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 /*

  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

  *

  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

  * published by the Free Software Foundation.

  *

  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that

  * accompanied this code).

  *

  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version

  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,

  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

  *

  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA

  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any

  * questions.

  *

  */

 #include "precompiled.hpp"

 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"

 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"

 #include "code/nmethod.hpp"

 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"

 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"

 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"

 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"

 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"

 #include "prims/jniCheck.hpp"

 #include "runtime/compilationPolicy.hpp"

 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"

 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.hpp"

 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"

 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"

 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"

 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"

 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"

 // -----------------------------------------------------

 // Implementation of JavaCallWrapper

 JavaCallWrapper::JavaCallWrapper(methodHandle callee_method, Handle receiver, JavaValue* result, TRAPS) {

   JavaThread* thread = (JavaThread *)THREAD;

   bool clear_pending_exception = true;

   guarantee(thread->is_Java_thread(), "crucial check - the VM thread cannot and must not escape to Java code");

   assert(!thread->owns_locks(), "must release all locks when leaving VM");

   guarantee(!thread->is_Compiler_thread(), "cannot make java calls from the compiler");

   _result   = result;

   // Allocate handle block for Java code. This must be done before we change thread_state to _thread_in_Java_or_stub,

   // since it can potentially block.

   JNIHandleBlock* new_handles = JNIHandleBlock::allocate_block(thread);

   // After this, we are official in JavaCode. This needs to be done before we change any of the thread local

   // info, since we cannot find oops before the new information is set up completely.

   ThreadStateTransition::transition(thread, _thread_in_vm, _thread_in_Java);

   // Make sure that we handle asynchronous stops and suspends _before_ we clear all thread state

   // in JavaCallWrapper::JavaCallWrapper(). This way, we can decide if we need to do any pd actions

   // to prepare for stop/suspend (flush register windows on sparcs, cache sp, or other state).

   if (thread->has_special_runtime_exit_condition()) {

     thread->handle_special_runtime_exit_condition();

     if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {

       clear_pending_exception = false;

     }

   }

   // Make sure to set the oop's after the thread transition - since we can block there. No one is GC'ing

   // the JavaCallWrapper before the entry frame is on the stack.

   _callee_method = callee_method();

   _receiver = receiver();

 #ifdef CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS

   THREAD->allow_unhandled_oop(&_receiver);

 #endif // CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS

   _thread       = (JavaThread *)thread;

   _handles      = _thread->active_handles();    // save previous handle block & Java frame linkage

   // For the profiler, the last_Java_frame information in thread must always be in

   // legal state. We have no last Java frame if last_Java_sp == NULL so

   // the valid transition is to clear _last_Java_sp and then reset the rest of

   // the (platform specific) state.

   _anchor.copy(_thread->frame_anchor());

   _thread->frame_anchor()->clear();

   debug_only(_thread->inc_java_call_counter());

   _thread->set_active_handles(new_handles);     // install new handle block and reset Java frame linkage

   assert (_thread->thread_state() != _thread_in_native, "cannot set native pc to NULL");

   // clear any pending exception in thread (native calls start with no exception pending)

   if(clear_pending_exception) {

     _thread->clear_pending_exception();

   }

   if (_anchor.last_Java_sp() == NULL) {

     _thread->record_base_of_stack_pointer();

   }

 }

 JavaCallWrapper::~JavaCallWrapper() {

   assert(_thread == JavaThread::current(), "must still be the same thread");

   // restore previous handle block & Java frame linkage

   JNIHandleBlock *_old_handles = _thread->active_handles();

   _thread->set_active_handles(_handles);

   _thread->frame_anchor()->zap();

   debug_only(_thread->dec_java_call_counter());

   if (_anchor.last_Java_sp() == NULL) {

     _thread->set_base_of_stack_pointer(NULL);

   }

   // Old thread-local info. has been restored. We are not back in the VM.

   ThreadStateTransition::transition_from_java(_thread, _thread_in_vm);

   // State has been restored now make the anchor frame visible for the profiler.

