Mercurial > jdk8-mips64-public > hotspot / file revision

 /*

  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

  *

  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

  * published by the Free Software Foundation.

  *

  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that

  * accompanied this code).

  *

  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version

  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,

  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

  *

  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA

  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any

  * questions.

  *

  */

 #include "precompiled.hpp"

 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"

 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"

 #include "classfile/verifier.hpp"

 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"

 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"

 #include "gc_implementation/shared/markSweep.inline.hpp"

 #include "gc_interface/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"

 #include "interpreter/oopMapCache.hpp"

 #include "interpreter/rewriter.hpp"

 #include "jvmtifiles/jvmti.h"

 #include "memory/genOopClosures.inline.hpp"

 #include "memory/heapInspection.hpp"

 #include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"

 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"

 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"

 #include "oops/fieldStreams.hpp"

 #include "oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.hpp"

 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"

 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"

 #include "oops/instanceOop.hpp"

 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"

 #include "oops/method.hpp"

 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"

 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"

 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"

 #include "prims/jvmtiRedefineClassesTrace.hpp"

 #include "prims/jvmtiRedefineClasses.hpp"

 #include "prims/methodComparator.hpp"

 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.hpp"

 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"

 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"

 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"

 #include "runtime/orderAccess.inline.hpp"

 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"

 #include "services/classLoadingService.hpp"

 #include "services/threadService.hpp"

 #include "utilities/dtrace.hpp"

 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"

 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS

 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/cmsOopClosures.inline.hpp"

 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"

 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1OopClosures.inline.hpp"

 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1RemSet.inline.hpp"

 #include "gc_implementation/g1/heapRegionManager.inline.hpp"

 #include "gc_implementation/parNew/parOopClosures.inline.hpp"

 #include "gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/parallelScavengeHeap.inline.hpp"

 #include "gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/psPromotionManager.inline.hpp"

 #include "gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/psScavenge.inline.hpp"

 #include "oops/oop.pcgc.inline.hpp"

 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS

 #ifdef COMPILER1

 #include "c1/c1_Compiler.hpp"

 #endif

 PRAGMA_FORMAT_MUTE_WARNINGS_FOR_GCC

 #ifdef DTRACE_ENABLED

 #ifndef USDT2

 HS_DTRACE_PROBE_DECL4(hotspot, class__initialization__required,

   char*, intptr_t, oop, intptr_t);

 HS_DTRACE_PROBE_DECL5(hotspot, class__initialization__recursive,

   char*, intptr_t, oop, intptr_t, int);

 HS_DTRACE_PROBE_DECL5(hotspot, class__initialization__concurrent,

   char*, intptr_t, oop, intptr_t, int);

 HS_DTRACE_PROBE_DECL5(hotspot, class__initialization__erroneous,

   char*, intptr_t, oop, intptr_t, int);

 HS_DTRACE_PROBE_DECL5(hotspot, class__initialization__super__failed,

   char*, intptr_t, oop, intptr_t, int);

 HS_DTRACE_PROBE_DECL5(hotspot, class__initialization__clinit,

   char*, intptr_t, oop, intptr_t, int);

 HS_DTRACE_PROBE_DECL5(hotspot, class__initialization__error,

   char*, intptr_t, oop, intptr_t, int);

 HS_DTRACE_PROBE_DECL5(hotspot, class__initialization__end,

   char*, intptr_t, oop, intptr_t, int);

 #define DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE(type, clss, thread_type)          \

   {                                                              \

     char* data = NULL;                                           \

     int len = 0;                                                 \

     Symbol* name = (clss)->name();                               \

     if (name != NULL) {                                          \

       data = (char*)name->bytes();                               \

       len = name->utf8_length();                                 \

     }                                                            \

     HS_DTRACE_PROBE4(hotspot, class__initialization__##type,     \

       data, len, SOLARIS_ONLY((void *))(clss)->class_loader(), thread_type);           \

   }

 #define DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE_WAIT(type, clss, thread_type, wait) \

   {                                                              \

     char* data = NULL;                                           \

     int len = 0;                                                 \

     Symbol* name = (clss)->name();                               \

     if (name != NULL) {                                          \

       data = (char*)name->bytes();                               \

       len = name->utf8_length();                                 \

     }                                                            \

     HS_DTRACE_PROBE5(hotspot, class__initialization__##type,     \

       data, len, SOLARIS_ONLY((void *))(clss)->class_loader(), thread_type, wait);     \

   }

 #else /* USDT2 */

 #define HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_required HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_REQUIRED

 #define HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_recursive HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_RECURSIVE

 #define HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_concurrent HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_CONCURRENT

 #define HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_erroneous HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_ERRONEOUS

 #define HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_super__failed HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_SUPER_FAILED

 #define HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_clinit HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_CLINIT

 #define HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_error HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_ERROR

 #define HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_end HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_END

 #define DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE(type, clss, thread_type)          \

   {                                                              \

     char* data = NULL;                                           \

     int len = 0;                                                 \

     Symbol* name = (clss)->name();                               \

     if (name != NULL) {                                          \

       data = (char*)name->bytes();                               \

       len = name->utf8_length();                                 \

     }                                                            \

     HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_##type(                         \

       data, len, (clss)->class_loader(), thread_type);           \

   }

 #define DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE_WAIT(type, clss, thread_type, wait) \

   {                                                              \

     char* data = NULL;                                           \

     int len = 0;                                                 \

     Symbol* name = (clss)->name();                               \

     if (name != NULL) {                                          \

       data = (char*)name->bytes();                               \

       len = name->utf8_length();                                 \

     }                                                            \

     HOTSPOT_CLASS_INITIALIZATION_##type(                         \

       data, len, (clss)->class_loader(), thread_type, wait);     \

   }

 #endif /* USDT2 */

 #else //  ndef DTRACE_ENABLED

 #define DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE(type, clss, thread_type)

 #define DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE_WAIT(type, clss, thread_type, wait)

 #endif //  ndef DTRACE_ENABLED

 volatile int InstanceKlass::_total_instanceKlass_count = 0;

 InstanceKlass* InstanceKlass::allocate_instance_klass(

                                               ClassLoaderData* loader_data,

                                               int vtable_len,

                                               int itable_len,

                                               int static_field_size,

                                               int nonstatic_oop_map_size,

                                               ReferenceType rt,

                                               AccessFlags access_flags,

                                               Symbol* name,

                                               Klass* super_klass,

                                               bool is_anonymous,

                                               TRAPS) {

   int size = InstanceKlass::size(vtable_len, itable_len, nonstatic_oop_map_size,

                                  access_flags.is_interface(), is_anonymous);

   // Allocation

   InstanceKlass* ik;

   if (rt == REF_NONE) {

     if (name == vmSymbols::java_lang_Class()) {

       ik = new (loader_data, size, THREAD) InstanceMirrorKlass(

         vtable_len, itable_len, static_field_size, nonstatic_oop_map_size, rt,

         access_flags, is_anonymous);

     } else if (name == vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassLoader() ||

           (SystemDictionary::ClassLoader_klass_loaded() &&

           super_klass != NULL &&

           super_klass->is_subtype_of(SystemDictionary::ClassLoader_klass()))) {

       ik = new (loader_data, size, THREAD) InstanceClassLoaderKlass(

         vtable_len, itable_len, static_field_size, nonstatic_oop_map_size, rt,

         access_flags, is_anonymous);

     } else {

       // normal class

       ik = new (loader_data, size, THREAD) InstanceKlass(

         vtable_len, itable_len, static_field_size, nonstatic_oop_map_size, rt,

         access_flags, is_anonymous);

     }

   } else {

     // reference klass

     ik = new (loader_data, size, THREAD) InstanceRefKlass(

         vtable_len, itable_len, static_field_size, nonstatic_oop_map_size, rt,

         access_flags, is_anonymous);

   }

   // Check for pending exception before adding to the loader data and incrementing

   // class count.  Can get OOM here.

   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {

     return NULL;

   }

   // Add all classes to our internal class loader list here,

   // including classes in the bootstrap (NULL) class loader.

   loader_data->add_class(ik);

   Atomic::inc(&_total_instanceKlass_count);

   return ik;

 }

 // copy method ordering from resource area to Metaspace

 void InstanceKlass::copy_method_ordering(intArray* m, TRAPS) {

   if (m != NULL) {

     // allocate a new array and copy contents (memcpy?)

