Mercurial > jdk8-mips64-public > hotspot / file revision

 /*

  * Copyright 1997-2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.

  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

  *

  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

  * published by the Free Software Foundation.

  *

  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that

  * accompanied this code).

  *

  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version

  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,

  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

  *

  * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,

  * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or

  * have any questions.

  *

  */

 // The system dictionary stores all loaded classes and maps:

 //

 //   [class name,class loader] -> class   i.e.  [symbolOop,oop] -> klassOop

 //

 // Classes are loaded lazily. The default VM class loader is

 // represented as NULL.

 // The underlying data structure is an open hash table with a fixed number

 // of buckets. During loading the loader object is locked, (for the VM loader

 // a private lock object is used). Class loading can thus be done concurrently,

 // but only by different loaders.

 //

 // During loading a placeholder (name, loader) is temporarily placed in

 // a side data structure, and is used to detect ClassCircularityErrors

 // and to perform verification during GC.  A GC can occur in the midst

 // of class loading, as we call out to Java, have to take locks, etc.

 //

 // When class loading is finished, a new entry is added to the system

 // dictionary and the place holder is removed. Note that the protection

 // domain field of the system dictionary has not yet been filled in when

 // the "real" system dictionary entry is created.

 //

 // Clients of this class who are interested in finding if a class has

 // been completely loaded -- not classes in the process of being loaded --

 // can read the SystemDictionary unlocked. This is safe because

 //    - entries are only deleted at safepoints

 //    - readers cannot come to a safepoint while actively examining

 //         an entry  (an entry cannot be deleted from under a reader)

 //    - entries must be fully formed before they are available to concurrent

 //         readers (we must ensure write ordering)

 //

 // Note that placeholders are deleted at any time, as they are removed

 // when a class is completely loaded. Therefore, readers as well as writers

 // of placeholders must hold the SystemDictionary_lock.

 //

 class Dictionary;

 class PlaceholderTable;

 class LoaderConstraintTable;

 class HashtableBucket;

 class ResolutionErrorTable;

 class SystemDictionary : AllStatic {

   friend class VMStructs;

   friend class CompactingPermGenGen;

   NOT_PRODUCT(friend class instanceKlassKlass;)

  public:

   // Returns a class with a given class name and class loader.  Loads the

   // class if needed. If not found a NoClassDefFoundError or a

   // ClassNotFoundException is thrown, depending on the value on the

   // throw_error flag.  For most uses the throw_error argument should be set

   // to true.

   static klassOop resolve_or_fail(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, bool throw_error, TRAPS);

   // Convenient call for null loader and protection domain.

   static klassOop resolve_or_fail(symbolHandle class_name, bool throw_error, TRAPS);

 private:

   // handle error translation for resolve_or_null results

   static klassOop handle_resolution_exception(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, bool throw_error, KlassHandle klass_h, TRAPS);

 public:

   // Returns a class with a given class name and class loader.

   // Loads the class if needed. If not found NULL is returned.

   static klassOop resolve_or_null(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS);

   // Version with null loader and protection domain

   static klassOop resolve_or_null(symbolHandle class_name, TRAPS);

   // Resolve a superclass or superinterface. Called from ClassFileParser,

   // parse_interfaces, resolve_instance_class_or_null, load_shared_class

   // "child_name" is the class whose super class or interface is being resolved.

   static klassOop resolve_super_or_fail(symbolHandle child_name,

                                         symbolHandle class_name,

                                         Handle class_loader,

                                         Handle protection_domain,

                                         bool is_superclass,

                                         TRAPS);

   // Parse new stream. This won't update the system dictionary or

   // class hierarchy, simply parse the stream. Used by JVMTI RedefineClasses.

   static klassOop parse_stream(symbolHandle class_name,

                                Handle class_loader,

                                Handle protection_domain,

                                ClassFileStream* st,

                                TRAPS);

   // Resolve from stream (called by jni_DefineClass and JVM_DefineClass)

   static klassOop resolve_from_stream(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, ClassFileStream* st, TRAPS);

   // Lookup an already loaded class. If not found NULL is returned.

   static klassOop find(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS);

   // Lookup an already loaded instance or array class.