   // Do this after the transition because this allows us to put an assert

   // the Java->vm transition which checks to see that stack is not walkable

   // on sparc/ia64 which will catch violations of the reseting of last_Java_frame

   // invariants (i.e. _flags always cleared on return to Java)

   _thread->frame_anchor()->copy(&_anchor);

   // Release handles after we are marked as being inside the VM again, since this

   // operation might block

   JNIHandleBlock::release_block(_old_handles, _thread);

 }

 void JavaCallWrapper::oops_do(OopClosure* f) {

   f->do_oop((oop*)&_receiver);

   handles()->oops_do(f);

 }

 // Helper methods

 static BasicType runtime_type_from(JavaValue* result) {

   switch (result->get_type()) {

     case T_BOOLEAN: // fall through

     case T_CHAR   : // fall through

     case T_SHORT  : // fall through

     case T_INT    : // fall through

 #ifndef _LP64

     case T_OBJECT : // fall through

     case T_ARRAY  : // fall through

 #endif

     case T_BYTE   : // fall through

     case T_VOID   : return T_INT;

     case T_LONG   : return T_LONG;

     case T_FLOAT  : return T_FLOAT;

     case T_DOUBLE : return T_DOUBLE;

 #ifdef _LP64

     case T_ARRAY  : // fall through

     case T_OBJECT:  return T_OBJECT;

 #endif

   }

   ShouldNotReachHere();

   return T_ILLEGAL;

 }

 // ===== object constructor calls =====

 void JavaCalls::call_default_constructor(JavaThread* thread, methodHandle method, Handle receiver, TRAPS) {

   assert(method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(),    "Should only be called for default constructor");

   assert(method->signature() == vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), "Should only be called for default constructor");

   InstanceKlass* ik = method->method_holder();

   if (ik->is_initialized() && ik->has_vanilla_constructor()) {

     // safe to skip constructor call

   } else {

     static JavaValue result(T_VOID);

     JavaCallArguments args(receiver);

     call(&result, method, &args, CHECK);

   }

 }

 // ============ Virtual calls ============

 void JavaCalls::call_virtual(JavaValue* result, KlassHandle spec_klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, JavaCallArguments* args, TRAPS) {

   CallInfo callinfo;

   Handle receiver = args->receiver();

   KlassHandle recvrKlass(THREAD, receiver.is_null() ? (Klass*)NULL : receiver->klass());

   LinkResolver::resolve_virtual_call(

           callinfo, receiver, recvrKlass, spec_klass, name, signature,

           KlassHandle(), false, true, CHECK);

   methodHandle method = callinfo.selected_method();

   assert(method.not_null(), "should have thrown exception");

   // Invoke the method

   JavaCalls::call(result, method, args, CHECK);

 }

 void JavaCalls::call_virtual(JavaValue* result, Handle receiver, KlassHandle spec_klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, TRAPS) {

   JavaCallArguments args(receiver); // One oop argument

   call_virtual(result, spec_klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);

 }

 void JavaCalls::call_virtual(JavaValue* result, Handle receiver, KlassHandle spec_klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, Handle arg1, TRAPS) {

   JavaCallArguments args(receiver); // One oop argument

   args.push_oop(arg1);

   call_virtual(result, spec_klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);

 }

 void JavaCalls::call_virtual(JavaValue* result, Handle receiver, KlassHandle spec_klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, Handle arg1, Handle arg2, TRAPS) {

   JavaCallArguments args(receiver); // One oop argument

   args.push_oop(arg1);

   args.push_oop(arg2);

   call_virtual(result, spec_klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);

 }

 // ============ Special calls ============

 void JavaCalls::call_special(JavaValue* result, KlassHandle klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, JavaCallArguments* args, TRAPS) {

   CallInfo callinfo;

   LinkResolver::resolve_special_call(callinfo, args->receiver(), klass, name, signature, KlassHandle(), false, CHECK);

   methodHandle method = callinfo.selected_method();

   assert(method.not_null(), "should have thrown exception");

