address d, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none );
   inline void bpr( RCondition c, bool a, Predict p, Register s1, Label& L);
  protected: // use MacroAssembler::br instead
   // pp 138
   inline void fb( Condition c, bool a, address d, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none );
   inline void fb( Condition c, bool a, Label& L );
   // pp 141
   inline void fbp( Condition c, bool a, CC cc, Predict p, address d, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none );
   inline void fbp( Condition c, bool a, CC cc, Predict p, Label& L );
  public:
   // pp 144
   inline void br( Condition c, bool a, address d, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none );
   inline void br( Condition c, bool a, Label& L );
   // pp 146
   inline void bp( Condition c, bool a, CC cc, Predict p, address d, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none );
   inline void bp( Condition c, bool a, CC cc, Predict p, Label& L );
   // pp 121 (V8)
   inline void cb( Condition c, bool a, address d, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none );
   inline void cb( Condition c, bool a, Label& L );
   // pp 149
   inline void call( address d,  relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::runtime_call_type );
   inline void call( Label& L,   relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::runtime_call_type );
   // pp 150
   // These instructions compare the contents of s2 with the contents of
   // memory at address in s1. If the values are equal, the contents of memory
   // at address s1 is swapped with the data in d. If the values are not equal,
   // the the contents of memory at s1 is loaded into d, without the swap.
   void casa(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d, int ia = -1 ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(casa_op3 ) | rs1(s1) | (ia == -1  ? immed(true) : imm_asi(ia)) | rs2(s2)); }
   void casxa( Register s1, Register s2, Register d, int ia = -1 ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(casxa_op3) | rs1(s1) | (ia == -1  ? immed(true) : imm_asi(ia)) | rs2(s2)); }
   // pp 152
   void udiv(   Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(udiv_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2)); }
   void udiv(   Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(udiv_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void sdiv(   Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sdiv_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2)); }
   void sdiv(   Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sdiv_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void udivcc( Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(udiv_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2)); }
   void udivcc( Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(udiv_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void sdivcc( Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sdiv_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2)); }
   void sdivcc( Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sdiv_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 155
   void done()  { v9_only();  cti();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fcn(0) | op3(done_op3) ); }
   void retry() { v9_only();  cti();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fcn(1) | op3(retry_op3) ); }
   // pp 156
   void fadd( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister s1, FloatRegister s2, FloatRegister d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) | fs1(s1, w) | opf(0x40 + w) | fs2(s2, w)); }
   void fsub( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister s1, FloatRegister s2, FloatRegister d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) | fs1(s1, w) | opf(0x44 + w) | fs2(s2, w)); }
   // pp 157
   void fcmp(  FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, CC cc, FloatRegister s1, FloatRegister s2) { v8_no_cc(cc);  emit_long( op(arith_op) | cmpcc(cc) | op3(fpop2_op3) | fs1(s1, w) | opf(0x50 + w) | fs2(s2, w)); }
   void fcmpe( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, CC cc, FloatRegister s1, FloatRegister s2) { v8_no_cc(cc);  emit_long( op(arith_op) | cmpcc(cc) | op3(fpop2_op3) | fs1(s1, w) | opf(0x54 + w) | fs2(s2, w)); }
   // pp 159
   void ftox( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister s, FloatRegister d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) | opf(0x80 + w) | fs2(s, w)); }
   void ftoi( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister s, FloatRegister d ) {             emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) | opf(0xd0 + w) | fs2(s, w)); }
   // pp 160
   void ftof( FloatRegisterImpl::Width sw, FloatRegisterImpl::Width dw, FloatRegister s, FloatRegister d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, dw) | op3(fpop1_op3) | opf(0xc0 + sw + dw*4) | fs2(s, sw)); }
   // pp 161
   void fxtof( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister s, FloatRegister d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) | opf(0x80 + w*4) | fs2(s, w)); }
   void fitof( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister s, FloatRegister d ) {             emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) | opf(0xc0 + w*4) | fs2(s, w)); }
   // pp 162
   void fmov( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister s, FloatRegister d ) { v8_s_only(w);  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) | opf(0x00 + w) | fs2(s, w)); }
   void fneg( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister s, FloatRegister d ) { v8_s_only(w);  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) | opf(0x04 + w) | fs2(s, w)); }
   // page 144 sparc v8 architecture (double prec works on v8 if the source and destination registers are the same). fnegs is the only instruction available
   // on v8 to do negation of single, double and quad precision floats.
   void fneg( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister sd ) { if (VM_Version::v9_instructions_work()) emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(sd, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) | opf(0x04 + w) | fs2(sd, w)); else emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(sd, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) |  opf(0x05) | fs2(sd, w)); }
   void fabs( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister s, FloatRegister d ) { v8_s_only(w);  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) | opf(0x08 + w) | fs2(s, w)); }
   // page 144 sparc v8 architecture (double prec works on v8 if the source and destination registers are the same). fabss is the only instruction available
   // on v8 to do abs operation on single/double/quad precision floats.
