src/share/vm/runtime/sharedRuntimeTrans.cpp

Thu, 27 May 2010 19:08:38 -0700

author
trims
date
Thu, 27 May 2010 19:08:38 -0700
changeset 1907
c18cbe5936b8
parent 435
a61af66fc99e
child 2036
126ea7725993
permissions
-rw-r--r--

6941466: Oracle rebranding changes for Hotspot repositories
Summary: Change all the Sun copyrights to Oracle copyright
Reviewed-by: ohair

duke@435 1 /*
trims@1907 2 * Copyright (c) 2005, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
duke@435 3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
duke@435 4 *
duke@435 5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
duke@435 6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
duke@435 7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
duke@435 8 *
duke@435 9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
duke@435 10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
duke@435 11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
duke@435 12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
duke@435 13 * accompanied this code).
duke@435 14 *
duke@435 15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
duke@435 16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
duke@435 17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
duke@435 18 *
trims@1907 19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
trims@1907 20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
trims@1907 21 * questions.
duke@435 22 *
duke@435 23 */
duke@435 24
duke@435 25 #include "incls/_precompiled.incl"
duke@435 26 #include "incls/_sharedRuntimeTrans.cpp.incl"
duke@435 27
duke@435 28 // This file contains copies of the fdlibm routines used by
duke@435 29 // StrictMath. It turns out that it is almost always required to use
duke@435 30 // these runtime routines; the Intel CPU doesn't meet the Java
duke@435 31 // specification for sin/cos outside a certain limited argument range,
duke@435 32 // and the SPARC CPU doesn't appear to have sin/cos instructions. It
duke@435 33 // also turns out that avoiding the indirect call through function
duke@435 34 // pointer out to libjava.so in SharedRuntime speeds these routines up
duke@435 35 // by roughly 15% on both Win32/x86 and Solaris/SPARC.
duke@435 36
duke@435 37 // Enabling optimizations in this file causes incorrect code to be
duke@435 38 // generated; can not figure out how to turn down optimization for one
duke@435 39 // file in the IDE on Windows
duke@435 40 #ifdef WIN32
duke@435 41 # pragma optimize ( "", off )
duke@435 42 #endif
duke@435 43
duke@435 44 #include <math.h>
duke@435 45
duke@435 46 // VM_LITTLE_ENDIAN is #defined appropriately in the Makefiles
duke@435 47 // [jk] this is not 100% correct because the float word order may different
duke@435 48 // from the byte order (e.g. on ARM)
duke@435 49 #ifdef VM_LITTLE_ENDIAN
duke@435 50 # define __HI(x) *(1+(int*)&x)
duke@435 51 # define __LO(x) *(int*)&x
duke@435 52 #else
duke@435 53 # define __HI(x) *(int*)&x
duke@435 54 # define __LO(x) *(1+(int*)&x)
duke@435 55 #endif
duke@435 56
duke@435 57 double copysign(double x, double y) {
duke@435 58 __HI(x) = (__HI(x)&0x7fffffff)|(__HI(y)&0x80000000);
duke@435 59 return x;
duke@435 60 }
duke@435 61
duke@435 62 /*
duke@435 63 * ====================================================
trims@1907 64 * Copyright (c) 1998 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
duke@435 65 *
duke@435 66 * Developed at SunSoft, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
duke@435 67 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
duke@435 68 * software is freely granted, provided that this notice
duke@435 69 * is preserved.
duke@435 70 * ====================================================
duke@435 71 */
duke@435 72
duke@435 73 /*
duke@435 74 * scalbn (double x, int n)
duke@435 75 * scalbn(x,n) returns x* 2**n computed by exponent
duke@435 76 * manipulation rather than by actually performing an
duke@435 77 * exponentiation or a multiplication.
duke@435 78 */
duke@435 79
duke@435 80 static const double
duke@435 81 two54 = 1.80143985094819840000e+16, /* 0x43500000, 0x00000000 */
duke@435 82 twom54 = 5.55111512312578270212e-17, /* 0x3C900000, 0x00000000 */
duke@435 83 hugeX = 1.0e+300,
duke@435 84 tiny = 1.0e-300;
duke@435 85
duke@435 86 double scalbn (double x, int n) {
duke@435 87 int k,hx,lx;
duke@435 88 hx = __HI(x);
duke@435 89 lx = __LO(x);
duke@435 90 k = (hx&0x7ff00000)>>20; /* extract exponent */
duke@435 91 if (k==0) { /* 0 or subnormal x */
duke@435 92 if ((lx|(hx&0x7fffffff))==0) return x; /* +-0 */
duke@435 93 x *= two54;
duke@435 94 hx = __HI(x);
duke@435 95 k = ((hx&0x7ff00000)>>20) - 54;
duke@435 96 if (n< -50000) return tiny*x; /*underflow*/
duke@435 97 }
duke@435 98 if (k==0x7ff) return x+x; /* NaN or Inf */
duke@435 99 k = k+n;
duke@435 100 if (k > 0x7fe) return hugeX*copysign(hugeX,x); /* overflow */
duke@435 101 if (k > 0) /* normal result */
duke@435 102 {__HI(x) = (hx&0x800fffff)|(k<<20); return x;}
duke@435 103 if (k <= -54) {
duke@435 104 if (n > 50000) /* in case integer overflow in n+k */
duke@435 105 return hugeX*copysign(hugeX,x); /*overflow*/
duke@435 106 else return tiny*copysign(tiny,x); /*underflow*/
duke@435 107 }
duke@435 108 k += 54; /* subnormal result */
duke@435 109 __HI(x) = (hx&0x800fffff)|(k<<20);
duke@435 110 return x*twom54;
duke@435 111 }
duke@435 112
duke@435 113 /* __ieee754_log(x)
duke@435 114 * Return the logrithm of x
duke@435 115 *
duke@435 116 * Method :
duke@435 117 * 1. Argument Reduction: find k and f such that
duke@435 118 * x = 2^k * (1+f),
duke@435 119 * where sqrt(2)/2 < 1+f < sqrt(2) .