   // Invoke the method

   JavaCalls::call(result, method, args, CHECK);

 }

 void JavaCalls::call_special(JavaValue* result, Handle receiver, KlassHandle klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, TRAPS) {

   JavaCallArguments args(receiver); // One oop argument

   call_special(result, klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);

 }

 void JavaCalls::call_special(JavaValue* result, Handle receiver, KlassHandle klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, Handle arg1, TRAPS) {

   JavaCallArguments args(receiver); // One oop argument

   args.push_oop(arg1);

   call_special(result, klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);

 }

 void JavaCalls::call_special(JavaValue* result, Handle receiver, KlassHandle klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, Handle arg1, Handle arg2, TRAPS) {

   JavaCallArguments args(receiver); // One oop argument

   args.push_oop(arg1);

   args.push_oop(arg2);

   call_special(result, klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);

 }

 // ============ Static calls ============

 void JavaCalls::call_static(JavaValue* result, KlassHandle klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, JavaCallArguments* args, TRAPS) {

   CallInfo callinfo;

   LinkResolver::resolve_static_call(callinfo, klass, name, signature, KlassHandle(), false, true, CHECK);

   methodHandle method = callinfo.selected_method();

   assert(method.not_null(), "should have thrown exception");

   // Invoke the method

   JavaCalls::call(result, method, args, CHECK);

 }

 void JavaCalls::call_static(JavaValue* result, KlassHandle klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, TRAPS) {

   JavaCallArguments args; // No argument

   call_static(result, klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);

 }

 void JavaCalls::call_static(JavaValue* result, KlassHandle klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, Handle arg1, TRAPS) {

   JavaCallArguments args(arg1); // One oop argument

   call_static(result, klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);

 }

 void JavaCalls::call_static(JavaValue* result, KlassHandle klass, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, Handle arg1, Handle arg2, TRAPS) {

   JavaCallArguments args; // One oop argument

   args.push_oop(arg1);

   args.push_oop(arg2);

   call_static(result, klass, name, signature, &args, CHECK);

 }

 // -------------------------------------------------

 // Implementation of JavaCalls (low level)

 void JavaCalls::call(JavaValue* result, methodHandle method, JavaCallArguments* args, TRAPS) {

   // Check if we need to wrap a potential OS exception handler around thread

   // This is used for e.g. Win32 structured exception handlers

   assert(THREAD->is_Java_thread(), "only JavaThreads can make JavaCalls");

   // Need to wrap each and everytime, since there might be native code down the

   // stack that has installed its own exception handlers

   os::os_exception_wrapper(call_helper, result, &method, args, THREAD);

 }

 void JavaCalls::call_helper(JavaValue* result, methodHandle* m, JavaCallArguments* args, TRAPS) {

   // During dumping, Java execution environment is not fully initialized. Also, Java execution

   // may cause undesirable side-effects in the class metadata.

   assert(!DumpSharedSpaces, "must not execute Java bytecodes when dumping");

   methodHandle method = *m;

   JavaThread* thread = (JavaThread*)THREAD;

   assert(thread->is_Java_thread(), "must be called by a java thread");

   assert(method.not_null(), "must have a method to call");

   assert(!SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "call to Java code during VM operation");

   assert(!thread->handle_area()->no_handle_mark_active(), "cannot call out to Java here");

   CHECK_UNHANDLED_OOPS_ONLY(thread->clear_unhandled_oops();)

   // Verify the arguments

   if (CheckJNICalls)  {

     args->verify(method, result->get_type());

   }

   else debug_only(args->verify(method, result->get_type()));

   // Ignore call if method is empty

   if (method->is_empty_method()) {

     assert(result->get_type() == T_VOID, "an empty method must return a void value");

     return;

   }

 #ifdef ASSERT

   { InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();

     // A klass might not be initialized since JavaCall's might be used during the executing of

     // the <clinit>. For example, a Thread.start might start executing on an object that is