   void fabs( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister sd ) { if (VM_Version::v9_instructions_work()) emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(sd, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) | opf(0x08 + w) | fs2(sd, w)); else emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(sd, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) | opf(0x09) | fs2(sd, w)); }
   // pp 163
   void fmul( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w,                            FloatRegister s1, FloatRegister s2, FloatRegister d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w)  | op3(fpop1_op3) | fs1(s1, w)  | opf(0x48 + w)         | fs2(s2, w)); }
   void fmul( FloatRegisterImpl::Width sw, FloatRegisterImpl::Width dw,  FloatRegister s1, FloatRegister s2, FloatRegister d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, dw) | op3(fpop1_op3) | fs1(s1, sw) | opf(0x60 + sw + dw*4) | fs2(s2, sw)); }
   void fdiv( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w,                            FloatRegister s1, FloatRegister s2, FloatRegister d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w)  | op3(fpop1_op3) | fs1(s1, w)  | opf(0x4c + w)         | fs2(s2, w)); }
   // pp 164
   void fsqrt( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister s, FloatRegister d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w) | op3(fpop1_op3) | opf(0x28 + w) | fs2(s, w)); }
   // pp 165
   inline void flush( Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void flush( Register s1, int simm13a);
   // pp 167
   void flushw() { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | op3(flushw_op3) ); }
   // pp 168
   void illtrap( int const22a) { if (const22a != 0) v9_only();  emit_long( op(branch_op) | u_field(const22a, 21, 0) ); }
   // v8 unimp == illtrap(0)
   // pp 169
   void impdep1( int id1, int const19a ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fcn(id1) | op3(impdep1_op3) | u_field(const19a, 18, 0)); }
   void impdep2( int id1, int const19a ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fcn(id1) | op3(impdep2_op3) | u_field(const19a, 18, 0)); }
   // pp 149 (v8)
   void cpop1( int opc, int cr1, int cr2, int crd ) { v8_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fcn(crd) | op3(impdep1_op3) | u_field(cr1, 18, 14) | opf(opc) | u_field(cr2, 4, 0)); }
   void cpop2( int opc, int cr1, int cr2, int crd ) { v8_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fcn(crd) | op3(impdep2_op3) | u_field(cr1, 18, 14) | opf(opc) | u_field(cr2, 4, 0)); }
   // pp 170
   void jmpl( Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   void jmpl( Register s1, int simm13a, Register d, RelocationHolder const& rspec = RelocationHolder() );
   inline void jmpl( Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0);
   // 171
   inline void ldf(    FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, Register s1, Register s2, FloatRegister d );
   inline void ldf(    FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, Register s1, int simm13a, FloatRegister d );
   inline void ldf(    FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, const Address& a, FloatRegister d, int offset = 0);
   inline void ldfsr(  Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void ldfsr(  Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void ldxfsr( Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void ldxfsr( Register s1, int simm13a);
   // pp 94 (v8)
   inline void ldc(   Register s1, Register s2, int crd );
   inline void ldc(   Register s1, int simm13a, int crd);
   inline void lddc(  Register s1, Register s2, int crd );
   inline void lddc(  Register s1, int simm13a, int crd);
   inline void ldcsr( Register s1, Register s2, int crd );
   inline void ldcsr( Register s1, int simm13a, int crd);
   // 173
   void ldfa(  FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, Register s1, Register s2, int ia, FloatRegister d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | fd(d, w) | alt_op3(ldf_op3 | alt_bit_op3, w) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void ldfa(  FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, Register s1, int simm13a,         FloatRegister d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | fd(d, w) | alt_op3(ldf_op3 | alt_bit_op3, w) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 175, lduw is ld on v8
   inline void ldsb(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void ldsb(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   inline void ldsh(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void ldsh(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   inline void ldsw(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void ldsw(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   inline void ldub(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void ldub(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   inline void lduh(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void lduh(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   inline void lduw(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void lduw(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   inline void ldx(   Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void ldx(   Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   inline void ld(    Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void ld(    Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   inline void ldd(   Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void ldd(   Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   inline void ldsb( const Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   inline void ldsh( const Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   inline void ldsw( const Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   inline void ldub( const Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   inline void lduh( const Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   inline void lduw( const Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   inline void ldx(  const Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   inline void ld(   const Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   inline void ldd(  const Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   // pp 177
   void ldsba(  Register s1, Register s2, int ia, Register d ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldsb_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void ldsba(  Register s1, int simm13a,         Register d ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldsb_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void ldsha(  Register s1, Register s2, int ia, Register d ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldsh_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void ldsha(  Register s1, int simm13a,         Register d ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldsh_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void ldswa(  Register s1, Register s2, int ia, Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldsw_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void ldswa(  Register s1, int simm13a,         Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldsw_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void lduba(  Register s1, Register s2, int ia, Register d ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldub_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void lduba(  Register s1, int simm13a,         Register d ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldub_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void lduha(  Register s1, Register s2, int ia, Register d ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(lduh_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void lduha(  Register s1, int simm13a,         Register d ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(lduh_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void lduwa(  Register s1, Register s2, int ia, Register d ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(lduw_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void lduwa(  Register s1, int simm13a,         Register d ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(lduw_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void ldxa(   Register s1, Register s2, int ia, Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldx_op3  | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void ldxa(   Register s1, int simm13a,         Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldx_op3  | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void ldda(   Register s1, Register s2, int ia, Register d ) { v9_dep();   emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldd_op3  | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void ldda(   Register s1, int simm13a,         Register d ) { v9_dep();   emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldd_op3  | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 179
   inline void ldstub(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void ldstub(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   // pp 180
   void ldstuba( Register s1, Register s2, int ia, Register d ) { emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldstub_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void ldstuba( Register s1, int simm13a,         Register d ) { emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(ldstub_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 181
   void and3(     Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(and_op3               ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void and3(     Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(and_op3               ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void andcc(   Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(and_op3  | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void andcc(   Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(and_op3  | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void andn(    Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(andn_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void andn(    Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(andn_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void andncc(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(andn_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void andncc(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(andn_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void or3(      Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(or_op3               ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void or3(      Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(or_op3               ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void orcc(    Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(or_op3   | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void orcc(    Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(or_op3   | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void orn(     Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(orn_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void orn(     Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(orn_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void orncc(   Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(orn_op3  | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void orncc(   Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(orn_op3  | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void xor3(     Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(xor_op3              ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void xor3(     Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(xor_op3              ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void xorcc(   Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(xor_op3  | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void xorcc(   Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(xor_op3  | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void xnor(    Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(xnor_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void xnor(    Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(xnor_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void xnorcc(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(xnor_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void xnorcc(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(xnor_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 183
   void membar( Membar_mask_bits const7a ) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | op3(membar_op3) | rs1(O7) | immed(true) | u_field( int(const7a), 6, 0)); }
   // pp 185
   void fmov( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, Condition c,  bool floatCC, CC cca, FloatRegister s2, FloatRegister d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w) | op3(fpop2_op3) | cond_mov(c) | opf_cc(cca, floatCC) | opf_low6(w) | fs2(s2, w)); }
   // pp 189
   void fmov( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, RCondition c, Register s1,  FloatRegister s2, FloatRegister d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fd(d, w) | op3(fpop2_op3) | rs1(s1) | rcond(c) | opf_low5(4 + w) | fs2(s2, w)); }
   // pp 191
   void movcc( Condition c, bool floatCC, CC cca, Register s2, Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(movcc_op3) | mov_cc(cca, floatCC) | cond_mov(c) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void movcc( Condition c, bool floatCC, CC cca, int simm11a, Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(movcc_op3) | mov_cc(cca, floatCC) | cond_mov(c) | immed(true) | simm(simm11a, 11) ); }
   // pp 195
   void movr( RCondition c, Register s1, Register s2,  Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(movr_op3) | rs1(s1) | rcond(c) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void movr( RCondition c, Register s1, int simm10a,  Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(movr_op3) | rs1(s1) | rcond(c) | immed(true) | simm(simm10a, 10) ); }
   // pp 196
   void mulx(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(mulx_op3 ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void mulx(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(mulx_op3 ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void sdivx( Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sdivx_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void sdivx( Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sdivx_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void udivx( Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(udivx_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void udivx( Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(udivx_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 197
   void umul(   Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(umul_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void umul(   Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(umul_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void smul(   Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(smul_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void smul(   Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(smul_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void umulcc( Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(umul_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void umulcc( Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(umul_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void smulcc( Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(smul_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void smulcc( Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(smul_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 199
   void mulscc(   Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { v9_dep();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(mulscc_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void mulscc(   Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { v9_dep();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(mulscc_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 201
   void nop() { emit_long( op(branch_op) | op2(sethi_op2) ); }
   // pp 202
   void popc( Register s,  Register d) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(popc_op3) | rs2(s)); }
   void popc( int simm13a, Register d) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(popc_op3) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13)); }
   // pp 203
   void prefetch(   Register s1, Register s2,         PrefetchFcn f);
   void prefetch(   Register s1, int simm13a,         PrefetchFcn f);
   void prefetcha(  Register s1, Register s2, int ia, PrefetchFcn f ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | fcn(f) | op3(prefetch_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void prefetcha(  Register s1, int simm13a,         PrefetchFcn f ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | fcn(f) | op3(prefetch_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   inline void prefetch(const Address& a, PrefetchFcn F, int offset = 0);
   // pp 208
   // not implementing read privileged register
   inline void rdy(    Register d) { v9_dep();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(rdreg_op3) | u_field(0, 18, 14)); }
   inline void rdccr(  Register d) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(rdreg_op3) | u_field(2, 18, 14)); }
   inline void rdasi(  Register d) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(rdreg_op3) | u_field(3, 18, 14)); }
   inline void rdtick( Register d) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(rdreg_op3) | u_field(4, 18, 14)); } // Spoon!