duke@435 120 *
duke@435 121 * 2. Approximation of log(1+f).
duke@435 122 * Let s = f/(2+f) ; based on log(1+f) = log(1+s) - log(1-s)
duke@435 123 * = 2s + 2/3 s**3 + 2/5 s**5 + .....,
duke@435 124 * = 2s + s*R
duke@435 125 * We use a special Reme algorithm on [0,0.1716] to generate
duke@435 126 * a polynomial of degree 14 to approximate R The maximum error
duke@435 127 * of this polynomial approximation is bounded by 2**-58.45. In
duke@435 128 * other words,
duke@435 129 * 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
duke@435 130 * R(z) ~ Lg1*s +Lg2*s +Lg3*s +Lg4*s +Lg5*s +Lg6*s +Lg7*s
duke@435 131 * (the values of Lg1 to Lg7 are listed in the program)
duke@435 132 * and
duke@435 133 * | 2 14 | -58.45
duke@435 134 * | Lg1*s +...+Lg7*s - R(z) | <= 2
duke@435 135 * | |
duke@435 136 * Note that 2s = f - s*f = f - hfsq + s*hfsq, where hfsq = f*f/2.
duke@435 137 * In order to guarantee error in log below 1ulp, we compute log
duke@435 138 * by
duke@435 139 * log(1+f) = f - s*(f - R) (if f is not too large)
duke@435 140 * log(1+f) = f - (hfsq - s*(hfsq+R)). (better accuracy)
duke@435 141 *
duke@435 142 * 3. Finally, log(x) = k*ln2 + log(1+f).
duke@435 143 * = k*ln2_hi+(f-(hfsq-(s*(hfsq+R)+k*ln2_lo)))
duke@435 144 * Here ln2 is split into two floating point number:
duke@435 145 * ln2_hi + ln2_lo,
duke@435 146 * where n*ln2_hi is always exact for |n| < 2000.
duke@435 147 *
duke@435 148 * Special cases:
duke@435 149 * log(x) is NaN with signal if x < 0 (including -INF) ;
duke@435 150 * log(+INF) is +INF; log(0) is -INF with signal;
duke@435 151 * log(NaN) is that NaN with no signal.
duke@435 152 *
duke@435 153 * Accuracy:
duke@435 154 * according to an error analysis, the error is always less than
duke@435 155 * 1 ulp (unit in the last place).
duke@435 156 *
duke@435 157 * Constants:
duke@435 158 * The hexadecimal values are the intended ones for the following
duke@435 159 * constants. The decimal values may be used, provided that the
duke@435 160 * compiler will convert from decimal to binary accurately enough
duke@435 161 * to produce the hexadecimal values shown.
duke@435 162 */
duke@435 163
duke@435 164 static const double
duke@435 165 ln2_hi = 6.93147180369123816490e-01, /* 3fe62e42 fee00000 */
duke@435 166 ln2_lo = 1.90821492927058770002e-10, /* 3dea39ef 35793c76 */
duke@435 167 Lg1 = 6.666666666666735130e-01, /* 3FE55555 55555593 */
duke@435 168 Lg2 = 3.999999999940941908e-01, /* 3FD99999 9997FA04 */
duke@435 169 Lg3 = 2.857142874366239149e-01, /* 3FD24924 94229359 */
duke@435 170 Lg4 = 2.222219843214978396e-01, /* 3FCC71C5 1D8E78AF */
duke@435 171 Lg5 = 1.818357216161805012e-01, /* 3FC74664 96CB03DE */
duke@435 172 Lg6 = 1.531383769920937332e-01, /* 3FC39A09 D078C69F */
duke@435 173 Lg7 = 1.479819860511658591e-01; /* 3FC2F112 DF3E5244 */
duke@435 174
duke@435 175 static double zero = 0.0;
duke@435 176
duke@435 177 static double __ieee754_log(double x) {
duke@435 178 double hfsq,f,s,z,R,w,t1,t2,dk;
duke@435 179 int k,hx,i,j;
duke@435 180 unsigned lx;
duke@435 181
duke@435 182 hx = __HI(x); /* high word of x */
duke@435 183 lx = __LO(x); /* low word of x */
duke@435 184
duke@435 185 k=0;
duke@435 186 if (hx < 0x00100000) { /* x < 2**-1022 */
duke@435 187 if (((hx&0x7fffffff)|lx)==0)
duke@435 188 return -two54/zero; /* log(+-0)=-inf */
duke@435 189 if (hx<0) return (x-x)/zero; /* log(-#) = NaN */
duke@435 190 k -= 54; x *= two54; /* subnormal number, scale up x */
duke@435 191 hx = __HI(x); /* high word of x */
duke@435 192 }
duke@435 193 if (hx >= 0x7ff00000) return x+x;
duke@435 194 k += (hx>>20)-1023;
duke@435 195 hx &= 0x000fffff;
duke@435 196 i = (hx+0x95f64)&0x100000;
duke@435 197 __HI(x) = hx|(i^0x3ff00000); /* normalize x or x/2 */
duke@435 198 k += (i>>20);
duke@435 199 f = x-1.0;
duke@435 200 if((0x000fffff&(2+hx))<3) { /* |f| < 2**-20 */
duke@435 201 if(f==zero) {
duke@435 202 if (k==0) return zero;