     // not fully initialized! (bad Java programming style)

     assert(holder->is_linked(), "rewritting must have taken place");

   }

 #endif

   assert(!thread->is_Compiler_thread(), "cannot compile from the compiler");

   if (CompilationPolicy::must_be_compiled(method)) {

     CompileBroker::compile_method(method, InvocationEntryBci,

                                   CompilationPolicy::policy()->initial_compile_level(),

                                   methodHandle(), 0, "must_be_compiled", CHECK);

   }

   // Since the call stub sets up like the interpreter we call the from_interpreted_entry

   // so we can go compiled via a i2c. Otherwise initial entry method will always

   // run interpreted.

   address entry_point = method->from_interpreted_entry();

   if (JvmtiExport::can_post_interpreter_events() && thread->is_interp_only_mode()) {

     entry_point = method->interpreter_entry();

   }

   // Figure out if the result value is an oop or not (Note: This is a different value

   // than result_type. result_type will be T_INT of oops. (it is about size)

   BasicType result_type = runtime_type_from(result);

   bool oop_result_flag = (result->get_type() == T_OBJECT || result->get_type() == T_ARRAY);

   // NOTE: if we move the computation of the result_val_address inside

   // the call to call_stub, the optimizer produces wrong code.

   intptr_t* result_val_address = (intptr_t*)(result->get_value_addr());

   // Find receiver

   Handle receiver = (!method->is_static()) ? args->receiver() : Handle();

   // When we reenter Java, we need to reenable the yellow zone which

   // might already be disabled when we are in VM.

   if (thread->stack_yellow_zone_disabled()) {

     thread->reguard_stack();

   }

   // Check that there are shadow pages available before changing thread state

   // to Java

   if (!os::stack_shadow_pages_available(THREAD, method)) {

     // Throw stack overflow exception with preinitialized exception.

     Exceptions::throw_stack_overflow_exception(THREAD, __FILE__, __LINE__, method);

     return;

   } else {

     // Touch pages checked if the OS needs them to be touched to be mapped.

     os::bang_stack_shadow_pages();

   }

   // do call

   { JavaCallWrapper link(method, receiver, result, CHECK);

     { HandleMark hm(thread);  // HandleMark used by HandleMarkCleaner

       StubRoutines::call_stub()(

         (address)&link,

         // (intptr_t*)&(result->_value), // see NOTE above (compiler problem)

         result_val_address,          // see NOTE above (compiler problem)

         result_type,

         method(),

         entry_point,

         args->parameters(),

         args->size_of_parameters(),

         CHECK

       );

       result = link.result();  // circumvent MS C++ 5.0 compiler bug (result is clobbered across call)

       // Preserve oop return value across possible gc points

       if (oop_result_flag) {

         thread->set_vm_result((oop) result->get_jobject());

       }

     }

   } // Exit JavaCallWrapper (can block - potential return oop must be preserved)

   // Check if a thread stop or suspend should be executed

   // The following assert was not realistic.  Thread.stop can set that bit at any moment.

   //assert(!thread->has_special_runtime_exit_condition(), "no async. exceptions should be installed");

   // Restore possible oop return

   if (oop_result_flag) {

     result->set_jobject((jobject)thread->vm_result());

     thread->set_vm_result(NULL);

   }

 }

 //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 // Implementation of JavaCallArguments

 inline bool is_value_state_indirect_oop(uint state) {

   assert(state != JavaCallArguments::value_state_oop,

          "Checking for handles after removal");

   assert(state < JavaCallArguments::value_state_limit, "Invalid value state");

   return state != JavaCallArguments::value_state_primitive;

 }

 inline oop resolve_indirect_oop(intptr_t value, uint state) {

   switch (state) {

   case JavaCallArguments::value_state_handle:

   {

     oop* ptr = reinterpret_cast<oop*>(value);

     return Handle::raw_resolve(ptr);

   }

   case JavaCallArguments::value_state_jobject:

   {

     jobject obj = reinterpret_cast<jobject>(value);

     return JNIHandles::resolve(obj);