   inline void rdpc(   Register d) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(rdreg_op3) | u_field(5, 18, 14)); }
   inline void rdfprs( Register d) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(rdreg_op3) | u_field(6, 18, 14)); }
   // pp 213
   inline void rett( Register s1, Register s2);
   inline void rett( Register s1, int simm13a, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none);
   // pp 214
   void save(    Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(save_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void save(    Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(save_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void restore( Register s1 = G0,  Register s2 = G0, Register d = G0 ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(restore_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void restore( Register s1,       int simm13a,      Register d      ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(restore_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 216
   void saved()    { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fcn(0) | op3(saved_op3)); }
   void restored() { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | fcn(1) | op3(saved_op3)); }
   // pp 217
   inline void sethi( int imm22a, Register d, RelocationHolder const& rspec = RelocationHolder() );
   // pp 218
   void sll(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sll_op3) | rs1(s1) | sx(0) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void sll(  Register s1, int imm5a,   Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sll_op3) | rs1(s1) | sx(0) | immed(true) | u_field(imm5a, 4, 0) ); }
   void srl(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(srl_op3) | rs1(s1) | sx(0) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void srl(  Register s1, int imm5a,   Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(srl_op3) | rs1(s1) | sx(0) | immed(true) | u_field(imm5a, 4, 0) ); }
   void sra(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sra_op3) | rs1(s1) | sx(0) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void sra(  Register s1, int imm5a,   Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sra_op3) | rs1(s1) | sx(0) | immed(true) | u_field(imm5a, 4, 0) ); }
   void sllx( Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sll_op3) | rs1(s1) | sx(1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void sllx( Register s1, int imm6a,   Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sll_op3) | rs1(s1) | sx(1) | immed(true) | u_field(imm6a, 5, 0) ); }
   void srlx( Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(srl_op3) | rs1(s1) | sx(1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void srlx( Register s1, int imm6a,   Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(srl_op3) | rs1(s1) | sx(1) | immed(true) | u_field(imm6a, 5, 0) ); }
   void srax( Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sra_op3) | rs1(s1) | sx(1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void srax( Register s1, int imm6a,   Register d ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sra_op3) | rs1(s1) | sx(1) | immed(true) | u_field(imm6a, 5, 0) ); }
   // pp 220
   void sir( int simm13a ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | fcn(15) | op3(sir_op3) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13)); }
   // pp 221
   void stbar() { emit_long( op(arith_op) | op3(membar_op3) | u_field(15, 18, 14)); }
   // pp 222
   inline void stf(    FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister d, Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void stf(    FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister d, Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void stf(    FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister d, const Address& a, int offset = 0);
   inline void stfsr(  Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void stfsr(  Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void stxfsr( Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void stxfsr( Register s1, int simm13a);
   //  pp 224
   void stfa(  FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister d, Register s1, Register s2, int ia ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | fd(d, w) | alt_op3(stf_op3 | alt_bit_op3, w) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void stfa(  FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister d, Register s1, int simm13a         ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | fd(d, w) | alt_op3(stf_op3 | alt_bit_op3, w) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // p 226
   inline void stb(  Register d, Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void stb(  Register d, Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void sth(  Register d, Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void sth(  Register d, Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void stw(  Register d, Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void stw(  Register d, Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void st(   Register d, Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void st(   Register d, Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void stx(  Register d, Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void stx(  Register d, Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void std(  Register d, Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void std(  Register d, Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void stb(  Register d, const Address& a, int offset = 0 );
   inline void sth(  Register d, const Address& a, int offset = 0 );
   inline void stw(  Register d, const Address& a, int offset = 0 );
   inline void stx(  Register d, const Address& a, int offset = 0 );
   inline void st(   Register d, const Address& a, int offset = 0 );
   inline void std(  Register d, const Address& a, int offset = 0 );
   // pp 177
   void stba(  Register d, Register s1, Register s2, int ia ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(stb_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void stba(  Register d, Register s1, int simm13a         ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(stb_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void stha(  Register d, Register s1, Register s2, int ia ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(sth_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void stha(  Register d, Register s1, int simm13a         ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(sth_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void stwa(  Register d, Register s1, Register s2, int ia ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(stw_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void stwa(  Register d, Register s1, int simm13a         ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(stw_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void stxa(  Register d, Register s1, Register s2, int ia ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(stx_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void stxa(  Register d, Register s1, int simm13a         ) { v9_only();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(stx_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void stda(  Register d, Register s1, Register s2, int ia ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(std_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void stda(  Register d, Register s1, int simm13a         ) {             emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(std_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 97 (v8)
   inline void stc(   int crd, Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void stc(   int crd, Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void stdc(  int crd, Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void stdc(  int crd, Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void stcsr( int crd, Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void stcsr( int crd, Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void stdcq( int crd, Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void stdcq( int crd, Register s1, int simm13a);
   // pp 230