     _method_ordering = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(class_loader_data(), m->length(), CHECK);

     for (int i = 0; i < m->length(); i++) {

       _method_ordering->at_put(i, m->at(i));

     }

   } else {

     _method_ordering = Universe::the_empty_int_array();

   }

 }

 // create a new array of vtable_indices for default methods

 Array<int>* InstanceKlass::create_new_default_vtable_indices(int len, TRAPS) {

   Array<int>* vtable_indices = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(class_loader_data(), len, CHECK_NULL);

   assert(default_vtable_indices() == NULL, "only create once");

   set_default_vtable_indices(vtable_indices);

   return vtable_indices;

 }

 InstanceKlass::InstanceKlass(int vtable_len,

                              int itable_len,

                              int static_field_size,

                              int nonstatic_oop_map_size,

                              ReferenceType rt,

                              AccessFlags access_flags,

                              bool is_anonymous) {

   No_Safepoint_Verifier no_safepoint; // until k becomes parsable

   int iksize = InstanceKlass::size(vtable_len, itable_len, nonstatic_oop_map_size,

                                    access_flags.is_interface(), is_anonymous);

   set_vtable_length(vtable_len);

   set_itable_length(itable_len);

   set_static_field_size(static_field_size);

   set_nonstatic_oop_map_size(nonstatic_oop_map_size);

   set_access_flags(access_flags);

   _misc_flags = 0;  // initialize to zero

   set_is_anonymous(is_anonymous);

   assert(size() == iksize, "wrong size for object");

   set_array_klasses(NULL);

   set_methods(NULL);

   set_method_ordering(NULL);

   set_default_methods(NULL);

   set_default_vtable_indices(NULL);

   set_local_interfaces(NULL);

   set_transitive_interfaces(NULL);

   init_implementor();

   set_fields(NULL, 0);

   set_constants(NULL);

   set_class_loader_data(NULL);

   set_source_file_name_index(0);

   set_source_debug_extension(NULL, 0);

   set_array_name(NULL);

   set_inner_classes(NULL);

   set_static_oop_field_count(0);

   set_nonstatic_field_size(0);

   set_is_marked_dependent(false);

   set_has_unloaded_dependent(false);

   set_init_state(InstanceKlass::allocated);

   set_init_thread(NULL);

   set_reference_type(rt);

   set_oop_map_cache(NULL);

   set_jni_ids(NULL);

   set_osr_nmethods_head(NULL);

   set_breakpoints(NULL);

   init_previous_versions();

   set_generic_signature_index(0);

   release_set_methods_jmethod_ids(NULL);

   set_annotations(NULL);

   set_jvmti_cached_class_field_map(NULL);

   set_initial_method_idnum(0);

   _dependencies = NULL;

   set_jvmti_cached_class_field_map(NULL);

   set_cached_class_file(NULL);

   set_initial_method_idnum(0);

   set_minor_version(0);

   set_major_version(0);

   NOT_PRODUCT(_verify_count = 0;)

   // initialize the non-header words to zero

   intptr_t* p = (intptr_t*)this;

   for (int index = InstanceKlass::header_size(); index < iksize; index++) {

     p[index] = NULL_WORD;

   }

   // Set temporary value until parseClassFile updates it with the real instance

   // size.

   set_layout_helper(Klass::instance_layout_helper(0, true));

 }

 void InstanceKlass::deallocate_methods(ClassLoaderData* loader_data,

                                        Array<Method*>* methods) {

   if (methods != NULL && methods != Universe::the_empty_method_array() &&

       !methods->is_shared()) {

     for (int i = 0; i < methods->length(); i++) {

       Method* method = methods->at(i);

       if (method == NULL) continue;  // maybe null if error processing

       // Only want to delete methods that are not executing for RedefineClasses.

       // The previous version will point to them so they're not totally dangling

       assert (!method->on_stack(), "shouldn't be called with methods on stack");

       MetadataFactory::free_metadata(loader_data, method);

     }

     MetadataFactory::free_array<Method*>(loader_data, methods);

   }

 }

 void InstanceKlass::deallocate_interfaces(ClassLoaderData* loader_data,

                                           Klass* super_klass,

                                           Array<Klass*>* local_interfaces,

                                           Array<Klass*>* transitive_interfaces) {

   // Only deallocate transitive interfaces if not empty, same as super class

   // or same as local interfaces.  See code in parseClassFile.

   Array<Klass*>* ti = transitive_interfaces;

   if (ti != Universe::the_empty_klass_array() && ti != local_interfaces) {

     // check that the interfaces don't come from super class

     Array<Klass*>* sti = (super_klass == NULL) ? NULL :

                     InstanceKlass::cast(super_klass)->transitive_interfaces();

     if (ti != sti && ti != NULL && !ti->is_shared()) {

       MetadataFactory::free_array<Klass*>(loader_data, ti);

     }

   }

   // local interfaces can be empty

   if (local_interfaces != Universe::the_empty_klass_array() &&

       local_interfaces != NULL && !local_interfaces->is_shared()) {

     MetadataFactory::free_array<Klass*>(loader_data, local_interfaces);

   }

 }

 // This function deallocates the metadata and C heap pointers that the

 // InstanceKlass points to.

 void InstanceKlass::deallocate_contents(ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {

   // Orphan the mirror first, CMS thinks it's still live.

   if (java_mirror() != NULL) {

     java_lang_Class::set_klass(java_mirror(), NULL);

   }

   // Need to take this class off the class loader data list.

   loader_data->remove_class(this);

   // The array_klass for this class is created later, after error handling.

   // For class redefinition, we keep the original class so this scratch class

   // doesn't have an array class.  Either way, assert that there is nothing

   // to deallocate.

   assert(array_klasses() == NULL, "array classes shouldn't be created for this class yet");

   // Release C heap allocated data that this might point to, which includes

   // reference counting symbol names.

   release_C_heap_structures();

   deallocate_methods(loader_data, methods());

   set_methods(NULL);

   if (method_ordering() != NULL &&

       method_ordering() != Universe::the_empty_int_array() &&

       !method_ordering()->is_shared()) {

     MetadataFactory::free_array<int>(loader_data, method_ordering());

   }

   set_method_ordering(NULL);

   // default methods can be empty

   if (default_methods() != NULL &&

       default_methods() != Universe::the_empty_method_array() &&

       !default_methods()->is_shared()) {

     MetadataFactory::free_array<Method*>(loader_data, default_methods());

   }

   // Do NOT deallocate the default methods, they are owned by superinterfaces.

   set_default_methods(NULL);

   // default methods vtable indices can be empty

   if (default_vtable_indices() != NULL &&

       !default_vtable_indices()->is_shared()) {

     MetadataFactory::free_array<int>(loader_data, default_vtable_indices());

   }

   set_default_vtable_indices(NULL);

   // This array is in Klass, but remove it with the InstanceKlass since

   // this place would be the only caller and it can share memory with transitive

   // interfaces.

   if (secondary_supers() != NULL &&

       secondary_supers() != Universe::the_empty_klass_array() &&

       secondary_supers() != transitive_interfaces() &&

       !secondary_supers()->is_shared()) {

     MetadataFactory::free_array<Klass*>(loader_data, secondary_supers());

   }

   set_secondary_supers(NULL);

   deallocate_interfaces(loader_data, super(), local_interfaces(), transitive_interfaces());

   set_transitive_interfaces(NULL);

   set_local_interfaces(NULL);

   if (fields() != NULL && !fields()->is_shared()) {

     MetadataFactory::free_array<jushort>(loader_data, fields());

   }

   set_fields(NULL, 0);

   // If a method from a redefined class is using this constant pool, don't

   // delete it, yet.  The new class's previous version will point to this.

   if (constants() != NULL) {

     assert (!constants()->on_stack(), "shouldn't be called if anything is onstack");

     if (!constants()->is_shared()) {

       MetadataFactory::free_metadata(loader_data, constants());

     }

     set_constants(NULL);

   }

   if (inner_classes() != NULL &&

       inner_classes() != Universe::the_empty_short_array() &&

       !inner_classes()->is_shared()) {

     MetadataFactory::free_array<jushort>(loader_data, inner_classes());

   }

   set_inner_classes(NULL);

   // We should deallocate the Annotations instance if it's not in shared spaces.

   if (annotations() != NULL && !annotations()->is_shared()) {

     MetadataFactory::free_metadata(loader_data, annotations());

   }

   set_annotations(NULL);

 }

 bool InstanceKlass::should_be_initialized() const {

   return !is_initialized();

 }

 klassVtable* InstanceKlass::vtable() const {

   return new klassVtable(this, start_of_vtable(), vtable_length() / vtableEntry::size());

 }

 klassItable* InstanceKlass::itable() const {

   return new klassItable(instanceKlassHandle(this));

 }

 void InstanceKlass::eager_initialize(Thread *thread) {

   if (!EagerInitialization) return;

   if (this->is_not_initialized()) {

     // abort if the the class has a class initializer

     if (this->class_initializer() != NULL) return;

     // abort if it is java.lang.Object (initialization is handled in genesis)

     Klass* super = this->super();

     if (super == NULL) return;

     // abort if the super class should be initialized

     if (!InstanceKlass::cast(super)->is_initialized()) return;

     // call body to expose the this pointer

     instanceKlassHandle this_oop(thread, this);

     eager_initialize_impl(this_oop);

   }

 }

 // JVMTI spec thinks there are signers and protection domain in the

 // instanceKlass.  These accessors pretend these fields are there.

 // The hprof specification also thinks these fields are in InstanceKlass.

 oop InstanceKlass::protection_domain() const {

   // return the protection_domain from the mirror

   return java_lang_Class::protection_domain(java_mirror());

 }

 // To remove these from requires an incompatible change and CCC request.

 objArrayOop InstanceKlass::signers() const {

   // return the signers from the mirror

   return java_lang_Class::signers(java_mirror());

 }

 oop InstanceKlass::init_lock() const {

   // return the init lock from the mirror

   oop lock = java_lang_Class::init_lock(java_mirror());

   // Prevent reordering with any access of initialization state

   OrderAccess::loadload();

   assert((oop)lock != NULL || !is_not_initialized(), // initialized or in_error state

          "only fully initialized state can have a null lock");

   return lock;

 }

 // Set the initialization lock to null so the object can be GC'ed.  Any racing

 // threads to get this lock will see a null lock and will not lock.

 // That's okay because they all check for initialized state after getting

 // the lock and return.

 void InstanceKlass::fence_and_clear_init_lock() {

   // make sure previous stores are all done, notably the init_state.