duke@435 203 else {dk=(double)k; return dk*ln2_hi+dk*ln2_lo;}
duke@435 204 }
duke@435 205 R = f*f*(0.5-0.33333333333333333*f);
duke@435 206 if(k==0) return f-R; else {dk=(double)k;
duke@435 207 return dk*ln2_hi-((R-dk*ln2_lo)-f);}
duke@435 208 }
duke@435 209 s = f/(2.0+f);
duke@435 210 dk = (double)k;
duke@435 211 z = s*s;
duke@435 212 i = hx-0x6147a;
duke@435 213 w = z*z;
duke@435 214 j = 0x6b851-hx;
duke@435 215 t1= w*(Lg2+w*(Lg4+w*Lg6));
duke@435 216 t2= z*(Lg1+w*(Lg3+w*(Lg5+w*Lg7)));
duke@435 217 i |= j;
duke@435 218 R = t2+t1;
duke@435 219 if(i>0) {
duke@435 220 hfsq=0.5*f*f;
duke@435 221 if(k==0) return f-(hfsq-s*(hfsq+R)); else
duke@435 222 return dk*ln2_hi-((hfsq-(s*(hfsq+R)+dk*ln2_lo))-f);
duke@435 223 } else {
duke@435 224 if(k==0) return f-s*(f-R); else
duke@435 225 return dk*ln2_hi-((s*(f-R)-dk*ln2_lo)-f);
duke@435 226 }
duke@435 227 }
duke@435 228
duke@435 229 JRT_LEAF(jdouble, SharedRuntime::dlog(jdouble x))
duke@435 230 return __ieee754_log(x);
duke@435 231 JRT_END
duke@435 232
duke@435 233 /* __ieee754_log10(x)
duke@435 234 * Return the base 10 logarithm of x
duke@435 235 *
duke@435 236 * Method :
duke@435 237 * Let log10_2hi = leading 40 bits of log10(2) and
duke@435 238 * log10_2lo = log10(2) - log10_2hi,
duke@435 239 * ivln10 = 1/log(10) rounded.
duke@435 240 * Then
duke@435 241 * n = ilogb(x),
duke@435 242 * if(n<0) n = n+1;
duke@435 243 * x = scalbn(x,-n);
duke@435 244 * log10(x) := n*log10_2hi + (n*log10_2lo + ivln10*log(x))
duke@435 245 *
duke@435 246 * Note 1:
duke@435 247 * To guarantee log10(10**n)=n, where 10**n is normal, the rounding
duke@435 248 * mode must set to Round-to-Nearest.
duke@435 249 * Note 2:
duke@435 250 * [1/log(10)] rounded to 53 bits has error .198 ulps;
duke@435 251 * log10 is monotonic at all binary break points.
duke@435 252 *
duke@435 253 * Special cases:
duke@435 254 * log10(x) is NaN with signal if x < 0;
duke@435 255 * log10(+INF) is +INF with no signal; log10(0) is -INF with signal;
duke@435 256 * log10(NaN) is that NaN with no signal;
duke@435 257 * log10(10**N) = N for N=0,1,...,22.
duke@435 258 *
duke@435 259 * Constants:
duke@435 260 * The hexadecimal values are the intended ones for the following constants.
duke@435 261 * The decimal values may be used, provided that the compiler will convert
duke@435 262 * from decimal to binary accurately enough to produce the hexadecimal values
duke@435 263 * shown.
duke@435 264 */
duke@435 265
duke@435 266 static const double
duke@435 267 ivln10 = 4.34294481903251816668e-01, /* 0x3FDBCB7B, 0x1526E50E */
duke@435 268 log10_2hi = 3.01029995663611771306e-01, /* 0x3FD34413, 0x509F6000 */
duke@435 269 log10_2lo = 3.69423907715893078616e-13; /* 0x3D59FEF3, 0x11F12B36 */
duke@435 270
duke@435 271 static double __ieee754_log10(double x) {
duke@435 272 double y,z;
duke@435 273 int i,k,hx;
duke@435 274 unsigned lx;
duke@435 275
duke@435 276 hx = __HI(x); /* high word of x */
duke@435 277 lx = __LO(x); /* low word of x */
duke@435 278
duke@435 279 k=0;
duke@435 280 if (hx < 0x00100000) { /* x < 2**-1022 */
duke@435 281 if (((hx&0x7fffffff)|lx)==0)
duke@435 282 return -two54/zero; /* log(+-0)=-inf */
duke@435 283 if (hx<0) return (x-x)/zero; /* log(-#) = NaN */
duke@435 284 k -= 54; x *= two54; /* subnormal number, scale up x */
duke@435 285 hx = __HI(x); /* high word of x */
duke@435 286 }
duke@435 287 if (hx >= 0x7ff00000) return x+x;
duke@435 288 k += (hx>>20)-1023;
duke@435 289 i = ((unsigned)k&0x80000000)>>31;
duke@435 290 hx = (hx&0x000fffff)|((0x3ff-i)<<20);
duke@435 291 y = (double)(k+i);
duke@435 292 __HI(x) = hx;
duke@435 293 z = y*log10_2lo + ivln10*__ieee754_log(x);
duke@435 294 return z+y*log10_2hi;
duke@435 295 }
duke@435 296
duke@435 297 JRT_LEAF(jdouble, SharedRuntime::dlog10(jdouble x))
duke@435 298 return __ieee754_log10(x);
duke@435 299 JRT_END
duke@435 300
duke@435 301
duke@435 302 /* __ieee754_exp(x)
duke@435 303 * Returns the exponential of x.