   void sub(    Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sub_op3              ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void sub(    Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sub_op3              ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void subcc(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sub_op3 | cc_bit_op3 ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void subcc(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(sub_op3 | cc_bit_op3 ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void subc(   Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(subc_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void subc(   Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(subc_op3             ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void subccc( Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(subc_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void subccc( Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(subc_op3 | cc_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 231
   inline void swap( Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void swap( Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   inline void swap( Address& a,               Register d, int offset = 0 );
   // pp 232
   void swapa(   Register s1, Register s2, int ia, Register d ) { v9_dep();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(swap_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | imm_asi(ia) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void swapa(   Register s1, int simm13a,         Register d ) { v9_dep();  emit_long( op(ldst_op) | rd(d) | op3(swap_op3 | alt_bit_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 234, note op in book is wrong, see pp 268
   void taddcc(    Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) {            emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(taddcc_op3  ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void taddcc(    Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) {            emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(taddcc_op3  ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void taddcctv(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { v9_dep();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(taddcctv_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void taddcctv(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { v9_dep();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(taddcctv_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 235
   void tsubcc(    Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(tsubcc_op3  ) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void tsubcc(    Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(tsubcc_op3  ) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   void tsubcctv(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(tsubcctv_op3) | rs1(s1) | rs2(s2) ); }
   void tsubcctv(  Register s1, int simm13a, Register d ) { emit_long( op(arith_op) | rd(d) | op3(tsubcctv_op3) | rs1(s1) | immed(true) | simm(simm13a, 13) ); }
   // pp 237
   void trap( Condition c, CC cc, Register s1, Register s2 ) { v8_no_cc(cc);  emit_long( op(arith_op) | cond(c) | op3(trap_op3) | rs1(s1) | trapcc(cc) | rs2(s2)); }
   void trap( Condition c, CC cc, Register s1, int trapa   ) { v8_no_cc(cc);  emit_long( op(arith_op) | cond(c) | op3(trap_op3) | rs1(s1) | trapcc(cc) | immed(true) | u_field(trapa, 6, 0)); }
   // simple uncond. trap
   void trap( int trapa ) { trap( always, icc, G0, trapa ); }
   // pp 239 omit write priv register for now
   inline void wry(    Register d) { v9_dep();  emit_long( op(arith_op) | rs1(d) | op3(wrreg_op3) | u_field(0, 29, 25)); }
   inline void wrccr(Register s) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rs1(s) | op3(wrreg_op3) | u_field(2, 29, 25)); }
   inline void wrccr(Register s, int simm13a) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) |
                                                                            rs1(s) |
                                                                            op3(wrreg_op3) |
                                                                            u_field(2, 29, 25) |
                                                                            u_field(1, 13, 13) |
                                                                            simm(simm13a, 13)); }
   inline void wrasi(  Register d) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rs1(d) | op3(wrreg_op3) | u_field(3, 29, 25)); }
   inline void wrfprs( Register d) { v9_only(); emit_long( op(arith_op) | rs1(d) | op3(wrreg_op3) | u_field(6, 29, 25)); }
   // Creation
   Assembler(CodeBuffer* code) : AbstractAssembler(code) {
 #ifdef CHECK_DELAY
     delay_state = no_delay;
 #endif
   }
   // Testing
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   void test_v9();
   void test_v8_onlys();
 #endif
 };
 class RegistersForDebugging : public StackObj {
  public:
   intptr_t i[8], l[8], o[8], g[8];
   float    f[32];
   double   d[32];
   void print(outputStream* s);
   static int i_offset(int j) { return offset_of(RegistersForDebugging, i[j]); }
   static int l_offset(int j) { return offset_of(RegistersForDebugging, l[j]); }
   static int o_offset(int j) { return offset_of(RegistersForDebugging, o[j]); }
   static int g_offset(int j) { return offset_of(RegistersForDebugging, g[j]); }
   static int f_offset(int j) { return offset_of(RegistersForDebugging, f[j]); }
   static int d_offset(int j) { return offset_of(RegistersForDebugging, d[j / 2]); }
   // gen asm code to save regs
   static void save_registers(MacroAssembler* a);
   // restore global registers in case C code disturbed them
   static void restore_registers(MacroAssembler* a, Register r);
 };
 // MacroAssembler extends Assembler by a few frequently used macros.
 //
 // Most of the standard SPARC synthetic ops are defined here.
 // Instructions for which a 'better' code sequence exists depending
 // on arguments should also go in here.
 #define JMP2(r1, r2) jmp(r1, r2, __FILE__, __LINE__)
 #define JMP(r1, off) jmp(r1, off, __FILE__, __LINE__)
 #define JUMP(a, off)     jump(a, off, __FILE__, __LINE__)
 #define JUMPL(a, d, off) jumpl(a, d, off, __FILE__, __LINE__)
 class MacroAssembler: public Assembler {
  protected:
   // Support for VM calls
   // This is the base routine called by the different versions of call_VM_leaf. The interpreter
   // may customize this version by overriding it for its purposes (e.g., to save/restore
   // additional registers when doing a VM call).
 #ifdef CC_INTERP
   #define VIRTUAL
 #else
   #define VIRTUAL virtual
 #endif
   VIRTUAL void call_VM_leaf_base(Register thread_cache, address entry_point, int number_of_arguments);
   //
   // It is imperative that all calls into the VM are handled via the call_VM macros.
   // They make sure that the stack linkage is setup correctly. call_VM's correspond
   // to ENTRY/ENTRY_X entry points while call_VM_leaf's correspond to LEAF entry points.
   //
   // This is the base routine called by the different versions of call_VM. The interpreter
   // may customize this version by overriding it for its purposes (e.g., to save/restore
   // additional registers when doing a VM call).
   //
   // A non-volatile java_thread_cache register should be specified so
   // that the G2_thread value can be preserved across the call.
   // (If java_thread_cache is noreg, then a slow get_thread call
   // will re-initialize the G2_thread.) call_VM_base returns the register that contains the
   // thread.
   //
   // If no last_java_sp is specified (noreg) than SP will be used instead.
   virtual void call_VM_base(
     Register        oop_result,             // where an oop-result ends up if any; use noreg otherwise
     Register        java_thread_cache,      // the thread if computed before     ; use noreg otherwise
     Register        last_java_sp,           // to set up last_Java_frame in stubs; use noreg otherwise
     address         entry_point,            // the entry point
     int             number_of_arguments,    // the number of arguments (w/o thread) to pop after call
     bool            check_exception=true    // flag which indicates if exception should be checked
   );
   // This routine should emit JVMTI PopFrame and ForceEarlyReturn handling code.