   // Do not make any queries to class loaders; consult only the cache.

   // If not found NULL is returned.

   static klassOop find_instance_or_array_klass(symbolHandle class_name,

                                                Handle class_loader,

                                                Handle protection_domain,

                                                TRAPS);

   // Lookup an instance or array class that has already been loaded

   // either into the given class loader, or else into another class

   // loader that is constrained (via loader constraints) to produce

   // a consistent class.  Do not take protection domains into account.

   // Do not make any queries to class loaders; consult only the cache.

   // Return NULL if the class is not found.

   //

   // This function is a strict superset of find_instance_or_array_klass.

   // This function (the unchecked version) makes a conservative prediction

   // of the result of the checked version, assuming successful lookup.

   // If both functions return non-null, they must return the same value.

   // Also, the unchecked version may sometimes be non-null where the

   // checked version is null.  This can occur in several ways:

   //   1. No query has yet been made to the class loader.

   //   2. The class loader was queried, but chose not to delegate.

   //   3. ClassLoader.checkPackageAccess rejected a proposed protection domain.

   //   4. Loading was attempted, but there was a linkage error of some sort.

   // In all of these cases, the loader constraints on this type are

   // satisfied, and it is safe for classes in the given class loader

   // to manipulate strongly-typed values of the found class, subject

   // to local linkage and access checks.

   static klassOop find_constrained_instance_or_array_klass(symbolHandle class_name,

                                                            Handle class_loader,

                                                            TRAPS);

   // Iterate over all klasses in dictionary

   //   Just the classes from defining class loaders

   static void classes_do(void f(klassOop));

   // Added for initialize_itable_for_klass to handle exceptions

   static void classes_do(void f(klassOop, TRAPS), TRAPS);

   //   All classes, and their class loaders

   static void classes_do(void f(klassOop, oop));

   //   All classes, and their class loaders

   //   (added for helpers that use HandleMarks and ResourceMarks)

   static void classes_do(void f(klassOop, oop, TRAPS), TRAPS);

   // All entries in the placeholder table and their class loaders

   static void placeholders_do(void f(symbolOop, oop));

   // Iterate over all methods in all klasses in dictionary

   static void methods_do(void f(methodOop));

   // Garbage collection support

   // This method applies "blk->do_oop" to all the pointers to "system"

   // classes and loaders.

   static void always_strong_oops_do(OopClosure* blk);

   static void always_strong_classes_do(OopClosure* blk);

   // This method applies "blk->do_oop" to all the placeholders.

   static void placeholders_do(OopClosure* blk);

   // Unload (that is, break root links to) all unmarked classes and

   // loaders.  Returns "true" iff something was unloaded.

   static bool do_unloading(BoolObjectClosure* is_alive);

   // Applies "f->do_oop" to all root oops in the system dictionary.

   static void oops_do(OopClosure* f);

   // System loader lock

   static oop system_loader_lock()           { return _system_loader_lock_obj; }

 private:

   //    Traverses preloaded oops: various system classes.  These are

   //    guaranteed to be in the perm gen.

   static void preloaded_oops_do(OopClosure* f);

   static void lazily_loaded_oops_do(OopClosure* f);

 public:

   // Sharing support.

   static void reorder_dictionary();

   static void copy_buckets(char** top, char* end);

   static void copy_table(char** top, char* end);

   static void reverse();

   static void set_shared_dictionary(HashtableBucket* t, int length,

                                     int number_of_entries);

   // Printing

   static void print()                   PRODUCT_RETURN;

   static void print_class_statistics()  PRODUCT_RETURN;

   static void print_method_statistics() PRODUCT_RETURN;

   // Number of contained klasses

   // This is both fully loaded classes and classes in the process

   // of being loaded

   static int number_of_classes();

   // Monotonically increasing counter which grows as classes are

   // loaded or modifications such as hot-swapping or setting/removing

   // of breakpoints are performed

   static inline int number_of_modifications()     { assert_locked_or_safepoint(Compile_lock); return _number_of_modifications; }