   }

   default:

     ShouldNotReachHere();

     return NULL;

   }

 }

 intptr_t* JavaCallArguments::parameters() {

   // First convert all handles to oops

   for(int i = 0; i < _size; i++) {

     uint state = _value_state[i];

     assert(state != value_state_oop, "Multiple handle conversions");

     if (is_value_state_indirect_oop(state)) {

       oop obj = resolve_indirect_oop(_value[i], state);

       _value[i] = cast_from_oop<intptr_t>(obj);

       _value_state[i] = value_state_oop;

     }

   }

   // Return argument vector

   return _value;

 }

 class SignatureChekker : public SignatureIterator {

  private:

   int _pos;

   BasicType _return_type;

   u_char* _value_state;

   intptr_t* _value;

  public:

   bool _is_return;

   SignatureChekker(Symbol* signature,

                    BasicType return_type,

                    bool is_static,

                    u_char* value_state,

                    intptr_t* value) :

     SignatureIterator(signature),

     _pos(0),

     _return_type(return_type),

     _value_state(value_state),

     _value(value),

     _is_return(false)

   {

     if (!is_static) {

       check_value(true); // Receiver must be an oop

     }

   }

   void check_value(bool type) {

     uint state = _value_state[_pos++];

     if (type) {

       guarantee(is_value_state_indirect_oop(state),

                 "signature does not match pushed arguments");

     } else {

       guarantee(state == JavaCallArguments::value_state_primitive,

                 "signature does not match pushed arguments");

     }

   }

   void check_doing_return(bool state) { _is_return = state; }

   void check_return_type(BasicType t) {

     guarantee(_is_return && t == _return_type, "return type does not match");

   }

   void check_int(BasicType t) {

     if (_is_return) {

       check_return_type(t);

       return;

     }

     check_value(false);

   }

   void check_double(BasicType t) { check_long(t); }

   void check_long(BasicType t) {

     if (_is_return) {

       check_return_type(t);

       return;

     }

     check_value(false);

     check_value(false);

   }

   void check_obj(BasicType t) {

     if (_is_return) {

       check_return_type(t);

       return;

     }

     intptr_t v = _value[_pos];

     if (v != 0) {

       // v is a "handle" referring to an oop, cast to integral type.

       // There shouldn't be any handles in very low memory.

       guarantee((size_t)v >= (size_t)os::vm_page_size(),

                 "Bad JNI oop argument");

       // Verify the pointee.

       oop vv = resolve_indirect_oop(v, _value_state[_pos]);

       guarantee(vv->is_oop_or_null(true),

                 "Bad JNI oop argument");

     }

     check_value(true);          // Verify value state.

   }

   void do_bool()                       { check_int(T_BOOLEAN);       }

   void do_char()                       { check_int(T_CHAR);          }

   void do_float()                      { check_int(T_FLOAT);         }

   void do_double()                     { check_double(T_DOUBLE);     }

   void do_byte()                       { check_int(T_BYTE);          }

   void do_short()                      { check_int(T_SHORT);         }

   void do_int()                        { check_int(T_INT);           }

   void do_long()                       { check_long(T_LONG);         }

   void do_void()                       { check_return_type(T_VOID);  }

   void do_object(int begin, int end)   { check_obj(T_OBJECT);        }

   void do_array(int begin, int end)    { check_obj(T_OBJECT);        }

 };

 void JavaCallArguments::verify(methodHandle method, BasicType return_type) {

   guarantee(method->size_of_parameters() == size_of_parameters(), "wrong no. of arguments pushed");

   // Treat T_OBJECT and T_ARRAY as the same

   if (return_type == T_ARRAY) return_type = T_OBJECT;

   // Check that oop information is correct

   Symbol* signature = method->signature();

   SignatureChekker sc(signature,

                       return_type,

                       method->is_static(),

                       _value_state,

                       _value);

   sc.iterate_parameters();

   sc.check_doing_return(true);

   sc.iterate_returntype();

 }