   OrderAccess::storestore();

   java_lang_Class::set_init_lock(java_mirror(), NULL);

   assert(!is_not_initialized(), "class must be initialized now");

 }

 void InstanceKlass::eager_initialize_impl(instanceKlassHandle this_oop) {

   EXCEPTION_MARK;

   oop init_lock = this_oop->init_lock();

   ObjectLocker ol(init_lock, THREAD, init_lock != NULL);

   // abort if someone beat us to the initialization

   if (!this_oop->is_not_initialized()) return;  // note: not equivalent to is_initialized()

   ClassState old_state = this_oop->init_state();

   link_class_impl(this_oop, true, THREAD);

   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {

     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;

     // Abort if linking the class throws an exception.

     // Use a test to avoid redundantly resetting the state if there's

     // no change.  Set_init_state() asserts that state changes make

     // progress, whereas here we might just be spinning in place.

     if( old_state != this_oop->_init_state )

       this_oop->set_init_state (old_state);

   } else {

     // linking successfull, mark class as initialized

     this_oop->set_init_state (fully_initialized);

     this_oop->fence_and_clear_init_lock();

     // trace

     if (TraceClassInitialization) {

       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);

       tty->print_cr("[Initialized %s without side effects]", this_oop->external_name());

     }

   }

 }

 // See "The Virtual Machine Specification" section 2.16.5 for a detailed explanation of the class initialization

 // process. The step comments refers to the procedure described in that section.

 // Note: implementation moved to static method to expose the this pointer.

 void InstanceKlass::initialize(TRAPS) {

   if (this->should_be_initialized()) {

     HandleMark hm(THREAD);

     instanceKlassHandle this_oop(THREAD, this);

     initialize_impl(this_oop, CHECK);

     // Note: at this point the class may be initialized

     //       OR it may be in the state of being initialized

     //       in case of recursive initialization!

   } else {

     assert(is_initialized(), "sanity check");

   }

 }

 bool InstanceKlass::verify_code(

     instanceKlassHandle this_oop, bool throw_verifyerror, TRAPS) {

   // 1) Verify the bytecodes

   Verifier::Mode mode =

     throw_verifyerror ? Verifier::ThrowException : Verifier::NoException;

   return Verifier::verify(this_oop, mode, this_oop->should_verify_class(), CHECK_false);

 }

 // Used exclusively by the shared spaces dump mechanism to prevent

 // classes mapped into the shared regions in new VMs from appearing linked.

 void InstanceKlass::unlink_class() {

   assert(is_linked(), "must be linked");

   _init_state = loaded;

 }

 void InstanceKlass::link_class(TRAPS) {

   assert(is_loaded(), "must be loaded");

   if (!is_linked()) {

     HandleMark hm(THREAD);

     instanceKlassHandle this_oop(THREAD, this);

     link_class_impl(this_oop, true, CHECK);

   }

 }

 // Called to verify that a class can link during initialization, without

 // throwing a VerifyError.

 bool InstanceKlass::link_class_or_fail(TRAPS) {

   assert(is_loaded(), "must be loaded");

   if (!is_linked()) {

     HandleMark hm(THREAD);

     instanceKlassHandle this_oop(THREAD, this);

     link_class_impl(this_oop, false, CHECK_false);

   }

   return is_linked();

 }

 bool InstanceKlass::link_class_impl(

     instanceKlassHandle this_oop, bool throw_verifyerror, TRAPS) {

   // check for error state

   if (this_oop->is_in_error_state()) {

     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);

     THROW_MSG_(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoClassDefFoundError(),

                this_oop->external_name(), false);

   }

   // return if already verified

   if (this_oop->is_linked()) {

     return true;

   }

   // Timing

   // timer handles recursion

   assert(THREAD->is_Java_thread(), "non-JavaThread in link_class_impl");

   JavaThread* jt = (JavaThread*)THREAD;

   // link super class before linking this class

   instanceKlassHandle super(THREAD, this_oop->super());

   if (super.not_null()) {

     if (super->is_interface()) {  // check if super class is an interface

       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);

       Exceptions::fthrow(

         THREAD_AND_LOCATION,

         vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(),

         "class %s has interface %s as super class",

         this_oop->external_name(),

         super->external_name()

       );

       return false;

     }

     link_class_impl(super, throw_verifyerror, CHECK_false);

   }

   // link all interfaces implemented by this class before linking this class

   Array<Klass*>* interfaces = this_oop->local_interfaces();

   int num_interfaces = interfaces->length();

   for (int index = 0; index < num_interfaces; index++) {

     HandleMark hm(THREAD);

     instanceKlassHandle ih(THREAD, interfaces->at(index));

     link_class_impl(ih, throw_verifyerror, CHECK_false);

   }

   // in case the class is linked in the process of linking its superclasses

   if (this_oop->is_linked()) {

     return true;

   }

   // trace only the link time for this klass that includes

   // the verification time

   PerfClassTraceTime vmtimer(ClassLoader::perf_class_link_time(),

                              ClassLoader::perf_class_link_selftime(),

                              ClassLoader::perf_classes_linked(),

                              jt->get_thread_stat()->perf_recursion_counts_addr(),

                              jt->get_thread_stat()->perf_timers_addr(),

                              PerfClassTraceTime::CLASS_LINK);

   // verification & rewriting

   {

     oop init_lock = this_oop->init_lock();

     ObjectLocker ol(init_lock, THREAD, init_lock != NULL);

     // rewritten will have been set if loader constraint error found

     // on an earlier link attempt

     // don't verify or rewrite if already rewritten

     if (!this_oop->is_linked()) {

       if (!this_oop->is_rewritten()) {

         {

           // Timer includes any side effects of class verification (resolution,

           // etc), but not recursive entry into verify_code().

           PerfClassTraceTime timer(ClassLoader::perf_class_verify_time(),

                                    ClassLoader::perf_class_verify_selftime(),

                                    ClassLoader::perf_classes_verified(),

                                    jt->get_thread_stat()->perf_recursion_counts_addr(),

                                    jt->get_thread_stat()->perf_timers_addr(),

                                    PerfClassTraceTime::CLASS_VERIFY);

           bool verify_ok = verify_code(this_oop, throw_verifyerror, THREAD);

           if (!verify_ok) {

             return false;

           }

         }

         // Just in case a side-effect of verify linked this class already

         // (which can sometimes happen since the verifier loads classes

         // using custom class loaders, which are free to initialize things)

         if (this_oop->is_linked()) {

           return true;

         }

         // also sets rewritten

         this_oop->rewrite_class(CHECK_false);

       }

       // relocate jsrs and link methods after they are all rewritten

       this_oop->link_methods(CHECK_false);

       // Initialize the vtable and interface table after

       // methods have been rewritten since rewrite may

       // fabricate new Method*s.

       // also does loader constraint checking

       if (!this_oop()->is_shared()) {

         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);

         this_oop->vtable()->initialize_vtable(true, CHECK_false);

         this_oop->itable()->initialize_itable(true, CHECK_false);

       }

 #ifdef ASSERT

       else {

         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);

         this_oop->vtable()->verify(tty, true);

         // In case itable verification is ever added.

         // this_oop->itable()->verify(tty, true);

       }

 #endif

       this_oop->set_init_state(linked);

       if (JvmtiExport::should_post_class_prepare()) {

         Thread *thread = THREAD;

         assert(thread->is_Java_thread(), "thread->is_Java_thread()");

         JvmtiExport::post_class_prepare((JavaThread *) thread, this_oop());

       }

     }

   }

   return true;

 }

 // Rewrite the byte codes of all of the methods of a class.

 // The rewriter must be called exactly once. Rewriting must happen after

 // verification but before the first method of the class is executed.

 void InstanceKlass::rewrite_class(TRAPS) {

   assert(is_loaded(), "must be loaded");

   instanceKlassHandle this_oop(THREAD, this);

   if (this_oop->is_rewritten()) {

     assert(this_oop()->is_shared(), "rewriting an unshared class?");

     return;

   }

   Rewriter::rewrite(this_oop, CHECK);

   this_oop->set_rewritten();

 }

 // Now relocate and link method entry points after class is rewritten.

 // This is outside is_rewritten flag. In case of an exception, it can be

 // executed more than once.

 void InstanceKlass::link_methods(TRAPS) {

   int len = methods()->length();

   for (int i = len-1; i >= 0; i--) {

     methodHandle m(THREAD, methods()->at(i));

     // Set up method entry points for compiler and interpreter    .

     m->link_method(m, CHECK);

     // This is for JVMTI and unrelated to relocator but the last thing we do

 #ifdef ASSERT

     if (StressMethodComparator) {

       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);

       static int nmc = 0;

       for (int j = i; j >= 0 && j >= i-4; j--) {

         if ((++nmc % 1000) == 0)  tty->print_cr("Have run MethodComparator %d times...", nmc);

         bool z = MethodComparator::methods_EMCP(m(),

                    methods()->at(j));

         if (j == i && !z) {

           tty->print("MethodComparator FAIL: "); m->print(); m->print_codes();

           assert(z, "method must compare equal to itself");

         }

       }

     }

 #endif //ASSERT

   }

 }

 // Eagerly initialize superinterfaces that declare default methods (concrete instance: any access)

 void InstanceKlass::initialize_super_interfaces(instanceKlassHandle this_oop, TRAPS) {

   if (this_oop->has_default_methods()) {

     for (int i = 0; i < this_oop->local_interfaces()->length(); ++i) {

       Klass* iface = this_oop->local_interfaces()->at(i);

       InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(iface);

       if (ik->should_be_initialized()) {

         if (ik->has_default_methods()) {

           ik->initialize_super_interfaces(ik, THREAD);

         }

         // Only initialize() interfaces that "declare" concrete methods.