   // Needed by evolution and breakpoint code

   static inline void notice_modification()        { assert_locked_or_safepoint(Compile_lock); ++_number_of_modifications;      }

   // Verification

   static void verify();

 #ifdef ASSERT

   static bool is_internal_format(symbolHandle class_name);

 #endif

   // Verify class is in dictionary

   static void verify_obj_klass_present(Handle obj,

                                        symbolHandle class_name,

                                        Handle class_loader);

   // Initialization

   static void initialize(TRAPS);

   // Fast access to commonly used classes (preloaded)

   static klassOop check_klass(klassOop k) {

     assert(k != NULL, "preloaded klass not initialized");

     return k;

   }

 public:

   static klassOop object_klass()            { return check_klass(_object_klass); }

   static klassOop string_klass()            { return check_klass(_string_klass); }

   static klassOop class_klass()             { return check_klass(_class_klass); }

   static klassOop cloneable_klass()         { return check_klass(_cloneable_klass); }

   static klassOop classloader_klass()       { return check_klass(_classloader_klass); }

   static klassOop serializable_klass()      { return check_klass(_serializable_klass); }

   static klassOop system_klass()            { return check_klass(_system_klass); }

   static klassOop throwable_klass()         { return check_klass(_throwable_klass); }

   static klassOop error_klass()             { return check_klass(_error_klass); }

   static klassOop threaddeath_klass()       { return check_klass(_threaddeath_klass); }

   static klassOop exception_klass()         { return check_klass(_exception_klass); }

   static klassOop runtime_exception_klass() { return check_klass(_runtime_exception_klass); }

   static klassOop classNotFoundException_klass() { return check_klass(_classNotFoundException_klass); }

   static klassOop noClassDefFoundError_klass()   { return check_klass(_noClassDefFoundError_klass); }

   static klassOop linkageError_klass()       { return check_klass(_linkageError_klass); }

   static klassOop ClassCastException_klass() { return check_klass(_classCastException_klass); }

   static klassOop ArrayStoreException_klass() { return check_klass(_arrayStoreException_klass); }

   static klassOop virtualMachineError_klass()  { return check_klass(_virtualMachineError_klass); }

   static klassOop OutOfMemoryError_klass()  { return check_klass(_outOfMemoryError_klass); }

   static klassOop StackOverflowError_klass() { return check_klass(_StackOverflowError_klass); }

   static klassOop IllegalMonitorStateException_klass() { return check_klass(_illegalMonitorStateException_klass); }

   static klassOop protectionDomain_klass()  { return check_klass(_protectionDomain_klass); }

   static klassOop AccessControlContext_klass() { return check_klass(_AccessControlContext_klass); }

   static klassOop reference_klass()         { return check_klass(_reference_klass); }

   static klassOop soft_reference_klass()    { return check_klass(_soft_reference_klass); }

   static klassOop weak_reference_klass()    { return check_klass(_weak_reference_klass); }

   static klassOop final_reference_klass()   { return check_klass(_final_reference_klass); }

   static klassOop phantom_reference_klass() { return check_klass(_phantom_reference_klass); }

   static klassOop finalizer_klass()         { return check_klass(_finalizer_klass); }

   static klassOop thread_klass()            { return check_klass(_thread_klass); }

   static klassOop threadGroup_klass()       { return check_klass(_threadGroup_klass); }

   static klassOop properties_klass()        { return check_klass(_properties_klass); }

   static klassOop reflect_accessible_object_klass() { return check_klass(_reflect_accessible_object_klass); }

   static klassOop reflect_field_klass()     { return check_klass(_reflect_field_klass); }

   static klassOop reflect_method_klass()    { return check_klass(_reflect_method_klass); }

   static klassOop reflect_constructor_klass() { return check_klass(_reflect_constructor_klass); }

   static klassOop reflect_method_accessor_klass() {

     assert(JDK_Version::is_gte_jdk14x_version() && UseNewReflection, "JDK 1.4 only");

     return check_klass(_reflect_method_accessor_klass);