duke@435 304 *
duke@435 305 * Method
duke@435 306 * 1. Argument reduction:
duke@435 307 * Reduce x to an r so that |r| <= 0.5*ln2 ~ 0.34658.
duke@435 308 * Given x, find r and integer k such that
duke@435 309 *
duke@435 310 * x = k*ln2 + r, |r| <= 0.5*ln2.
duke@435 311 *
duke@435 312 * Here r will be represented as r = hi-lo for better
duke@435 313 * accuracy.
duke@435 314 *
duke@435 315 * 2. Approximation of exp(r) by a special rational function on
duke@435 316 * the interval [0,0.34658]:
duke@435 317 * Write
duke@435 318 * R(r**2) = r*(exp(r)+1)/(exp(r)-1) = 2 + r*r/6 - r**4/360 + ...
duke@435 319 * We use a special Reme algorithm on [0,0.34658] to generate
duke@435 320 * a polynomial of degree 5 to approximate R. The maximum error
duke@435 321 * of this polynomial approximation is bounded by 2**-59. In
duke@435 322 * other words,
duke@435 323 * R(z) ~ 2.0 + P1*z + P2*z**2 + P3*z**3 + P4*z**4 + P5*z**5
duke@435 324 * (where z=r*r, and the values of P1 to P5 are listed below)
duke@435 325 * and
duke@435 326 * | 5 | -59
duke@435 327 * | 2.0+P1*z+...+P5*z - R(z) | <= 2
duke@435 328 * | |
duke@435 329 * The computation of exp(r) thus becomes
duke@435 330 * 2*r
duke@435 331 * exp(r) = 1 + -------
duke@435 332 * R - r
duke@435 333 * r*R1(r)
duke@435 334 * = 1 + r + ----------- (for better accuracy)
duke@435 335 * 2 - R1(r)
duke@435 336 * where
duke@435 337 * 2 4 10
duke@435 338 * R1(r) = r - (P1*r + P2*r + ... + P5*r ).
duke@435 339 *
duke@435 340 * 3. Scale back to obtain exp(x):
duke@435 341 * From step 1, we have
duke@435 342 * exp(x) = 2^k * exp(r)
duke@435 343 *
duke@435 344 * Special cases:
duke@435 345 * exp(INF) is INF, exp(NaN) is NaN;
duke@435 346 * exp(-INF) is 0, and
duke@435 347 * for finite argument, only exp(0)=1 is exact.
duke@435 348 *
duke@435 349 * Accuracy:
duke@435 350 * according to an error analysis, the error is always less than
duke@435 351 * 1 ulp (unit in the last place).
duke@435 352 *
duke@435 353 * Misc. info.
duke@435 354 * For IEEE double
duke@435 355 * if x > 7.09782712893383973096e+02 then exp(x) overflow
duke@435 356 * if x < -7.45133219101941108420e+02 then exp(x) underflow
duke@435 357 *
duke@435 358 * Constants:
duke@435 359 * The hexadecimal values are the intended ones for the following
duke@435 360 * constants. The decimal values may be used, provided that the
duke@435 361 * compiler will convert from decimal to binary accurately enough
duke@435 362 * to produce the hexadecimal values shown.