         // has_default_methods drives searching superinterfaces since it

         // means has_default_methods in its superinterface hierarchy

         if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION && ik->declares_default_methods()) {

           ik->initialize(THREAD);

         }

         if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {

           Handle e(THREAD, PENDING_EXCEPTION);

           CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;

           {

             EXCEPTION_MARK;

             // Locks object, set state, and notify all waiting threads

             this_oop->set_initialization_state_and_notify(

                 initialization_error, THREAD);

             // ignore any exception thrown, superclass initialization error is

             // thrown below

             CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;

           }

           THROW_OOP(e());

         }

       }

     }

   }

 }

 void InstanceKlass::initialize_impl(instanceKlassHandle this_oop, TRAPS) {

   // Make sure klass is linked (verified) before initialization

   // A class could already be verified, since it has been reflected upon.

   this_oop->link_class(CHECK);

   DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE(required, InstanceKlass::cast(this_oop()), -1);

   bool wait = false;

   // refer to the JVM book page 47 for description of steps

   // Step 1

   {

     oop init_lock = this_oop->init_lock();

     ObjectLocker ol(init_lock, THREAD, init_lock != NULL);

     Thread *self = THREAD; // it's passed the current thread

     // Step 2

     // If we were to use wait() instead of waitInterruptibly() then

     // we might end up throwing IE from link/symbol resolution sites

     // that aren't expected to throw.  This would wreak havoc.  See 6320309.

     while(this_oop->is_being_initialized() && !this_oop->is_reentrant_initialization(self)) {

         wait = true;

       ol.waitUninterruptibly(CHECK);

     }

     // Step 3

     if (this_oop->is_being_initialized() && this_oop->is_reentrant_initialization(self)) {

       DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE_WAIT(recursive, InstanceKlass::cast(this_oop()), -1,wait);

       return;

     }

     // Step 4

     if (this_oop->is_initialized()) {

       DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE_WAIT(concurrent, InstanceKlass::cast(this_oop()), -1,wait);

       return;

     }

     // Step 5

     if (this_oop->is_in_error_state()) {

       DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE_WAIT(erroneous, InstanceKlass::cast(this_oop()), -1,wait);

       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);

       const char* desc = "Could not initialize class ";

       const char* className = this_oop->external_name();

       size_t msglen = strlen(desc) + strlen(className) + 1;

       char* message = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, msglen);

       if (NULL == message) {

         // Out of memory: can't create detailed error message

         THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoClassDefFoundError(), className);

       } else {

         jio_snprintf(message, msglen, "%s%s", desc, className);

         THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoClassDefFoundError(), message);

       }

     }

     // Step 6

     this_oop->set_init_state(being_initialized);

     this_oop->set_init_thread(self);

   }

   // Step 7

   Klass* super_klass = this_oop->super();

   if (super_klass != NULL && !this_oop->is_interface() && super_klass->should_be_initialized()) {

     super_klass->initialize(THREAD);

     if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {

       Handle e(THREAD, PENDING_EXCEPTION);

       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;

       {

         EXCEPTION_MARK;

         this_oop->set_initialization_state_and_notify(initialization_error, THREAD); // Locks object, set state, and notify all waiting threads

         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;   // ignore any exception thrown, superclass initialization error is thrown below

       }

       DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE_WAIT(super__failed, InstanceKlass::cast(this_oop()), -1,wait);

       THROW_OOP(e());

     }

   }

   // Recursively initialize any superinterfaces that declare default methods

   // Only need to recurse if has_default_methods which includes declaring and

   // inheriting default methods

   if (this_oop->has_default_methods()) {

     this_oop->initialize_super_interfaces(this_oop, CHECK);

   }

   // Step 8

   {

     assert(THREAD->is_Java_thread(), "non-JavaThread in initialize_impl");

     JavaThread* jt = (JavaThread*)THREAD;

     DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE_WAIT(clinit, InstanceKlass::cast(this_oop()), -1,wait);

     // Timer includes any side effects of class initialization (resolution,

     // etc), but not recursive entry into call_class_initializer().

     PerfClassTraceTime timer(ClassLoader::perf_class_init_time(),

                              ClassLoader::perf_class_init_selftime(),

                              ClassLoader::perf_classes_inited(),

                              jt->get_thread_stat()->perf_recursion_counts_addr(),

                              jt->get_thread_stat()->perf_timers_addr(),

                              PerfClassTraceTime::CLASS_CLINIT);

     this_oop->call_class_initializer(THREAD);

   }

   // Step 9

   if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {

     this_oop->set_initialization_state_and_notify(fully_initialized, CHECK);

     { ResourceMark rm(THREAD);

       debug_only(this_oop->vtable()->verify(tty, true);)

     }

   }

   else {

     // Step 10 and 11

     Handle e(THREAD, PENDING_EXCEPTION);

     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;

     {

       EXCEPTION_MARK;

       this_oop->set_initialization_state_and_notify(initialization_error, THREAD);

       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;   // ignore any exception thrown, class initialization error is thrown below

     }

     DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE_WAIT(error, InstanceKlass::cast(this_oop()), -1,wait);

     if (e->is_a(SystemDictionary::Error_klass())) {

       THROW_OOP(e());

     } else {

       JavaCallArguments args(e);

       THROW_ARG(vmSymbols::java_lang_ExceptionInInitializerError(),

                 vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),

                 &args);

     }

   }

   DTRACE_CLASSINIT_PROBE_WAIT(end, InstanceKlass::cast(this_oop()), -1,wait);

 }

 // Note: implementation moved to static method to expose the this pointer.

 void InstanceKlass::set_initialization_state_and_notify(ClassState state, TRAPS) {

   instanceKlassHandle kh(THREAD, this);

   set_initialization_state_and_notify_impl(kh, state, CHECK);

 }

 void InstanceKlass::set_initialization_state_and_notify_impl(instanceKlassHandle this_oop, ClassState state, TRAPS) {

   oop init_lock = this_oop->init_lock();

   ObjectLocker ol(init_lock, THREAD, init_lock != NULL);

   this_oop->set_init_state(state);

   this_oop->fence_and_clear_init_lock();

   ol.notify_all(CHECK);

 }

 // The embedded _implementor field can only record one implementor.

 // When there are more than one implementors, the _implementor field

 // is set to the interface Klass* itself. Following are the possible

 // values for the _implementor field:

 //   NULL                  - no implementor

 //   implementor Klass*    - one implementor

 //   self                  - more than one implementor

 //

 // The _implementor field only exists for interfaces.

 void InstanceKlass::add_implementor(Klass* k) {

   assert(Compile_lock->owned_by_self(), "");

   assert(is_interface(), "not interface");

   // Filter out my subinterfaces.

   // (Note: Interfaces are never on the subklass list.)

   if (InstanceKlass::cast(k)->is_interface()) return;

   // Filter out subclasses whose supers already implement me.

   // (Note: CHA must walk subclasses of direct implementors

   // in order to locate indirect implementors.)

   Klass* sk = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->super();

   if (sk != NULL && InstanceKlass::cast(sk)->implements_interface(this))

     // We only need to check one immediate superclass, since the

     // implements_interface query looks at transitive_interfaces.

     // Any supers of the super have the same (or fewer) transitive_interfaces.

     return;

   Klass* ik = implementor();

   if (ik == NULL) {

     set_implementor(k);

   } else if (ik != this) {

     // There is already an implementor. Use itself as an indicator of

     // more than one implementors.

     set_implementor(this);

   }

   // The implementor also implements the transitive_interfaces

   for (int index = 0; index < local_interfaces()->length(); index++) {

     InstanceKlass::cast(local_interfaces()->at(index))->add_implementor(k);

   }

 }

 void InstanceKlass::init_implementor() {

   if (is_interface()) {

     set_implementor(NULL);

   }

 }

 void InstanceKlass::process_interfaces(Thread *thread) {

   // link this class into the implementors list of every interface it implements

   Klass* this_as_klass_oop = this;

   for (int i = local_interfaces()->length() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {

     assert(local_interfaces()->at(i)->is_klass(), "must be a klass");

     InstanceKlass* interf = InstanceKlass::cast(local_interfaces()->at(i));

     assert(interf->is_interface(), "expected interface");

     interf->add_implementor(this_as_klass_oop);

   }

 }

 bool InstanceKlass::can_be_primary_super_slow() const {

   if (is_interface())

     return false;

   else

     return Klass::can_be_primary_super_slow();

 }

 GrowableArray<Klass*>* InstanceKlass::compute_secondary_supers(int num_extra_slots) {

   // The secondaries are the implemented interfaces.

   InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(this);

   Array<Klass*>* interfaces = ik->transitive_interfaces();

   int num_secondaries = num_extra_slots + interfaces->length();

   if (num_secondaries == 0) {

     // Must share this for correct bootstrapping!

     set_secondary_supers(Universe::the_empty_klass_array());

     return NULL;

   } else if (num_extra_slots == 0) {

     // The secondary super list is exactly the same as the transitive interfaces.

     // Redefine classes has to be careful not to delete this!

     set_secondary_supers(interfaces);

     return NULL;

   } else {

     // Copy transitive interfaces to a temporary growable array to be constructed

     // into the secondary super list with extra slots.