   }

   static klassOop reflect_constructor_accessor_klass() {

     assert(JDK_Version::is_gte_jdk14x_version() && UseNewReflection, "JDK 1.4 only");

     return check_klass(_reflect_constructor_accessor_klass);

   }

   // NOTE: needed too early in bootstrapping process to have checks based on JDK version

   static klassOop reflect_magic_klass()     { return _reflect_magic_klass; }

   static klassOop reflect_delegating_classloader_klass() { return _reflect_delegating_classloader_klass; }

   static klassOop reflect_constant_pool_klass() {

     assert(JDK_Version::is_gte_jdk15x_version(), "JDK 1.5 only");

     return _reflect_constant_pool_klass;

   }

   static klassOop reflect_unsafe_static_field_accessor_impl_klass() {

     assert(JDK_Version::is_gte_jdk15x_version(), "JDK 1.5 only");

     return _reflect_unsafe_static_field_accessor_impl_klass;

   }

   static klassOop vector_klass()            { return check_klass(_vector_klass); }

   static klassOop hashtable_klass()         { return check_klass(_hashtable_klass); }

   static klassOop stringBuffer_klass()      { return check_klass(_stringBuffer_klass); }

   static klassOop stackTraceElement_klass() { return check_klass(_stackTraceElement_klass); }

   static klassOop java_nio_Buffer_klass()   { return check_klass(_java_nio_Buffer_klass); }

   static klassOop sun_misc_AtomicLongCSImpl_klass() { return _sun_misc_AtomicLongCSImpl_klass; }

   // To support incremental JRE downloads (KERNEL JRE). Null if not present.

   static klassOop sun_jkernel_DownloadManager_klass() { return _sun_jkernel_DownloadManager_klass; }

   static klassOop boolean_klass()           { return check_klass(_boolean_klass); }

   static klassOop char_klass()              { return check_klass(_char_klass); }

   static klassOop float_klass()             { return check_klass(_float_klass); }

   static klassOop double_klass()            { return check_klass(_double_klass); }

   static klassOop byte_klass()              { return check_klass(_byte_klass); }

   static klassOop short_klass()             { return check_klass(_short_klass); }

   static klassOop int_klass()               { return check_klass(_int_klass); }

   static klassOop long_klass()              { return check_klass(_long_klass); }

   static klassOop box_klass(BasicType t) {

     assert((uint)t < T_VOID+1, "range check");

     return check_klass(_box_klasses[t]);

   }

   static BasicType box_klass_type(klassOop k);  // inverse of box_klass

   // methods returning lazily loaded klasses

   // The corresponding method to load the class must be called before calling them.

   static klassOop abstract_ownable_synchronizer_klass() { return check_klass(_abstract_ownable_synchronizer_klass); }

   static void load_abstract_ownable_synchronizer_klass(TRAPS);

 private:

   // Tells whether ClassLoader.loadClassInternal is present

   static bool has_loadClassInternal()       { return _has_loadClassInternal; }

 public:

   // Tells whether ClassLoader.checkPackageAccess is present

   static bool has_checkPackageAccess()      { return _has_checkPackageAccess; }

   static bool class_klass_loaded()          { return _class_klass != NULL; }

   static bool cloneable_klass_loaded()      { return _cloneable_klass != NULL; }

   // Returns default system loader

   static oop java_system_loader();

   // Compute the default system loader

   static void compute_java_system_loader(TRAPS);

 private:

   // Mirrors for primitive classes (created eagerly)

   static oop check_mirror(oop m) {

     assert(m != NULL, "mirror not initialized");

     return m;

   }

 public:

   // Note:  java_lang_Class::primitive_type is the inverse of java_mirror

   // Check class loader constraints

   static bool add_loader_constraint(symbolHandle name, Handle loader1,

                                     Handle loader2, TRAPS);

   static char* check_signature_loaders(symbolHandle signature, Handle loader1,

                                        Handle loader2, bool is_method, TRAPS);