duke@435 363 */
duke@435 364
duke@435 365 static const double
duke@435 366 one = 1.0,
duke@435 367 halF[2] = {0.5,-0.5,},
duke@435 368 twom1000= 9.33263618503218878990e-302, /* 2**-1000=0x01700000,0*/
duke@435 369 o_threshold= 7.09782712893383973096e+02, /* 0x40862E42, 0xFEFA39EF */
duke@435 370 u_threshold= -7.45133219101941108420e+02, /* 0xc0874910, 0xD52D3051 */
duke@435 371 ln2HI[2] ={ 6.93147180369123816490e-01, /* 0x3fe62e42, 0xfee00000 */
duke@435 372 -6.93147180369123816490e-01,},/* 0xbfe62e42, 0xfee00000 */
duke@435 373 ln2LO[2] ={ 1.90821492927058770002e-10, /* 0x3dea39ef, 0x35793c76 */
duke@435 374 -1.90821492927058770002e-10,},/* 0xbdea39ef, 0x35793c76 */
duke@435 375 invln2 = 1.44269504088896338700e+00, /* 0x3ff71547, 0x652b82fe */
duke@435 376 P1 = 1.66666666666666019037e-01, /* 0x3FC55555, 0x5555553E */
duke@435 377 P2 = -2.77777777770155933842e-03, /* 0xBF66C16C, 0x16BEBD93 */
duke@435 378 P3 = 6.61375632143793436117e-05, /* 0x3F11566A, 0xAF25DE2C */
duke@435 379 P4 = -1.65339022054652515390e-06, /* 0xBEBBBD41, 0xC5D26BF1 */
duke@435 380 P5 = 4.13813679705723846039e-08; /* 0x3E663769, 0x72BEA4D0 */
duke@435 381
duke@435 382 static double __ieee754_exp(double x) {
duke@435 383 double y,hi=0,lo=0,c,t;
duke@435 384 int k=0,xsb;
duke@435 385 unsigned hx;
duke@435 386
duke@435 387 hx = __HI(x); /* high word of x */
duke@435 388 xsb = (hx>>31)&1; /* sign bit of x */
duke@435 389 hx &= 0x7fffffff; /* high word of |x| */
duke@435 390
duke@435 391 /* filter out non-finite argument */
duke@435 392 if(hx >= 0x40862E42) { /* if |x|>=709.78... */
duke@435 393 if(hx>=0x7ff00000) {
duke@435 394 if(((hx&0xfffff)|__LO(x))!=0)
duke@435 395 return x+x; /* NaN */
duke@435 396 else return (xsb==0)? x:0.0; /* exp(+-inf)={inf,0} */
duke@435 397 }
duke@435 398 if(x > o_threshold) return hugeX*hugeX; /* overflow */
duke@435 399 if(x < u_threshold) return twom1000*twom1000; /* underflow */
duke@435 400 }
duke@435 401
duke@435 402 /* argument reduction */
duke@435 403 if(hx > 0x3fd62e42) { /* if |x| > 0.5 ln2 */
duke@435 404 if(hx < 0x3FF0A2B2) { /* and |x| < 1.5 ln2 */
duke@435 405 hi = x-ln2HI[xsb]; lo=ln2LO[xsb]; k = 1-xsb-xsb;
duke@435 406 } else {
duke@435 407 k = (int)(invln2*x+halF[xsb]);
duke@435 408 t = k;
duke@435 409 hi = x - t*ln2HI[0]; /* t*ln2HI is exact here */
duke@435 410 lo = t*ln2LO[0];
duke@435 411 }
duke@435 412 x = hi - lo;
duke@435 413 }
duke@435 414 else if(hx < 0x3e300000) { /* when |x|<2**-28 */
duke@435 415 if(hugeX+x>one) return one+x;/* trigger inexact */
duke@435 416 }
duke@435 417 else k = 0;
duke@435 418
duke@435 419 /* x is now in primary range */
duke@435 420 t = x*x;
duke@435 421 c = x - t*(P1+t*(P2+t*(P3+t*(P4+t*P5))));
duke@435 422 if(k==0) return one-((x*c)/(c-2.0)-x);
duke@435 423 else y = one-((lo-(x*c)/(2.0-c))-hi);
duke@435 424 if(k >= -1021) {
duke@435 425 __HI(y) += (k<<20); /* add k to y's exponent */
duke@435 426 return y;
duke@435 427 } else {
duke@435 428 __HI(y) += ((k+1000)<<20);/* add k to y's exponent */
duke@435 429 return y*twom1000;
duke@435 430 }
duke@435 431 }
duke@435 432
duke@435 433 JRT_LEAF(jdouble, SharedRuntime::dexp(jdouble x))
duke@435 434 return __ieee754_exp(x);
duke@435 435 JRT_END
duke@435 436
duke@435 437 /* __ieee754_pow(x,y) return x**y
duke@435 438 *
duke@435 439 * n
duke@435 440 * Method: Let x = 2 * (1+f)
duke@435 441 * 1. Compute and return log2(x) in two pieces:
duke@435 442 * log2(x) = w1 + w2,
duke@435 443 * where w1 has 53-24 = 29 bit trailing zeros.
duke@435 444 * 2. Perform y*log2(x) = n+y' by simulating muti-precision
duke@435 445 * arithmetic, where |y'|<=0.5.
duke@435 446 * 3. Return x**y = 2**n*exp(y'*log2)
duke@435 447 *
duke@435 448 * Special cases:
duke@435 449 * 1. (anything) ** 0 is 1
duke@435 450 * 2. (anything) ** 1 is itself
duke@435 451 * 3. (anything) ** NAN is NAN
duke@435 452 * 4. NAN ** (anything except 0) is NAN
duke@435 453 * 5. +-(|x| > 1) ** +INF is +INF
duke@435 454 * 6. +-(|x| > 1) ** -INF is +0
duke@435 455 * 7. +-(|x| < 1) ** +INF is +0
duke@435 456 * 8. +-(|x| < 1) ** -INF is +INF
duke@435 457 * 9. +-1 ** +-INF is NAN
duke@435 458 * 10. +0 ** (+anything except 0, NAN) is +0
duke@435 459 * 11. -0 ** (+anything except 0, NAN, odd integer) is +0
duke@435 460 * 12. +0 ** (-anything except 0, NAN) is +INF
duke@435 461 * 13. -0 ** (-anything except 0, NAN, odd integer) is +INF
duke@435 462 * 14. -0 ** (odd integer) = -( +0 ** (odd integer) )
duke@435 463 * 15. +INF ** (+anything except 0,NAN) is +INF
duke@435 464 * 16. +INF ** (-anything except 0,NAN) is +0
duke@435 465 * 17. -INF ** (anything) = -0 ** (-anything)
duke@435 466 * 18. (-anything) ** (integer) is (-1)**(integer)*(+anything**integer)
duke@435 467 * 19. (-anything except 0 and inf) ** (non-integer) is NAN
duke@435 468 *
duke@435 469 * Accuracy:
duke@435 470 * pow(x,y) returns x**y nearly rounded. In particular
duke@435 471 * pow(integer,integer)
duke@435 472 * always returns the correct integer provided it is
duke@435 473 * representable.