     GrowableArray<Klass*>* secondaries = new GrowableArray<Klass*>(interfaces->length());

     for (int i = 0; i < interfaces->length(); i++) {

       secondaries->push(interfaces->at(i));

     }

     return secondaries;

   }

 }

 bool InstanceKlass::compute_is_subtype_of(Klass* k) {

   if (k->is_interface()) {

     return implements_interface(k);

   } else {

     return Klass::compute_is_subtype_of(k);

   }

 }

 bool InstanceKlass::implements_interface(Klass* k) const {

   if (this == k) return true;

   assert(k->is_interface(), "should be an interface class");

   for (int i = 0; i < transitive_interfaces()->length(); i++) {

     if (transitive_interfaces()->at(i) == k) {

       return true;

     }

   }

   return false;

 }

 bool InstanceKlass::is_same_or_direct_interface(Klass *k) const {

   // Verify direct super interface

   if (this == k) return true;

   assert(k->is_interface(), "should be an interface class");

   for (int i = 0; i < local_interfaces()->length(); i++) {

     if (local_interfaces()->at(i) == k) {

       return true;

     }

   }

   return false;

 }

 objArrayOop InstanceKlass::allocate_objArray(int n, int length, TRAPS) {

   if (length < 0) THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException());

   if (length > arrayOopDesc::max_array_length(T_OBJECT)) {

     report_java_out_of_memory("Requested array size exceeds VM limit");

     JvmtiExport::post_array_size_exhausted();

     THROW_OOP_0(Universe::out_of_memory_error_array_size());

   }

   int size = objArrayOopDesc::object_size(length);

   Klass* ak = array_klass(n, CHECK_NULL);

   KlassHandle h_ak (THREAD, ak);

   objArrayOop o =

     (objArrayOop)CollectedHeap::array_allocate(h_ak, size, length, CHECK_NULL);

   return o;

 }

 instanceOop InstanceKlass::register_finalizer(instanceOop i, TRAPS) {

   if (TraceFinalizerRegistration) {

     tty->print("Registered ");

     i->print_value_on(tty);

     tty->print_cr(" (" INTPTR_FORMAT ") as finalizable", (address)i);

   }

   instanceHandle h_i(THREAD, i);

   // Pass the handle as argument, JavaCalls::call expects oop as jobjects

   JavaValue result(T_VOID);

   JavaCallArguments args(h_i);

   methodHandle mh (THREAD, Universe::finalizer_register_method());

   JavaCalls::call(&result, mh, &args, CHECK_NULL);

   return h_i();

 }

 instanceOop InstanceKlass::allocate_instance(TRAPS) {

   bool has_finalizer_flag = has_finalizer(); // Query before possible GC

   int size = size_helper();  // Query before forming handle.

   KlassHandle h_k(THREAD, this);

   instanceOop i;

   i = (instanceOop)CollectedHeap::obj_allocate(h_k, size, CHECK_NULL);

   if (has_finalizer_flag && !RegisterFinalizersAtInit) {

     i = register_finalizer(i, CHECK_NULL);

   }

   return i;

 }

 void InstanceKlass::check_valid_for_instantiation(bool throwError, TRAPS) {

   if (is_interface() || is_abstract()) {

     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);

     THROW_MSG(throwError ? vmSymbols::java_lang_InstantiationError()

               : vmSymbols::java_lang_InstantiationException(), external_name());

   }

   if (this == SystemDictionary::Class_klass()) {

     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);

     THROW_MSG(throwError ? vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError()

               : vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessException(), external_name());

   }

 }

 Klass* InstanceKlass::array_klass_impl(bool or_null, int n, TRAPS) {

   instanceKlassHandle this_oop(THREAD, this);

   return array_klass_impl(this_oop, or_null, n, THREAD);

 }

 Klass* InstanceKlass::array_klass_impl(instanceKlassHandle this_oop, bool or_null, int n, TRAPS) {

   if (this_oop->array_klasses() == NULL) {

     if (or_null) return NULL;

     ResourceMark rm;

     JavaThread *jt = (JavaThread *)THREAD;

     {

       // Atomic creation of array_klasses

       MutexLocker mc(Compile_lock, THREAD);   // for vtables

       MutexLocker ma(MultiArray_lock, THREAD);

       // Check if update has already taken place

       if (this_oop->array_klasses() == NULL) {

         Klass*    k = ObjArrayKlass::allocate_objArray_klass(this_oop->class_loader_data(), 1, this_oop, CHECK_NULL);

         this_oop->set_array_klasses(k);

       }

     }

   }

   // _this will always be set at this point

   ObjArrayKlass* oak = (ObjArrayKlass*)this_oop->array_klasses();

   if (or_null) {

     return oak->array_klass_or_null(n);

   }

   return oak->array_klass(n, CHECK_NULL);

 }

 Klass* InstanceKlass::array_klass_impl(bool or_null, TRAPS) {

   return array_klass_impl(or_null, 1, THREAD);

 }

 void InstanceKlass::call_class_initializer(TRAPS) {

   instanceKlassHandle ik (THREAD, this);

   call_class_initializer_impl(ik, THREAD);

 }

 static int call_class_initializer_impl_counter = 0;   // for debugging

 Method* InstanceKlass::class_initializer() {

   Method* clinit = find_method(

       vmSymbols::class_initializer_name(), vmSymbols::void_method_signature());

   if (clinit != NULL && clinit->has_valid_initializer_flags()) {

     return clinit;

   }

   return NULL;

 }

 void InstanceKlass::call_class_initializer_impl(instanceKlassHandle this_oop, TRAPS) {

   if (ReplayCompiles &&

       (ReplaySuppressInitializers == 1 ||

        ReplaySuppressInitializers >= 2 && this_oop->class_loader() != NULL)) {

     // Hide the existence of the initializer for the purpose of replaying the compile

     return;

   }

   methodHandle h_method(THREAD, this_oop->class_initializer());

   assert(!this_oop->is_initialized(), "we cannot initialize twice");

   if (TraceClassInitialization) {

     tty->print("%d Initializing ", call_class_initializer_impl_counter++);

     this_oop->name()->print_value();

     tty->print_cr("%s (" INTPTR_FORMAT ")", h_method() == NULL ? "(no method)" : "", (address)this_oop());

   }

   if (h_method() != NULL) {

     JavaCallArguments args; // No arguments

     JavaValue result(T_VOID);

     JavaCalls::call(&result, h_method, &args, CHECK); // Static call (no args)

   }

 }

 void InstanceKlass::mask_for(methodHandle method, int bci,

   InterpreterOopMap* entry_for) {

   // Dirty read, then double-check under a lock.

   if (_oop_map_cache == NULL) {

     // Otherwise, allocate a new one.

     MutexLocker x(OopMapCacheAlloc_lock);

     // First time use. Allocate a cache in C heap

     if (_oop_map_cache == NULL) {

       // Release stores from OopMapCache constructor before assignment

       // to _oop_map_cache. C++ compilers on ppc do not emit the

       // required memory barrier only because of the volatile

       // qualifier of _oop_map_cache.

       OrderAccess::release_store_ptr(&_oop_map_cache, new OopMapCache());

     }

   }

   // _oop_map_cache is constant after init; lookup below does is own locking.

   _oop_map_cache->lookup(method, bci, entry_for);

 }

 bool InstanceKlass::find_local_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* sig, fieldDescriptor* fd) const {

   for (JavaFieldStream fs(this); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {

     Symbol* f_name = fs.name();

     Symbol* f_sig  = fs.signature();

     if (f_name == name && f_sig == sig) {

       fd->reinitialize(const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(this), fs.index());

       return true;

     }

   }

   return false;

 }

 Klass* InstanceKlass::find_interface_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* sig, fieldDescriptor* fd) const {

   const int n = local_interfaces()->length();

   for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

     Klass* intf1 = local_interfaces()->at(i);

     assert(intf1->is_interface(), "just checking type");

     // search for field in current interface

     if (InstanceKlass::cast(intf1)->find_local_field(name, sig, fd)) {

       assert(fd->is_static(), "interface field must be static");

       return intf1;

     }

     // search for field in direct superinterfaces

     Klass* intf2 = InstanceKlass::cast(intf1)->find_interface_field(name, sig, fd);

     if (intf2 != NULL) return intf2;

   }

   // otherwise field lookup fails

   return NULL;

 }

 Klass* InstanceKlass::find_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* sig, fieldDescriptor* fd) const {

   // search order according to newest JVM spec (5.4.3.2, p.167).

   // 1) search for field in current klass

   if (find_local_field(name, sig, fd)) {

     return const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(this);

   }

   // 2) search for field recursively in direct superinterfaces

   { Klass* intf = find_interface_field(name, sig, fd);

     if (intf != NULL) return intf;

   }

   // 3) apply field lookup recursively if superclass exists

   { Klass* supr = super();

     if (supr != NULL) return InstanceKlass::cast(supr)->find_field(name, sig, fd);

   }

   // 4) otherwise field lookup fails

   return NULL;

 }

 Klass* InstanceKlass::find_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* sig, bool is_static, fieldDescriptor* fd) const {

   // search order according to newest JVM spec (5.4.3.2, p.167).