   // Utility for printing loader "name" as part of tracing constraints

   static const char* loader_name(oop loader) {

     return ((loader) == NULL ? "<bootloader>" :

             instanceKlass::cast((loader)->klass())->name()->as_C_string() );

   }

   // Record the error when the first attempt to resolve a reference from a constant

   // pool entry to a class fails.

   static void add_resolution_error(constantPoolHandle pool, int which, symbolHandle error);

   static symbolOop find_resolution_error(constantPoolHandle pool, int which);

  private:

   enum Constants {

     _loader_constraint_size = 107,                     // number of entries in constraint table

     _resolution_error_size  = 107,                     // number of entries in resolution error table

     _nof_buckets            = 1009                     // number of buckets in hash table

   };

   // Static variables

   // Hashtable holding loaded classes.

   static Dictionary*            _dictionary;

   // Hashtable holding placeholders for classes being loaded.

   static PlaceholderTable*       _placeholders;

   // Hashtable holding classes from the shared archive.

   static Dictionary*             _shared_dictionary;

   // Monotonically increasing counter which grows with

   // _number_of_classes as well as hot-swapping and breakpoint setting

   // and removal.

   static int                     _number_of_modifications;

   // Lock object for system class loader

   static oop                     _system_loader_lock_obj;

   // Constraints on class loaders

   static LoaderConstraintTable*  _loader_constraints;

   // Resolution errors

   static ResolutionErrorTable*   _resolution_errors;

 public:

   // for VM_CounterDecay iteration support

   friend class CounterDecay;

   static klassOop try_get_next_class();

 private:

   static void validate_protection_domain(instanceKlassHandle klass,

                                          Handle class_loader,

                                          Handle protection_domain, TRAPS);

   friend class VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace;

   friend class TraversePlaceholdersClosure;

   static Dictionary*         dictionary() { return _dictionary; }

   static Dictionary*         shared_dictionary() { return _shared_dictionary; }

   static PlaceholderTable*   placeholders() { return _placeholders; }

   static LoaderConstraintTable* constraints() { return _loader_constraints; }

   static ResolutionErrorTable* resolution_errors() { return _resolution_errors; }

   // Basic loading operations

   static klassOop resolve_instance_class_or_null(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS);

   static klassOop resolve_array_class_or_null(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS);

   static instanceKlassHandle handle_parallel_super_load(symbolHandle class_name, symbolHandle supername, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, Handle lockObject, TRAPS);

   // Wait on SystemDictionary_lock; unlocks lockObject before

   // waiting; relocks lockObject with correct recursion count

   // after waiting, but before reentering SystemDictionary_lock

   // to preserve lock order semantics.

   static void double_lock_wait(Handle lockObject, TRAPS);

   static void define_instance_class(instanceKlassHandle k, TRAPS);

   static instanceKlassHandle find_or_define_instance_class(symbolHandle class_name,

                                                 Handle class_loader,

                                                 instanceKlassHandle k, TRAPS);

   static instanceKlassHandle load_shared_class(symbolHandle class_name,

                                                Handle class_loader, TRAPS);

   static instanceKlassHandle load_shared_class(instanceKlassHandle ik,

                                                Handle class_loader, TRAPS);

   static instanceKlassHandle load_instance_class(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, TRAPS);

   static Handle compute_loader_lock_object(Handle class_loader, TRAPS);

   static void check_loader_lock_contention(Handle loader_lock, TRAPS);

   static klassOop find_shared_class(symbolHandle class_name);

   // Setup link to hierarchy

   static void add_to_hierarchy(instanceKlassHandle k, TRAPS);

 private:

   // We pass in the hashtable index so we can calculate it outside of

   // the SystemDictionary_lock.