   // The implementation is only non-empty for the InterpreterMacroAssembler,
   // as only the interpreter handles and ForceEarlyReturn PopFrame requests.
   virtual void check_and_handle_popframe(Register scratch_reg);
   virtual void check_and_handle_earlyret(Register scratch_reg);
  public:
   MacroAssembler(CodeBuffer* code) : Assembler(code) {}
   // Support for NULL-checks
   //
   // Generates code that causes a NULL OS exception if the content of reg is NULL.
   // If the accessed location is M[reg + offset] and the offset is known, provide the
   // offset.  No explicit code generation is needed if the offset is within a certain
   // range (0 <= offset <= page_size).
   //
   // %%%%%% Currently not done for SPARC
   void null_check(Register reg, int offset = -1);
   static bool needs_explicit_null_check(intptr_t offset);
   // support for delayed instructions
   MacroAssembler* delayed() { Assembler::delayed();  return this; }
   // branches that use right instruction for v8 vs. v9
   inline void br( Condition c, bool a, Predict p, address d, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none );
   inline void br( Condition c, bool a, Predict p, Label& L );
   inline void fb( Condition c, bool a, Predict p, address d, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none );
   inline void fb( Condition c, bool a, Predict p, Label& L );
   // compares register with zero and branches (V9 and V8 instructions)
   void br_zero( Condition c, bool a, Predict p, Register s1, Label& L);
   // Compares a pointer register with zero and branches on (not)null.
   // Does a test & branch on 32-bit systems and a register-branch on 64-bit.
   void br_null   ( Register s1, bool a, Predict p, Label& L );
   void br_notnull( Register s1, bool a, Predict p, Label& L );
   inline void bp( Condition c, bool a, CC cc, Predict p, address d, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none );
   inline void bp( Condition c, bool a, CC cc, Predict p, Label& L );
   // Branch that tests xcc in LP64 and icc in !LP64
   inline void brx( Condition c, bool a, Predict p, address d, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none );
   inline void brx( Condition c, bool a, Predict p, Label& L );
   // unconditional short branch
   inline void ba( bool a, Label& L );
   // Branch that tests fp condition codes
   inline void fbp( Condition c, bool a, CC cc, Predict p, address d, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none );
   inline void fbp( Condition c, bool a, CC cc, Predict p, Label& L );
   // get PC the best way
   inline int get_pc( Register d );
   // Sparc shorthands(pp 85, V8 manual, pp 289 V9 manual)
   inline void cmp(  Register s1, Register s2 ) { subcc( s1, s2, G0 ); }
   inline void cmp(  Register s1, int simm13a ) { subcc( s1, simm13a, G0 ); }
   inline void jmp( Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void jmp( Register s1, int simm13a, RelocationHolder const& rspec = RelocationHolder() );
   inline void call( address d,  relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::runtime_call_type );
   inline void call( Label& L,   relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::runtime_call_type );
   inline void callr( Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void callr( Register s1, int simm13a, RelocationHolder const& rspec = RelocationHolder() );
   // Emits nothing on V8
   inline void iprefetch( address d, relocInfo::relocType rt = relocInfo::none );
   inline void iprefetch( Label& L);
   inline void tst( Register s ) { orcc( G0, s, G0 ); }
 #ifdef PRODUCT
   inline void ret(  bool trace = TraceJumps )   { if (trace) {
                                                     mov(I7, O7); // traceable register
                                                     JMP(O7, 2 * BytesPerInstWord);
                                                   } else {
                                                     jmpl( I7, 2 * BytesPerInstWord, G0 );
                                                   }
                                                 }
   inline void retl( bool trace = TraceJumps )  { if (trace) JMP(O7, 2 * BytesPerInstWord);
                                                  else jmpl( O7, 2 * BytesPerInstWord, G0 ); }
 #else
   void ret(  bool trace = TraceJumps );
   void retl( bool trace = TraceJumps );
 #endif /* PRODUCT */
   // Required platform-specific helpers for Label::patch_instructions.
   // They _shadow_ the declarations in AbstractAssembler, which are undefined.
   void pd_patch_instruction(address branch, address target);
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   static void pd_print_patched_instruction(address branch);
 #endif
   // sethi Macro handles optimizations and relocations
   void sethi( Address& a, bool ForceRelocatable = false );
   void sethi( intptr_t imm22a, Register d, bool ForceRelocatable = false, RelocationHolder const& rspec = RelocationHolder());
   // compute the size of a sethi/set
   static int  size_of_sethi( address a, bool worst_case = false );
   static int  worst_case_size_of_set();
   // set may be either setsw or setuw (high 32 bits may be zero or sign)
   void set(    intptr_t value, Register d, RelocationHolder const& rspec = RelocationHolder() );
   void setsw(  int value, Register d, RelocationHolder const& rspec = RelocationHolder() );
   void set64(  jlong value, Register d, Register tmp);
   // sign-extend 32 to 64
   inline void signx( Register s, Register d ) { sra( s, G0, d); }
   inline void signx( Register d )             { sra( d, G0, d); }
   inline void not1( Register s, Register d ) { xnor( s, G0, d ); }
   inline void not1( Register d )             { xnor( d, G0, d ); }
   inline void neg( Register s, Register d ) { sub( G0, s, d ); }
   inline void neg( Register d )             { sub( G0, d, d ); }
   inline void cas(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d) { casa( s1, s2, d, ASI_PRIMARY); }
   inline void casx( Register s1, Register s2, Register d) { casxa(s1, s2, d, ASI_PRIMARY); }
   // Functions for isolating 64 bit atomic swaps for LP64
   // cas_ptr will perform cas for 32 bit VM's and casx for 64 bit VM's
   inline void cas_ptr(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d) {
 #ifdef _LP64
     casx( s1, s2, d );
 #else
     cas( s1, s2, d );
 #endif
   }
   // Functions for isolating 64 bit shifts for LP64
   inline void sll_ptr( Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void sll_ptr( Register s1, int imm6a,   Register d );
   inline void srl_ptr( Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void srl_ptr( Register s1, int imm6a,   Register d );
   // little-endian
   inline void casl(  Register s1, Register s2, Register d) { casa( s1, s2, d, ASI_PRIMARY_LITTLE); }
   inline void casxl( Register s1, Register s2, Register d) { casxa(s1, s2, d, ASI_PRIMARY_LITTLE); }
   inline void inc(   Register d,  int const13 = 1 ) { add(   d, const13, d); }
   inline void inccc( Register d,  int const13 = 1 ) { addcc( d, const13, d); }
   inline void dec(   Register d,  int const13 = 1 ) { sub(   d, const13, d); }
   inline void deccc( Register d,  int const13 = 1 ) { subcc( d, const13, d); }
   inline void btst( Register s1,  Register s2 ) { andcc( s1, s2, G0 ); }
   inline void btst( int simm13a,  Register s )  { andcc( s,  simm13a, G0 ); }
   inline void bset( Register s1,  Register s2 ) { or3( s1, s2, s2 ); }
   inline void bset( int simm13a,  Register s )  { or3( s,  simm13a, s ); }
   inline void bclr( Register s1,  Register s2 ) { andn( s1, s2, s2 ); }
   inline void bclr( int simm13a,  Register s )  { andn( s,  simm13a, s ); }
   inline void btog( Register s1,  Register s2 ) { xor3( s1, s2, s2 ); }
   inline void btog( int simm13a,  Register s )  { xor3( s,  simm13a, s ); }
   inline void clr( Register d ) { or3( G0, G0, d ); }
   inline void clrb( Register s1, Register s2);
   inline void clrh( Register s1, Register s2);
   inline void clr(  Register s1, Register s2);
   inline void clrx( Register s1, Register s2);
   inline void clrb( Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void clrh( Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void clr(  Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void clrx( Register s1, int simm13a);
   // copy & clear upper word
   inline void clruw( Register s, Register d ) { srl( s, G0, d); }
   // clear upper word
   inline void clruwu( Register d ) { srl( d, G0, d); }
   // membar psuedo instruction.  takes into account target memory model.