   // 1) search for field in current klass

   if (find_local_field(name, sig, fd)) {

     if (fd->is_static() == is_static) return const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(this);

   }

   // 2) search for field recursively in direct superinterfaces

   if (is_static) {

     Klass* intf = find_interface_field(name, sig, fd);

     if (intf != NULL) return intf;

   }

   // 3) apply field lookup recursively if superclass exists

   { Klass* supr = super();

     if (supr != NULL) return InstanceKlass::cast(supr)->find_field(name, sig, is_static, fd);

   }

   // 4) otherwise field lookup fails

   return NULL;

 }

 bool InstanceKlass::find_local_field_from_offset(int offset, bool is_static, fieldDescriptor* fd) const {

   for (JavaFieldStream fs(this); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {

     if (fs.offset() == offset) {

       fd->reinitialize(const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(this), fs.index());

       if (fd->is_static() == is_static) return true;

     }

   }

   return false;

 }

 bool InstanceKlass::find_field_from_offset(int offset, bool is_static, fieldDescriptor* fd) const {

   Klass* klass = const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(this);

   while (klass != NULL) {

     if (InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->find_local_field_from_offset(offset, is_static, fd)) {

       return true;

     }

     klass = klass->super();

   }

   return false;

 }

 void InstanceKlass::methods_do(void f(Method* method)) {

   int len = methods()->length();

   for (int index = 0; index < len; index++) {

     Method* m = methods()->at(index);

     assert(m->is_method(), "must be method");

     f(m);

   }

 }

 void InstanceKlass::do_local_static_fields(FieldClosure* cl) {

   for (JavaFieldStream fs(this); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {

     if (fs.access_flags().is_static()) {

       fieldDescriptor& fd = fs.field_descriptor();

       cl->do_field(&fd);

     }

   }

 }

 void InstanceKlass::do_local_static_fields(void f(fieldDescriptor*, Handle, TRAPS), Handle mirror, TRAPS) {

   instanceKlassHandle h_this(THREAD, this);

   do_local_static_fields_impl(h_this, f, mirror, CHECK);

 }

 void InstanceKlass::do_local_static_fields_impl(instanceKlassHandle this_k,

                              void f(fieldDescriptor* fd, Handle mirror, TRAPS), Handle mirror, TRAPS) {

   for (JavaFieldStream fs(this_k()); !fs.done(); fs.next()) {

     if (fs.access_flags().is_static()) {

       fieldDescriptor& fd = fs.field_descriptor();

       f(&fd, mirror, CHECK);

     }

   }

 }

 static int compare_fields_by_offset(int* a, int* b) {

   return a[0] - b[0];

 }

 void InstanceKlass::do_nonstatic_fields(FieldClosure* cl) {

   InstanceKlass* super = superklass();

   if (super != NULL) {

     super->do_nonstatic_fields(cl);

   }

   fieldDescriptor fd;

   int length = java_fields_count();

   // In DebugInfo nonstatic fields are sorted by offset.

   int* fields_sorted = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(int, 2*(length+1), mtClass);

   int j = 0;

   for (int i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {

     fd.reinitialize(this, i);

     if (!fd.is_static()) {

       fields_sorted[j + 0] = fd.offset();

       fields_sorted[j + 1] = i;

       j += 2;

     }

   }

   if (j > 0) {

     length = j;

     // _sort_Fn is defined in growableArray.hpp.

     qsort(fields_sorted, length/2, 2*sizeof(int), (_sort_Fn)compare_fields_by_offset);

     for (int i = 0; i < length; i += 2) {

       fd.reinitialize(this, fields_sorted[i + 1]);

       assert(!fd.is_static() && fd.offset() == fields_sorted[i], "only nonstatic fields");

       cl->do_field(&fd);

     }

   }

   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(int, fields_sorted, mtClass);

 }

 void InstanceKlass::array_klasses_do(void f(Klass* k, TRAPS), TRAPS) {

   if (array_klasses() != NULL)

     ArrayKlass::cast(array_klasses())->array_klasses_do(f, THREAD);

 }

 void InstanceKlass::array_klasses_do(void f(Klass* k)) {

   if (array_klasses() != NULL)

     ArrayKlass::cast(array_klasses())->array_klasses_do(f);

 }

 #ifdef ASSERT

 static int linear_search(Array<Method*>* methods, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature) {

   int len = methods->length();

   for (int index = 0; index < len; index++) {

     Method* m = methods->at(index);

     assert(m->is_method(), "must be method");

     if (m->signature() == signature && m->name() == name) {

        return index;

     }

   }

   return -1;

 }

 #endif

 static int binary_search(Array<Method*>* methods, Symbol* name) {

   int len = methods->length();

   // methods are sorted, so do binary search

   int l = 0;

   int h = len - 1;

   while (l <= h) {

     int mid = (l + h) >> 1;

     Method* m = methods->at(mid);

     assert(m->is_method(), "must be method");

     int res = m->name()->fast_compare(name);

     if (res == 0) {

       return mid;

     } else if (res < 0) {

       l = mid + 1;

     } else {

       h = mid - 1;

     }

   }

   return -1;

 }

 // find_method looks up the name/signature in the local methods array

 Method* InstanceKlass::find_method(Symbol* name, Symbol* signature) const {

   return find_method_impl(name, signature, false);

 }

 Method* InstanceKlass::find_method_impl(Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, bool skipping_overpass) const {

   return InstanceKlass::find_method_impl(methods(), name, signature, skipping_overpass);

 }

 // find_instance_method looks up the name/signature in the local methods array

 // and skips over static methods

 Method* InstanceKlass::find_instance_method(

     Array<Method*>* methods, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature) {

   Method* meth = InstanceKlass::find_method(methods, name, signature);

   if (meth != NULL && meth->is_static()) {

       meth = NULL;

   }

   return meth;

 }

 // find_method looks up the name/signature in the local methods array

 Method* InstanceKlass::find_method(

     Array<Method*>* methods, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature) {

   return InstanceKlass::find_method_impl(methods, name, signature, false);

 }

 Method* InstanceKlass::find_method_impl(

     Array<Method*>* methods, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, bool skipping_overpass) {

   int hit = find_method_index(methods, name, signature, skipping_overpass);

   return hit >= 0 ? methods->at(hit): NULL;

 }

 // Used directly for default_methods to find the index into the

 // default_vtable_indices, and indirectly by find_method

 // find_method_index looks in the local methods array to return the index

 // of the matching name/signature. If, overpass methods are being ignored,

 // the search continues to find a potential non-overpass match.  This capability

 // is important during method resolution to prefer a static method, for example,

 // over an overpass method.

 int InstanceKlass::find_method_index(

     Array<Method*>* methods, Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, bool skipping_overpass) {

   int hit = binary_search(methods, name);

   if (hit != -1) {

     Method* m = methods->at(hit);

     // Do linear search to find matching signature.  First, quick check

     // for common case, ignoring overpasses if requested.

     if ((m->signature() == signature) && (!skipping_overpass || !m->is_overpass())) return hit;

     // search downwards through overloaded methods

     int i;

     for (i = hit - 1; i >= 0; --i) {

         Method* m = methods->at(i);

         assert(m->is_method(), "must be method");

         if (m->name() != name) break;

         if ((m->signature() == signature) && (!skipping_overpass || !m->is_overpass())) return i;

     }

     // search upwards

     for (i = hit + 1; i < methods->length(); ++i) {

         Method* m = methods->at(i);

         assert(m->is_method(), "must be method");

         if (m->name() != name) break;

         if ((m->signature() == signature) && (!skipping_overpass || !m->is_overpass())) return i;

     }

     // not found

 #ifdef ASSERT

     int index = skipping_overpass ? -1 : linear_search(methods, name, signature);

     assert(index == -1, err_msg("binary search should have found entry %d", index));

 #endif

   }

   return -1;

 }

 int InstanceKlass::find_method_by_name(Symbol* name, int* end) {

   return find_method_by_name(methods(), name, end);

 }

 int InstanceKlass::find_method_by_name(

     Array<Method*>* methods, Symbol* name, int* end_ptr) {

   assert(end_ptr != NULL, "just checking");

   int start = binary_search(methods, name);

   int end = start + 1;

   if (start != -1) {

     while (start - 1 >= 0 && (methods->at(start - 1))->name() == name) --start;

     while (end < methods->length() && (methods->at(end))->name() == name) ++end;

     *end_ptr = end;

     return start;

   }

   return -1;

 }

 // uncached_lookup_method searches both the local class methods array and all

 // superclasses methods arrays, skipping any overpass methods in superclasses.

 Method* InstanceKlass::uncached_lookup_method(Symbol* name, Symbol* signature, MethodLookupMode mode) const {

   MethodLookupMode lookup_mode = mode;

   Klass* klass = const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(this);

   while (klass != NULL) {

     Method* method = InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->find_method_impl(name, signature, (lookup_mode == skip_overpass));

     if (method != NULL) {

       return method;

     }

     klass = InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->super();

     lookup_mode = skip_overpass;   // Always ignore overpass methods in superclasses

   }

   return NULL;

 }

 // lookup a method in the default methods list then in all transitive interfaces

 // Do NOT return private or static methods

 Method* InstanceKlass::lookup_method_in_ordered_interfaces(Symbol* name,

                                                          Symbol* signature) const {

   Method* m = NULL;

   if (default_methods() != NULL) {

     m = find_method(default_methods(), name, signature);

   }

   // Look up interfaces

   if (m == NULL) {

     m = lookup_method_in_all_interfaces(name, signature, normal);

   }

   return m;

 }

 // lookup a method in all the interfaces that this class implements

 // Do NOT return private or static methods, new in JDK8 which are not externally visible

 // They should only be found in the initial InterfaceMethodRef

 Method* InstanceKlass::lookup_method_in_all_interfaces(Symbol* name,

                                                        Symbol* signature,

                                                        MethodLookupMode mode) const {

   Array<Klass*>* all_ifs = transitive_interfaces();

   int num_ifs = all_ifs->length();

   InstanceKlass *ik = NULL;

   for (int i = 0; i < num_ifs; i++) {

     ik = InstanceKlass::cast(all_ifs->at(i));

     Method* m = ik->lookup_method(name, signature);

     if (m != NULL && m->is_public() && !m->is_static() &&

         ((mode != skip_defaults) || !m->is_default_method())) {

       return m;

     }

   }

   return NULL;