   // Basic find on loaded classes

   static klassOop find_class(int index, unsigned int hash,

                              symbolHandle name, Handle loader);

   // Basic find on classes in the midst of being loaded

   static symbolOop find_placeholder(int index, unsigned int hash,

                                     symbolHandle name, Handle loader);

   // Basic find operation of loaded classes and classes in the midst

   // of loading;  used for assertions and verification only.

   static oop find_class_or_placeholder(symbolHandle class_name,

                                        Handle class_loader);

   // Updating entry in dictionary

   // Add a completely loaded class

   static void add_klass(int index, symbolHandle class_name,

                         Handle class_loader, KlassHandle obj);

   // Add a placeholder for a class being loaded

   static void add_placeholder(int index,

                               symbolHandle class_name,

                               Handle class_loader);

   static void remove_placeholder(int index,

                                  symbolHandle class_name,

                                  Handle class_loader);

   // Performs cleanups after resolve_super_or_fail. This typically needs

   // to be called on failure.

   // Won't throw, but can block.

   static void resolution_cleanups(symbolHandle class_name,

                                   Handle class_loader,

                                   TRAPS);

   // Initialization

   static void initialize_preloaded_classes(TRAPS);

   // Class loader constraints

   static void check_constraints(int index, unsigned int hash,

                                 instanceKlassHandle k, Handle loader,

                                 bool defining, TRAPS);

   static void update_dictionary(int d_index, unsigned int d_hash,

                                 int p_index, unsigned int p_hash,

                                 instanceKlassHandle k, Handle loader, TRAPS);

   // Variables holding commonly used klasses (preloaded)

   static klassOop _object_klass;

   static klassOop _string_klass;

   static klassOop _class_klass;

   static klassOop _cloneable_klass;

   static klassOop _classloader_klass;

   static klassOop _serializable_klass;

   static klassOop _system_klass;

   static klassOop _throwable_klass;

   static klassOop _error_klass;

   static klassOop _threaddeath_klass;

   static klassOop _exception_klass;

   static klassOop _runtime_exception_klass;

   static klassOop _classNotFoundException_klass;

   static klassOop _noClassDefFoundError_klass;

   static klassOop _linkageError_klass;

   static klassOop _classCastException_klass;

   static klassOop _arrayStoreException_klass;

   static klassOop _virtualMachineError_klass;

   static klassOop _outOfMemoryError_klass;

   static klassOop _StackOverflowError_klass;

   static klassOop _illegalMonitorStateException_klass;

   static klassOop _protectionDomain_klass;

   static klassOop _AccessControlContext_klass;

   static klassOop _reference_klass;

   static klassOop _soft_reference_klass;

   static klassOop _weak_reference_klass;

   static klassOop _final_reference_klass;

   static klassOop _phantom_reference_klass;

   static klassOop _finalizer_klass;

   static klassOop _thread_klass;

   static klassOop _threadGroup_klass;

   static klassOop _properties_klass;

   static klassOop _reflect_accessible_object_klass;

   static klassOop _reflect_field_klass;

   static klassOop _reflect_method_klass;

   static klassOop _reflect_constructor_klass;

   // 1.4 reflection implementation

   static klassOop _reflect_magic_klass;

   static klassOop _reflect_method_accessor_klass;

   static klassOop _reflect_constructor_accessor_klass;

   static klassOop _reflect_delegating_classloader_klass;

   // 1.5 annotations implementation

   static klassOop _reflect_constant_pool_klass;

   static klassOop _reflect_unsafe_static_field_accessor_impl_klass;

   static klassOop _stringBuffer_klass;

   static klassOop _vector_klass;

   static klassOop _hashtable_klass;

   static klassOop _stackTraceElement_klass;

   static klassOop _java_nio_Buffer_klass;

   static klassOop _sun_misc_AtomicLongCSImpl_klass;

   // KERNEL JRE support.

   static klassOop _sun_jkernel_DownloadManager_klass;

   // Lazily loaded klasses

   static volatile klassOop _abstract_ownable_synchronizer_klass;

   // Box klasses

   static klassOop _boolean_klass;

   static klassOop _char_klass;

   static klassOop _float_klass;

   static klassOop _double_klass;

   static klassOop _byte_klass;

   static klassOop _short_klass;

   static klassOop _int_klass;

   static klassOop _long_klass;

   // table of same

   static klassOop _box_klasses[T_VOID+1];

   static oop  _java_system_loader;

   static bool _has_loadClassInternal;

   static bool _has_checkPackageAccess;

 };