duke@435 474 *
duke@435 475 * Constants :
duke@435 476 * The hexadecimal values are the intended ones for the following
duke@435 477 * constants. The decimal values may be used, provided that the
duke@435 478 * compiler will convert from decimal to binary accurately enough
duke@435 479 * to produce the hexadecimal values shown.
duke@435 480 */
duke@435 481
duke@435 482 static const double
duke@435 483 bp[] = {1.0, 1.5,},
duke@435 484 dp_h[] = { 0.0, 5.84962487220764160156e-01,}, /* 0x3FE2B803, 0x40000000 */
duke@435 485 dp_l[] = { 0.0, 1.35003920212974897128e-08,}, /* 0x3E4CFDEB, 0x43CFD006 */
duke@435 486 zeroX = 0.0,
duke@435 487 two = 2.0,
duke@435 488 two53 = 9007199254740992.0, /* 0x43400000, 0x00000000 */
duke@435 489 /* poly coefs for (3/2)*(log(x)-2s-2/3*s**3 */
duke@435 490 L1X = 5.99999999999994648725e-01, /* 0x3FE33333, 0x33333303 */
duke@435 491 L2X = 4.28571428578550184252e-01, /* 0x3FDB6DB6, 0xDB6FABFF */
duke@435 492 L3X = 3.33333329818377432918e-01, /* 0x3FD55555, 0x518F264D */
duke@435 493 L4X = 2.72728123808534006489e-01, /* 0x3FD17460, 0xA91D4101 */
duke@435 494 L5X = 2.30660745775561754067e-01, /* 0x3FCD864A, 0x93C9DB65 */
duke@435 495 L6X = 2.06975017800338417784e-01, /* 0x3FCA7E28, 0x4A454EEF */
duke@435 496 lg2 = 6.93147180559945286227e-01, /* 0x3FE62E42, 0xFEFA39EF */
duke@435 497 lg2_h = 6.93147182464599609375e-01, /* 0x3FE62E43, 0x00000000 */
duke@435 498 lg2_l = -1.90465429995776804525e-09, /* 0xBE205C61, 0x0CA86C39 */
duke@435 499 ovt = 8.0085662595372944372e-0017, /* -(1024-log2(ovfl+.5ulp)) */
duke@435 500 cp = 9.61796693925975554329e-01, /* 0x3FEEC709, 0xDC3A03FD =2/(3ln2) */
duke@435 501 cp_h = 9.61796700954437255859e-01, /* 0x3FEEC709, 0xE0000000 =(float)cp */
duke@435 502 cp_l = -7.02846165095275826516e-09, /* 0xBE3E2FE0, 0x145B01F5 =tail of cp_h*/
duke@435 503 ivln2 = 1.44269504088896338700e+00, /* 0x3FF71547, 0x652B82FE =1/ln2 */
duke@435 504 ivln2_h = 1.44269502162933349609e+00, /* 0x3FF71547, 0x60000000 =24b 1/ln2*/
duke@435 505 ivln2_l = 1.92596299112661746887e-08; /* 0x3E54AE0B, 0xF85DDF44 =1/ln2 tail*/
duke@435 506
duke@435 507 double __ieee754_pow(double x, double y) {
duke@435 508 double z,ax,z_h,z_l,p_h,p_l;
duke@435 509 double y1,t1,t2,r,s,t,u,v,w;
duke@435 510 int i0,i1,i,j,k,yisint,n;
duke@435 511 int hx,hy,ix,iy;
duke@435 512 unsigned lx,ly;
duke@435 513
duke@435 514 i0 = ((*(int*)&one)>>29)^1; i1=1-i0;
duke@435 515 hx = __HI(x); lx = __LO(x);
duke@435 516 hy = __HI(y); ly = __LO(y);
duke@435 517 ix = hx&0x7fffffff; iy = hy&0x7fffffff;
duke@435 518
duke@435 519 /* y==zero: x**0 = 1 */
duke@435 520 if((iy|ly)==0) return one;
duke@435 521
duke@435 522 /* +-NaN return x+y */
duke@435 523 if(ix > 0x7ff00000 || ((ix==0x7ff00000)&&(lx!=0)) ||
duke@435 524 iy > 0x7ff00000 || ((iy==0x7ff00000)&&(ly!=0)))
duke@435 525 return x+y;
duke@435 526
duke@435 527 /* determine if y is an odd int when x < 0
duke@435 528 * yisint = 0 ... y is not an integer
duke@435 529 * yisint = 1 ... y is an odd int
duke@435 530 * yisint = 2 ... y is an even int
duke@435 531 */
duke@435 532 yisint = 0;
duke@435 533 if(hx<0) {
duke@435 534 if(iy>=0x43400000) yisint = 2; /* even integer y */
duke@435 535 else if(iy>=0x3ff00000) {
duke@435 536 k = (iy>>20)-0x3ff; /* exponent */
duke@435 537 if(k>20) {
duke@435 538 j = ly>>(52-k);
duke@435 539 if((unsigned)(j<<(52-k))==ly) yisint = 2-(j&1);