   inline void membar( Assembler::Membar_mask_bits const7a );
   // returns if membar generates anything.
   inline bool membar_has_effect( Assembler::Membar_mask_bits const7a );
   // mov pseudo instructions
   inline void mov( Register s,  Register d) {
     if ( s != d )    or3( G0, s, d);
     else             assert_not_delayed();  // Put something useful in the delay slot!
   }
   inline void mov_or_nop( Register s,  Register d) {
     if ( s != d )    or3( G0, s, d);
     else             nop();
   }
   inline void mov( int simm13a, Register d) { or3( G0, simm13a, d); }
   // address pseudos: make these names unlike instruction names to avoid confusion
   inline void split_disp(    Address& a, Register temp );
   inline intptr_t load_pc_address( Register reg, int bytes_to_skip );
   inline void load_address(  Address& a, int offset = 0 );
   inline void load_contents( Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   inline void load_ptr_contents( Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   inline void store_contents( Register s, Address& a, int offset = 0 );
   inline void store_ptr_contents( Register s, Address& a, int offset = 0 );
   inline void jumpl_to( Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   inline void jump_to(  Address& a,             int offset = 0 );
   // ring buffer traceable jumps
   void jmp2( Register r1, Register r2, const char* file, int line );
   void jmp ( Register r1, int offset,  const char* file, int line );
   void jumpl( Address& a, Register d, int offset, const char* file, int line );
   void jump ( Address& a,             int offset, const char* file, int line );
   // argument pseudos:
   inline void load_argument( Argument& a, Register  d );
   inline void store_argument( Register s, Argument& a );
   inline void store_ptr_argument( Register s, Argument& a );
   inline void store_float_argument( FloatRegister s, Argument& a );
   inline void store_double_argument( FloatRegister s, Argument& a );
   inline void store_long_argument( Register s, Argument& a );
   // handy macros:
   inline void round_to( Register r, int modulus ) {
     assert_not_delayed();
     inc( r, modulus - 1 );
     and3( r, -modulus, r );
   }
   // --------------------------------------------------
   // Functions for isolating 64 bit loads for LP64
   // ld_ptr will perform ld for 32 bit VM's and ldx for 64 bit VM's
   // st_ptr will perform st for 32 bit VM's and stx for 64 bit VM's
   inline void ld_ptr(   Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void ld_ptr(   Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   inline void ld_ptr(  const Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   inline void st_ptr(  Register d, Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void st_ptr(  Register d, Register s1, int simm13a);
   inline void st_ptr(  Register d, const Address& a, int offset = 0 );
   // ld_long will perform ld for 32 bit VM's and ldx for 64 bit VM's
   // st_long will perform st for 32 bit VM's and stx for 64 bit VM's
   inline void ld_long( Register s1, Register s2, Register d );
   inline void ld_long( Register s1, int simm13a, Register d );
   inline void ld_long( const Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 );
   inline void st_long( Register d, Register s1, Register s2 );
   inline void st_long( Register d, Register s1, int simm13a );
   inline void st_long( Register d, const Address& a, int offset = 0 );
   // --------------------------------------------------
  public:
   // traps as per trap.h (SPARC ABI?)
   void breakpoint_trap();
   void breakpoint_trap(Condition c, CC cc = icc);
   void flush_windows_trap();
   void clean_windows_trap();
   void get_psr_trap();
   void set_psr_trap();
   // V8/V9 flush_windows
   void flush_windows();
   // Support for serializing memory accesses between threads
   void serialize_memory(Register thread, Register tmp1, Register tmp2);
   // Stack frame creation/removal
   void enter();
   void leave();
   // V8/V9 integer multiply
   void mult(Register s1, Register s2, Register d);
   void mult(Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   // V8/V9 read and write of condition codes.
   void read_ccr(Register d);
   void write_ccr(Register s);
   // Manipulation of C++ bools
   // These are idioms to flag the need for care with accessing bools but on
   // this platform we assume byte size
   inline void stbool( Register d, const Address& a, int offset = 0 ) { stb(d, a, offset); }
   inline void ldbool( const Address& a, Register d, int offset = 0 ) { ldsb( a, d, offset ); }
   inline void tstbool( Register s ) { tst(s); }
   inline void movbool( bool boolconst, Register d) { mov( (int) boolconst, d); }
   // klass oop manipulations if compressed
   void load_klass(Register src_oop, Register klass);
   void store_klass(Register klass, Register dst_oop);
   void store_klass_gap(Register s, Register dst_oop);
    // oop manipulations
   void load_heap_oop(const Address& s, Register d, int offset = 0);
   void load_heap_oop(Register s1, Register s2, Register d);
   void load_heap_oop(Register s1, int simm13a, Register d);
   void store_heap_oop(Register d, Register s1, Register s2);
   void store_heap_oop(Register d, Register s1, int simm13a);
   void store_heap_oop(Register d, const Address& a, int offset = 0);
   void encode_heap_oop(Register src, Register dst);
   void encode_heap_oop(Register r) {
     encode_heap_oop(r, r);
   }
   void decode_heap_oop(Register src, Register dst);
   void decode_heap_oop(Register r) {
     decode_heap_oop(r, r);
   }
   void encode_heap_oop_not_null(Register r);
   void decode_heap_oop_not_null(Register r);
   void encode_heap_oop_not_null(Register src, Register dst);
   void decode_heap_oop_not_null(Register src, Register dst);
   // Support for managing the JavaThread pointer (i.e.; the reference to
   // thread-local information).