 }

 /* jni_id_for_impl for jfieldIds only */

 JNIid* InstanceKlass::jni_id_for_impl(instanceKlassHandle this_oop, int offset) {

   MutexLocker ml(JfieldIdCreation_lock);

   // Retry lookup after we got the lock

   JNIid* probe = this_oop->jni_ids() == NULL ? NULL : this_oop->jni_ids()->find(offset);

   if (probe == NULL) {

     // Slow case, allocate new static field identifier

     probe = new JNIid(this_oop(), offset, this_oop->jni_ids());

     this_oop->set_jni_ids(probe);

   }

   return probe;

 }

 /* jni_id_for for jfieldIds only */

 JNIid* InstanceKlass::jni_id_for(int offset) {

   JNIid* probe = jni_ids() == NULL ? NULL : jni_ids()->find(offset);

   if (probe == NULL) {

     probe = jni_id_for_impl(this, offset);

   }

   return probe;

 }

 u2 InstanceKlass::enclosing_method_data(int offset) {

   Array<jushort>* inner_class_list = inner_classes();

   if (inner_class_list == NULL) {

     return 0;

   }

   int length = inner_class_list->length();

   if (length % inner_class_next_offset == 0) {

     return 0;

   } else {

     int index = length - enclosing_method_attribute_size;

     assert(offset < enclosing_method_attribute_size, "invalid offset");

     return inner_class_list->at(index + offset);

   }

 }

 void InstanceKlass::set_enclosing_method_indices(u2 class_index,

                                                  u2 method_index) {

   Array<jushort>* inner_class_list = inner_classes();

   assert (inner_class_list != NULL, "_inner_classes list is not set up");

   int length = inner_class_list->length();

   if (length % inner_class_next_offset == enclosing_method_attribute_size) {

     int index = length - enclosing_method_attribute_size;

     inner_class_list->at_put(

       index + enclosing_method_class_index_offset, class_index);

     inner_class_list->at_put(

       index + enclosing_method_method_index_offset, method_index);

   }

 }

 // Lookup or create a jmethodID.

 // This code is called by the VMThread and JavaThreads so the

 // locking has to be done very carefully to avoid deadlocks

 // and/or other cache consistency problems.

 //

 jmethodID InstanceKlass::get_jmethod_id(instanceKlassHandle ik_h, methodHandle method_h) {

   size_t idnum = (size_t)method_h->method_idnum();

   jmethodID* jmeths = ik_h->methods_jmethod_ids_acquire();

   size_t length = 0;

   jmethodID id = NULL;

   // We use a double-check locking idiom here because this cache is

   // performance sensitive. In the normal system, this cache only

   // transitions from NULL to non-NULL which is safe because we use

   // release_set_methods_jmethod_ids() to advertise the new cache.

   // A partially constructed cache should never be seen by a racing

   // thread. We also use release_store_ptr() to save a new jmethodID

   // in the cache so a partially constructed jmethodID should never be

   // seen either. Cache reads of existing jmethodIDs proceed without a

   // lock, but cache writes of a new jmethodID requires uniqueness and

   // creation of the cache itself requires no leaks so a lock is

   // generally acquired in those two cases.

   //

   // If the RedefineClasses() API has been used, then this cache can

   // grow and we'll have transitions from non-NULL to bigger non-NULL.

   // Cache creation requires no leaks and we require safety between all

   // cache accesses and freeing of the old cache so a lock is generally

   // acquired when the RedefineClasses() API has been used.

   if (jmeths != NULL) {

     // the cache already exists

     if (!ik_h->idnum_can_increment()) {

       // the cache can't grow so we can just get the current values

       get_jmethod_id_length_value(jmeths, idnum, &length, &id);

     } else {

       // cache can grow so we have to be more careful

       if (Threads::number_of_threads() == 0 ||

           SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint()) {

         // we're single threaded or at a safepoint - no locking needed

         get_jmethod_id_length_value(jmeths, idnum, &length, &id);

       } else {

         MutexLocker ml(JmethodIdCreation_lock);

         get_jmethod_id_length_value(jmeths, idnum, &length, &id);

       }

     }

   }

   // implied else:

   // we need to allocate a cache so default length and id values are good

   if (jmeths == NULL ||   // no cache yet

       length <= idnum ||  // cache is too short

       id == NULL) {       // cache doesn't contain entry

     // This function can be called by the VMThread so we have to do all

     // things that might block on a safepoint before grabbing the lock.

     // Otherwise, we can deadlock with the VMThread or have a cache

     // consistency issue. These vars keep track of what we might have

     // to free after the lock is dropped.

     jmethodID  to_dealloc_id     = NULL;

     jmethodID* to_dealloc_jmeths = NULL;

     // may not allocate new_jmeths or use it if we allocate it

     jmethodID* new_jmeths = NULL;

     if (length <= idnum) {

       // allocate a new cache that might be used

       size_t size = MAX2(idnum+1, (size_t)ik_h->idnum_allocated_count());

       new_jmeths = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(jmethodID, size+1, mtClass);

       memset(new_jmeths, 0, (size+1)*sizeof(jmethodID));

       // cache size is stored in element[0], other elements offset by one

       new_jmeths[0] = (jmethodID)size;

     }

     // allocate a new jmethodID that might be used

     jmethodID new_id = NULL;

     if (method_h->is_old() && !method_h->is_obsolete()) {

       // The method passed in is old (but not obsolete), we need to use the current version

       Method* current_method = ik_h->method_with_idnum((int)idnum);

       assert(current_method != NULL, "old and but not obsolete, so should exist");

       new_id = Method::make_jmethod_id(ik_h->class_loader_data(), current_method);

     } else {

       // It is the current version of the method or an obsolete method,

       // use the version passed in

       new_id = Method::make_jmethod_id(ik_h->class_loader_data(), method_h());

     }

     if (Threads::number_of_threads() == 0 ||

         SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint()) {

       // we're single threaded or at a safepoint - no locking needed

       id = get_jmethod_id_fetch_or_update(ik_h, idnum, new_id, new_jmeths,

                                           &to_dealloc_id, &to_dealloc_jmeths);

     } else {

       MutexLocker ml(JmethodIdCreation_lock);

       id = get_jmethod_id_fetch_or_update(ik_h, idnum, new_id, new_jmeths,

                                           &to_dealloc_id, &to_dealloc_jmeths);

     }

     // The lock has been dropped so we can free resources.

     // Free up either the old cache or the new cache if we allocated one.

     if (to_dealloc_jmeths != NULL) {

       FreeHeap(to_dealloc_jmeths);

     }

     // free up the new ID since it wasn't needed

     if (to_dealloc_id != NULL) {

       Method::destroy_jmethod_id(ik_h->class_loader_data(), to_dealloc_id);

     }

   }

   return id;

 }

 // Common code to fetch the jmethodID from the cache or update the

 // cache with the new jmethodID. This function should never do anything

 // that causes the caller to go to a safepoint or we can deadlock with

 // the VMThread or have cache consistency issues.

 //

 jmethodID InstanceKlass::get_jmethod_id_fetch_or_update(

             instanceKlassHandle ik_h, size_t idnum, jmethodID new_id,

             jmethodID* new_jmeths, jmethodID* to_dealloc_id_p,

             jmethodID** to_dealloc_jmeths_p) {

   assert(new_id != NULL, "sanity check");

   assert(to_dealloc_id_p != NULL, "sanity check");

   assert(to_dealloc_jmeths_p != NULL, "sanity check");

   assert(Threads::number_of_threads() == 0 ||

          SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint() ||

          JmethodIdCreation_lock->owned_by_self(), "sanity check");

   // reacquire the cache - we are locked, single threaded or at a safepoint

   jmethodID* jmeths = ik_h->methods_jmethod_ids_acquire();

   jmethodID  id     = NULL;

   size_t     length = 0;

   if (jmeths == NULL ||                         // no cache yet

       (length = (size_t)jmeths[0]) <= idnum) {  // cache is too short

     if (jmeths != NULL) {

       // copy any existing entries from the old cache

       for (size_t index = 0; index < length; index++) {

         new_jmeths[index+1] = jmeths[index+1];

       }

       *to_dealloc_jmeths_p = jmeths;  // save old cache for later delete

     }

     ik_h->release_set_methods_jmethod_ids(jmeths = new_jmeths);

   } else {

     // fetch jmethodID (if any) from the existing cache

     id = jmeths[idnum+1];

     *to_dealloc_jmeths_p = new_jmeths;  // save new cache for later delete

   }

   if (id == NULL) {

     // No matching jmethodID in the existing cache or we have a new

     // cache or we just grew the cache. This cache write is done here

     // by the first thread to win the foot race because a jmethodID

     // needs to be unique once it is generally available.

     id = new_id;

     // The jmethodID cache can be read while unlocked so we have to

     // make sure the new jmethodID is complete before installing it

     // in the cache.

     OrderAccess::release_store_ptr(&jmeths[idnum+1], id);

   } else {

     *to_dealloc_id_p = new_id; // save new id for later delete

   }

   return id;

 }

 // Common code to get the jmethodID cache length and the jmethodID

 // value at index idnum if there is one.