duke@435 540 } else if(ly==0) {
duke@435 541 j = iy>>(20-k);
duke@435 542 if((j<<(20-k))==iy) yisint = 2-(j&1);
duke@435 543 }
duke@435 544 }
duke@435 545 }
duke@435 546
duke@435 547 /* special value of y */
duke@435 548 if(ly==0) {
duke@435 549 if (iy==0x7ff00000) { /* y is +-inf */
duke@435 550 if(((ix-0x3ff00000)|lx)==0)
duke@435 551 return y - y; /* inf**+-1 is NaN */
duke@435 552 else if (ix >= 0x3ff00000)/* (|x|>1)**+-inf = inf,0 */
duke@435 553 return (hy>=0)? y: zeroX;
duke@435 554 else /* (|x|<1)**-,+inf = inf,0 */
duke@435 555 return (hy<0)?-y: zeroX;
duke@435 556 }
duke@435 557 if(iy==0x3ff00000) { /* y is +-1 */
duke@435 558 if(hy<0) return one/x; else return x;
duke@435 559 }
duke@435 560 if(hy==0x40000000) return x*x; /* y is 2 */
duke@435 561 if(hy==0x3fe00000) { /* y is 0.5 */
duke@435 562 if(hx>=0) /* x >= +0 */
duke@435 563 return sqrt(x);
duke@435 564 }
duke@435 565 }
duke@435 566
duke@435 567 ax = fabsd(x);
duke@435 568 /* special value of x */
duke@435 569 if(lx==0) {
duke@435 570 if(ix==0x7ff00000||ix==0||ix==0x3ff00000){
duke@435 571 z = ax; /*x is +-0,+-inf,+-1*/
duke@435 572 if(hy<0) z = one/z; /* z = (1/|x|) */
duke@435 573 if(hx<0) {
duke@435 574 if(((ix-0x3ff00000)|yisint)==0) {
duke@435 575 z = (z-z)/(z-z); /* (-1)**non-int is NaN */
duke@435 576 } else if(yisint==1)
duke@435 577 z = -1.0*z; /* (x<0)**odd = -(|x|**odd) */
duke@435 578 }
duke@435 579 return z;
duke@435 580 }
duke@435 581 }
duke@435 582
duke@435 583 n = (hx>>31)+1;
duke@435 584
duke@435 585 /* (x<0)**(non-int) is NaN */
duke@435 586 if((n|yisint)==0) return (x-x)/(x-x);
duke@435 587
duke@435 588 s = one; /* s (sign of result -ve**odd) = -1 else = 1 */
duke@435 589 if((n|(yisint-1))==0) s = -one;/* (-ve)**(odd int) */
duke@435 590
duke@435 591 /* |y| is huge */
duke@435 592 if(iy>0x41e00000) { /* if |y| > 2**31 */
duke@435 593 if(iy>0x43f00000){ /* if |y| > 2**64, must o/uflow */
duke@435 594 if(ix<=0x3fefffff) return (hy<0)? hugeX*hugeX:tiny*tiny;
duke@435 595 if(ix>=0x3ff00000) return (hy>0)? hugeX*hugeX:tiny*tiny;
duke@435 596 }
duke@435 597 /* over/underflow if x is not close to one */
duke@435 598 if(ix<0x3fefffff) return (hy<0)? s*hugeX*hugeX:s*tiny*tiny;
duke@435 599 if(ix>0x3ff00000) return (hy>0)? s*hugeX*hugeX:s*tiny*tiny;
duke@435 600 /* now |1-x| is tiny <= 2**-20, suffice to compute
duke@435 601 log(x) by x-x^2/2+x^3/3-x^4/4 */
duke@435 602 t = ax-one; /* t has 20 trailing zeros */
duke@435 603 w = (t*t)*(0.5-t*(0.3333333333333333333333-t*0.25));
duke@435 604 u = ivln2_h*t; /* ivln2_h has 21 sig. bits */
duke@435 605 v = t*ivln2_l-w*ivln2;
duke@435 606 t1 = u+v;
duke@435 607 __LO(t1) = 0;
duke@435 608 t2 = v-(t1-u);
duke@435 609 } else {
duke@435 610 double ss,s2,s_h,s_l,t_h,t_l;
duke@435 611 n = 0;
duke@435 612 /* take care subnormal number */
duke@435 613 if(ix<0x00100000)
duke@435 614 {ax *= two53; n -= 53; ix = __HI(ax); }
duke@435 615 n += ((ix)>>20)-0x3ff;
duke@435 616 j = ix&0x000fffff;
duke@435 617 /* determine interval */
duke@435 618 ix = j|0x3ff00000; /* normalize ix */
duke@435 619 if(j<=0x3988E) k=0; /* |x|<sqrt(3/2) */
duke@435 620 else if(j<0xBB67A) k=1; /* |x|<sqrt(3) */
duke@435 621 else {k=0;n+=1;ix -= 0x00100000;}
duke@435 622 __HI(ax) = ix;
duke@435 623
duke@435 624 /* compute ss = s_h+s_l = (x-1)/(x+1) or (x-1.5)/(x+1.5) */