   void get_thread();                                // load G2_thread
   void verify_thread();                             // verify G2_thread contents
   void save_thread   (const Register threache); // save to cache
   void restore_thread(const Register thread_cache); // restore from cache
   // Support for last Java frame (but use call_VM instead where possible)
   void set_last_Java_frame(Register last_java_sp, Register last_Java_pc);
   void reset_last_Java_frame(void);
   // Call into the VM.
   // Passes the thread pointer (in O0) as a prepended argument.
   // Makes sure oop return values are visible to the GC.
   void call_VM(Register oop_result, address entry_point, int number_of_arguments = 0, bool check_exceptions = true);
   void call_VM(Register oop_result, address entry_point, Register arg_1, bool check_exceptions = true);
   void call_VM(Register oop_result, address entry_point, Register arg_1, Register arg_2, bool check_exceptions = true);
   void call_VM(Register oop_result, address entry_point, Register arg_1, Register arg_2, Register arg_3, bool check_exceptions = true);
   // these overloadings are not presently used on SPARC:
   void call_VM(Register oop_result, Register last_java_sp, address entry_point, int number_of_arguments = 0, bool check_exceptions = true);
   void call_VM(Register oop_result, Register last_java_sp, address entry_point, Register arg_1, bool check_exceptions = true);
   void call_VM(Register oop_result, Register last_java_sp, address entry_point, Register arg_1, Register arg_2, bool check_exceptions = true);
   void call_VM(Register oop_result, Register last_java_sp, address entry_point, Register arg_1, Register arg_2, Register arg_3, bool check_exceptions = true);
   void call_VM_leaf(Register thread_cache, address entry_point, int number_of_arguments = 0);
   void call_VM_leaf(Register thread_cache, address entry_point, Register arg_1);
   void call_VM_leaf(Register thread_cache, address entry_point, Register arg_1, Register arg_2);
   void call_VM_leaf(Register thread_cache, address entry_point, Register arg_1, Register arg_2, Register arg_3);
   void get_vm_result  (Register oop_result);
   void get_vm_result_2(Register oop_result);
   // vm result is currently getting hijacked to for oop preservation
   void set_vm_result(Register oop_result);
   // if call_VM_base was called with check_exceptions=false, then call
   // check_and_forward_exception to handle exceptions when it is safe
   void check_and_forward_exception(Register scratch_reg);
  private:
   // For V8
   void read_ccr_trap(Register ccr_save);
   void write_ccr_trap(Register ccr_save1, Register scratch1, Register scratch2);
 #ifdef ASSERT
   // For V8 debugging.  Uses V8 instruction sequence and checks
   // result with V9 insturctions rdccr and wrccr.
   // Uses Gscatch and Gscatch2
   void read_ccr_v8_assert(Register ccr_save);
   void write_ccr_v8_assert(Register ccr_save);
 #endif // ASSERT
  public:
   // Stores
   void store_check(Register tmp, Register obj);                // store check for obj - register is destroyed afterwards
   void store_check(Register tmp, Register obj, Register offset); // store check for obj - register is destroyed afterwards
   // pushes double TOS element of FPU stack on CPU stack; pops from FPU stack
   void push_fTOS();
   // pops double TOS element from CPU stack and pushes on FPU stack
   void pop_fTOS();
   void empty_FPU_stack();
   void push_IU_state();
   void pop_IU_state();
   void push_FPU_state();
   void pop_FPU_state();
   void push_CPU_state();
   void pop_CPU_state();
   // if heap base register is used - reinit it with the correct value
   void reinit_heapbase();
   // Debugging
   void _verify_oop(Register reg, const char * msg, const char * file, int line);
   void _verify_oop_addr(Address addr, const char * msg, const char * file, int line);
 #define verify_oop(reg) _verify_oop(reg, "broken oop " #reg, __FILE__, __LINE__)
 #define verify_oop_addr(addr) _verify_oop_addr(addr, "broken oop addr ", __FILE__, __LINE__)
         // only if +VerifyOops
   void verify_FPU(int stack_depth, const char* s = "illegal FPU state");
         // only if +VerifyFPU
   void stop(const char* msg);                          // prints msg, dumps registers and stops execution
   void warn(const char* msg);                          // prints msg, but don't stop
   void untested(const char* what = "");
   void unimplemented(const char* what = "")              { char* b = new char[1024];  sprintf(b, "unimplemented: %s", what);  stop(b); }
   void should_not_reach_here()                   { stop("should not reach here"); }
   void print_CPU_state();
   // oops in code
   Address allocate_oop_address( jobject obj, Register d ); // allocate_index
   Address constant_oop_address( jobject obj, Register d ); // find_index
   inline void set_oop         ( jobject obj, Register d ); // uses allocate_oop_address
   inline void set_oop_constant( jobject obj, Register d ); // uses constant_oop_address
   inline void set_oop         ( Address obj_addr );        // same as load_address
   void set_narrow_oop( jobject obj, Register d );
   // nop padding
   void align(int modulus);
   // declare a safepoint
   void safepoint();
   // factor out part of stop into subroutine to save space
   void stop_subroutine();
   // factor out part of verify_oop into subroutine to save space
   void verify_oop_subroutine();
   // side-door communication with signalHandler in os_solaris.cpp
   static address _verify_oop_implicit_branch[3];
 #ifndef PRODUCT
   static void test();
 #endif
   // convert an incoming arglist to varargs format; put the pointer in d
   void set_varargs( Argument a, Register d );
   int total_frame_size_in_bytes(int extraWords);
   // used when extraWords known statically
   void save_frame(int extraWords);
   void save_frame_c1(int size_in_bytes);
   // make a frame, and simultaneously pass up one or two register value
   // into the new register window
   void save_frame_and_mov(int extraWords, Register s1, Register d1, Register s2 = Register(), Register d2 = Register());
   // give no. (outgoing) params, calc # of words will need on frame
   void calc_mem_param_words(Register Rparam_words, Register Rresult);
   // used to calculate frame size dynamically
   // result is in bytes and must be negated for save inst
   void calc_frame_size(Register extraWords, Register resultReg);
   // calc and also save