duke@435 625 u = ax-bp[k]; /* bp[0]=1.0, bp[1]=1.5 */
duke@435 626 v = one/(ax+bp[k]);
duke@435 627 ss = u*v;
duke@435 628 s_h = ss;
duke@435 629 __LO(s_h) = 0;
duke@435 630 /* t_h=ax+bp[k] High */
duke@435 631 t_h = zeroX;
duke@435 632 __HI(t_h)=((ix>>1)|0x20000000)+0x00080000+(k<<18);
duke@435 633 t_l = ax - (t_h-bp[k]);
duke@435 634 s_l = v*((u-s_h*t_h)-s_h*t_l);
duke@435 635 /* compute log(ax) */
duke@435 636 s2 = ss*ss;
duke@435 637 r = s2*s2*(L1X+s2*(L2X+s2*(L3X+s2*(L4X+s2*(L5X+s2*L6X)))));
duke@435 638 r += s_l*(s_h+ss);
duke@435 639 s2 = s_h*s_h;
duke@435 640 t_h = 3.0+s2+r;
duke@435 641 __LO(t_h) = 0;
duke@435 642 t_l = r-((t_h-3.0)-s2);
duke@435 643 /* u+v = ss*(1+...) */
duke@435 644 u = s_h*t_h;
duke@435 645 v = s_l*t_h+t_l*ss;
duke@435 646 /* 2/(3log2)*(ss+...) */
duke@435 647 p_h = u+v;
duke@435 648 __LO(p_h) = 0;
duke@435 649 p_l = v-(p_h-u);
duke@435 650 z_h = cp_h*p_h; /* cp_h+cp_l = 2/(3*log2) */
duke@435 651 z_l = cp_l*p_h+p_l*cp+dp_l[k];
duke@435 652 /* log2(ax) = (ss+..)*2/(3*log2) = n + dp_h + z_h + z_l */
duke@435 653 t = (double)n;
duke@435 654 t1 = (((z_h+z_l)+dp_h[k])+t);
duke@435 655 __LO(t1) = 0;
duke@435 656 t2 = z_l-(((t1-t)-dp_h[k])-z_h);
duke@435 657 }
duke@435 658
duke@435 659 /* split up y into y1+y2 and compute (y1+y2)*(t1+t2) */
duke@435 660 y1 = y;
duke@435 661 __LO(y1) = 0;
duke@435 662 p_l = (y-y1)*t1+y*t2;
duke@435 663 p_h = y1*t1;
duke@435 664 z = p_l+p_h;
duke@435 665 j = __HI(z);
duke@435 666 i = __LO(z);
duke@435 667 if (j>=0x40900000) { /* z >= 1024 */
duke@435 668 if(((j-0x40900000)|i)!=0) /* if z > 1024 */
duke@435 669 return s*hugeX*hugeX; /* overflow */
duke@435 670 else {
duke@435 671 if(p_l+ovt>z-p_h) return s*hugeX*hugeX; /* overflow */
duke@435 672 }
duke@435 673 } else if((j&0x7fffffff)>=0x4090cc00 ) { /* z <= -1075 */
duke@435 674 if(((j-0xc090cc00)|i)!=0) /* z < -1075 */
duke@435 675 return s*tiny*tiny; /* underflow */
duke@435 676 else {
duke@435 677 if(p_l<=z-p_h) return s*tiny*tiny; /* underflow */
duke@435 678 }
duke@435 679 }
duke@435 680 /*
duke@435 681 * compute 2**(p_h+p_l)
duke@435 682 */
duke@435 683 i = j&0x7fffffff;
duke@435 684 k = (i>>20)-0x3ff;
duke@435 685 n = 0;
duke@435 686 if(i>0x3fe00000) { /* if |z| > 0.5, set n = [z+0.5] */
duke@435 687 n = j+(0x00100000>>(k+1));
duke@435 688 k = ((n&0x7fffffff)>>20)-0x3ff; /* new k for n */
duke@435 689 t = zeroX;
duke@435 690 __HI(t) = (n&~(0x000fffff>>k));
duke@435 691 n = ((n&0x000fffff)|0x00100000)>>(20-k);
duke@435 692 if(j<0) n = -n;
duke@435 693 p_h -= t;
duke@435 694 }
duke@435 695 t = p_l+p_h;
duke@435 696 __LO(t) = 0;
duke@435 697 u = t*lg2_h;
duke@435 698 v = (p_l-(t-p_h))*lg2+t*lg2_l;
duke@435 699 z = u+v;
duke@435 700 w = v-(z-u);
duke@435 701 t = z*z;
duke@435 702 t1 = z - t*(P1+t*(P2+t*(P3+t*(P4+t*P5))));
duke@435 703 r = (z*t1)/(t1-two)-(w+z*w);
duke@435 704 z = one-(r-z);
duke@435 705 j = __HI(z);
duke@435 706 j += (n<<20);
duke@435 707 if((j>>20)<=0) z = scalbn(z,n); /* subnormal output */
duke@435 708 else __HI(z) += (n<<20);
duke@435 709 return s*z;
duke@435 710 }
duke@435 711
duke@435 712
duke@435 713 JRT_LEAF(jdouble, SharedRuntime::dpow(jdouble x, jdouble y))
duke@435 714 return __ieee754_pow(x, y);
duke@435 715 JRT_END
duke@435 716
duke@435 717 #ifdef WIN32
duke@435 718 # pragma optimize ( "", on )
duke@435 719 #endif

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