   void calc_frame_size_and_save(Register extraWords, Register resultReg);
   static void debug(char* msg, RegistersForDebugging* outWindow);
   // implementations of bytecodes used by both interpreter and compiler
   void lcmp( Register Ra_hi, Register Ra_low,
              Register Rb_hi, Register Rb_low,
              Register Rresult);
   void lneg( Register Rhi, Register Rlow );
   void lshl(  Register Rin_high,  Register Rin_low,  Register Rcount,
               Register Rout_high, Register Rout_low, Register Rtemp );
   void lshr(  Register Rin_high,  Register Rin_low,  Register Rcount,
               Register Rout_high, Register Rout_low, Register Rtemp );
   void lushr( Register Rin_high,  Register Rin_low,  Register Rcount,
               Register Rout_high, Register Rout_low, Register Rtemp );
 #ifdef _LP64
   void lcmp( Register Ra, Register Rb, Register Rresult);
 #endif
   void float_cmp( bool is_float, int unordered_result,
                   FloatRegister Fa, FloatRegister Fb,
                   Register Rresult);
   void fneg( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister s, FloatRegister d);
   void fneg( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister sd ) { Assembler::fneg(w, sd); }
   void fmov( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister s, FloatRegister d);
   void fabs( FloatRegisterImpl::Width w, FloatRegister s, FloatRegister d);
   void save_all_globals_into_locals();
   void restore_globals_from_locals();
   void casx_under_lock(Register top_ptr_reg, Register top_reg, Register ptr_reg,
     address lock_addr=0, bool use_call_vm=false);
   void cas_under_lock(Register top_ptr_reg, Register top_reg, Register ptr_reg,
     address lock_addr=0, bool use_call_vm=false);
   void casn (Register addr_reg, Register cmp_reg, Register set_reg) ;
   // These set the icc condition code to equal if the lock succeeded
   // and notEqual if it failed and requires a slow case
   void compiler_lock_object(Register Roop, Register Rmark, Register Rbox, Register Rscratch,
                               BiasedLockingCounters* counters = NULL);
   void compiler_unlock_object(Register Roop, Register Rmark, Register Rbox, Register Rscratch);
   // Biased locking support
   // Upon entry, lock_reg must point to the lock record on the stack,
   // obj_reg must contain the target object, and mark_reg must contain
   // the target object's header.
   // Destroys mark_reg if an attempt is made to bias an anonymously
   // biased lock. In this case a failure will go either to the slow
   // case or fall through with the notEqual condition code set with
   // the expectation that the slow case in the runtime will be called.
   // In the fall-through case where the CAS-based lock is done,
   // mark_reg is not destroyed.
   void biased_locking_enter(Register obj_reg, Register mark_reg, Register temp_reg,
                             Label& done, Label* slow_case = NULL,
                             BiasedLockingCounters* counters = NULL);
   // Upon entry, the base register of mark_addr must contain the oop.
   // Destroys temp_reg.
   // If allow_delay_slot_filling is set to true, the next instruction
   // emitted after this one will go in an annulled delay slot if the
   // biased locking exit case failed.
   void biased_locking_exit(Address mark_addr, Register temp_reg, Label& done, bool allow_delay_slot_filling = false);
   // allocation
   void eden_allocate(
     Register obj,                      // result: pointer to object after successful allocation
     Register var_size_in_bytes,        // object size in bytes if unknown at compile time; invalid otherwise
     int      con_size_in_bytes,        // object size in bytes if   known at compile time
     Register t1,                       // temp register
     Register t2,                       // temp register
     Label&   slow_case                 // continuation point if fast allocation fails
   );
   void tlab_allocate(
     Register obj,                      // result: pointer to object after successful allocation
     Register var_size_in_bytes,        // object size in bytes if unknown at compile time; invalid otherwise
     int      con_size_in_bytes,        // object size in bytes if   known at compile time
     Register t1,                       // temp register
     Label&   slow_case                 // continuation point if fast allocation fails
   );
   void tlab_refill(Label& retry_tlab, Label& try_eden, Label& slow_case);
   // Stack overflow checking
   // Note: this clobbers G3_scratch
   void bang_stack_with_offset(int offset) {
     // stack grows down, caller passes positive offset
     assert(offset > 0, "must bang with negative offset");
     set((-offset)+STACK_BIAS, G3_scratch);
     st(G0, SP, G3_scratch);
   }
   // Writes to stack successive pages until offset reached to check for
   // stack overflow + shadow pages.  Clobbers tsp and scratch registers.
   void bang_stack_size(Register Rsize, Register Rtsp, Register Rscratch);
   void verify_tlab();
   Condition negate_condition(Condition cond);
   // Helper functions for statistics gathering.
   // Conditionally (non-atomically) increments passed counter address, preserving condition codes.
   void cond_inc(Condition cond, address counter_addr, Register Rtemp1, Register Rtemp2);
   // Unconditional increment.
   void inc_counter(address counter_addr, Register Rtemp1, Register Rtemp2);
 #undef VIRTUAL
 };
 /**
  * class SkipIfEqual:
  *
  * Instantiating this class will result in assembly code being output that will
  * jump around any code emitted between the creation of the instance and it's
  * automatic destruction at the end of a scope block, depending on the value of
  * the flag passed to the constructor, which will be checked at run-time.
  */
 class SkipIfEqual : public StackObj {
  private:
   MacroAssembler* _masm;
   Label _label;
  public:
    // 'temp' is a temp register that this object can use (and trash)
    SkipIfEqual(MacroAssembler*, Register temp,
                const bool* flag_addr, Assembler::Condition condition);
    ~SkipIfEqual();
 };
 #ifdef ASSERT
 // On RISC, there's no benefit to verifying instruction boundaries.
 inline bool AbstractAssembler::pd_check_instruction_mark() { return false; }
 #endif

Mercurial > jdk8-mips64-public > hotspot / annotate

src/cpu/sparc/vm/assembler_sparc.hpp@d1605aabd0a1 (annotated)

src/cpu/sparc/vm/assembler_sparc.hpp