 //

 void InstanceKlass::get_jmethod_id_length_value(jmethodID* cache,

        size_t idnum, size_t *length_p, jmethodID* id_p) {

   assert(cache != NULL, "sanity check");

   assert(length_p != NULL, "sanity check");

   assert(id_p != NULL, "sanity check");

   // cache size is stored in element[0], other elements offset by one

   *length_p = (size_t)cache[0];

   if (*length_p <= idnum) {  // cache is too short

     *id_p = NULL;

   } else {

     *id_p = cache[idnum+1];  // fetch jmethodID (if any)

   }

 }

 // Lookup a jmethodID, NULL if not found.  Do no blocking, no allocations, no handles

 jmethodID InstanceKlass::jmethod_id_or_null(Method* method) {

   size_t idnum = (size_t)method->method_idnum();

   jmethodID* jmeths = methods_jmethod_ids_acquire();

   size_t length;                                // length assigned as debugging crumb

   jmethodID id = NULL;

   if (jmeths != NULL &&                         // If there is a cache

       (length = (size_t)jmeths[0]) > idnum) {   // and if it is long enough,

     id = jmeths[idnum+1];                       // Look up the id (may be NULL)

   }

   return id;

 }

 int nmethodBucket::decrement() {

   return Atomic::add(-1, (volatile int *)&_count);

 }

 //

 // Walk the list of dependent nmethods searching for nmethods which

 // are dependent on the changes that were passed in and mark them for

 // deoptimization.  Returns the number of nmethods found.

 //

 int InstanceKlass::mark_dependent_nmethods(DepChange& changes) {

   assert_locked_or_safepoint(CodeCache_lock);

   int found = 0;

   nmethodBucket* b = _dependencies;

   while (b != NULL) {

     nmethod* nm = b->get_nmethod();

     // since dependencies aren't removed until an nmethod becomes a zombie,

     // the dependency list may contain nmethods which aren't alive.

     if (b->count() > 0 && nm->is_alive() && !nm->is_marked_for_deoptimization() && nm->check_dependency_on(changes)) {

       if (TraceDependencies) {

         ResourceMark rm;

         tty->print_cr("Marked for deoptimization");

         tty->print_cr("  context = %s", this->external_name());

         changes.print();

         nm->print();

         nm->print_dependencies();

       }

       nm->mark_for_deoptimization();

       found++;

     }

     b = b->next();

   }

   return found;

 }

 void InstanceKlass::clean_dependent_nmethods() {

   assert_locked_or_safepoint(CodeCache_lock);

   if (has_unloaded_dependent()) {

     nmethodBucket* b = _dependencies;

     nmethodBucket* last = NULL;

     while (b != NULL) {

       assert(b->count() >= 0, err_msg("bucket count: %d", b->count()));

       nmethodBucket* next = b->next();

       if (b->count() == 0) {

         if (last == NULL) {

           _dependencies = next;

         } else {

           last->set_next(next);

         }

         delete b;

         // last stays the same.

       } else {

         last = b;

       }

       b = next;

     }

     set_has_unloaded_dependent(false);

   }

 #ifdef ASSERT

   else {

     // Verification

     for (nmethodBucket* b = _dependencies; b != NULL; b = b->next()) {

       assert(b->count() >= 0, err_msg("bucket count: %d", b->count()));

       assert(b->count() != 0, "empty buckets need to be cleaned");

     }

   }

 #endif

 }

 //

 // Add an nmethodBucket to the list of dependencies for this nmethod.

 // It's possible that an nmethod has multiple dependencies on this klass

 // so a count is kept for each bucket to guarantee that creation and

 // deletion of dependencies is consistent.

 //

 void InstanceKlass::add_dependent_nmethod(nmethod* nm) {

   assert_locked_or_safepoint(CodeCache_lock);

   nmethodBucket* b = _dependencies;

   nmethodBucket* last = NULL;

   while (b != NULL) {

     if (nm == b->get_nmethod()) {

       b->increment();

       return;

     }

     b = b->next();

   }

   _dependencies = new nmethodBucket(nm, _dependencies);

 }

 //

 // Decrement count of the nmethod in the dependency list and remove

 // the bucket competely when the count goes to 0.  This method must

 // find a corresponding bucket otherwise there's a bug in the

 // recording of dependecies.

 //

 void InstanceKlass::remove_dependent_nmethod(nmethod* nm) {

   assert_locked_or_safepoint(CodeCache_lock);

   nmethodBucket* b = _dependencies;

   nmethodBucket* last = NULL;

   while (b != NULL) {

     if (nm == b->get_nmethod()) {

       int val = b->decrement();

       guarantee(val >= 0, err_msg("Underflow: %d", val));

       if (val == 0) {

         set_has_unloaded_dependent(true);

       }

       return;

     }

     last = b;

     b = b->next();

   }

 #ifdef ASSERT

   tty->print_cr("### %s can't find dependent nmethod:", this->external_name());

   nm->print();

 #endif // ASSERT

   ShouldNotReachHere();

 }

 #ifndef PRODUCT

 void InstanceKlass::print_dependent_nmethods(bool verbose) {

   nmethodBucket* b = _dependencies;

   int idx = 0;

   while (b != NULL) {

     nmethod* nm = b->get_nmethod();

     tty->print("[%d] count=%d { ", idx++, b->count());

     if (!verbose) {

       nm->print_on(tty, "nmethod");

       tty->print_cr(" } ");

     } else {

       nm->print();

       nm->print_dependencies();

       tty->print_cr("--- } ");

     }

     b = b->next();

   }

 }

 bool InstanceKlass::is_dependent_nmethod(nmethod* nm) {

   nmethodBucket* b = _dependencies;

   while (b != NULL) {

     if (nm == b->get_nmethod()) {

 #ifdef ASSERT

       int count = b->count();

       assert(count >= 0, err_msg("count shouldn't be negative: %d", count));

 #endif

       return true;

     }

     b = b->next();

   }

   return false;

 }

 #endif //PRODUCT

 // Garbage collection

 #ifdef ASSERT

 template <class T> void assert_is_in(T *p) {

   T heap_oop = oopDesc::load_heap_oop(p);

   if (!oopDesc::is_null(heap_oop)) {

     oop o = oopDesc::decode_heap_oop_not_null(heap_oop);

     assert(Universe::heap()->is_in(o), "should be in heap");

   }

 }

 template <class T> void assert_is_in_closed_subset(T *p) {

   T heap_oop = oopDesc::load_heap_oop(p);

   if (!oopDesc::is_null(heap_oop)) {

     oop o = oopDesc::decode_heap_oop_not_null(heap_oop);

     assert(Universe::heap()->is_in_closed_subset(o),

            err_msg("should be in closed *p " INTPTR_FORMAT " " INTPTR_FORMAT, (address)p, (address)o));

   }

 }

 template <class T> void assert_is_in_reserved(T *p) {

   T heap_oop = oopDesc::load_heap_oop(p);

   if (!oopDesc::is_null(heap_oop)) {

     oop o = oopDesc::decode_heap_oop_not_null(heap_oop);

     assert(Universe::heap()->is_in_reserved(o), "should be in reserved");

   }

 }

 template <class T> void assert_nothing(T *p) {}

 #else

 template <class T> void assert_is_in(T *p) {}

 template <class T> void assert_is_in_closed_subset(T *p) {}

 template <class T> void assert_is_in_reserved(T *p) {}

 template <class T> void assert_nothing(T *p) {}

 #endif // ASSERT

 //

 // Macros that iterate over areas of oops which are specialized on type of

 // oop pointer either narrow or wide, depending on UseCompressedOops

 //

 // Parameters are:

 //   T         - type of oop to point to (either oop or narrowOop)

 //   start_p   - starting pointer for region to iterate over

 //   count     - number of oops or narrowOops to iterate over

 //   do_oop    - action to perform on each oop (it's arbitrary C code which

 //               makes it more efficient to put in a macro rather than making

 //               it a template function)

 //   assert_fn - assert function which is template function because performance

 //               doesn't matter when enabled.

 #define InstanceKlass_SPECIALIZED_OOP_ITERATE( \

   T, start_p, count, do_oop,                \

   assert_fn)                                \

 {                                           \

   T* p         = (T*)(start_p);             \

   T* const end = p + (count);               \

   while (p < end) {                         \

     (assert_fn)(p);                         \

     do_oop;                                 \

     ++p;                                    \

   }                                         \

 }

 #define InstanceKlass_SPECIALIZED_OOP_REVERSE_ITERATE( \

   T, start_p, count, do_oop,                \

   assert_fn)                                \

 {                                           \

   T* const start = (T*)(start_p);           \

   T*       p     = start + (count);         \

   while (start < p) {                       \

     --p;                                    \

     (assert_fn)(p);                         \

     do_oop;                                 \

   }                                         \

 }

 #define InstanceKlass_SPECIALIZED_BOUNDED_OOP_ITERATE( \

   T, start_p, count, low, high,             \

   do_oop, assert_fn)                        \

 {                                           \

   T* const l = (T*)(low);                   \

   T* const h = (T*)(high);                  \

   assert(mask_bits((intptr_t)l, sizeof(T)-1) == 0 && \

          mask_bits((intptr_t)h, sizeof(T)-1) == 0,   \

          "bounded region must be properly aligned"); \

   T* p       = (T*)(start_p);               \

   T* end     = p + (count);                 \

   if (p < l) p = l;                         \

   if (end > h) end = h;                     \

   while (p < end) {                         \

     (assert_fn)(p);                         \

     do_oop;                                 \

     ++p;                                    \

   }                                         \

 }

 // The following macros call specialized macros, passing either oop or

 // narrowOop as the specialization type.  These test the UseCompressedOops

 // flag.

 #define InstanceKlass_OOP_MAP_ITERATE(obj, do_oop, assert_fn)            \

 {                                                                        \

   /* Compute oopmap block range. The common case                         \

      is nonstatic_oop_map_size == 1. */                                  \

   OopMapBlock* map           = start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();            \

   OopMapBlock* const end_map = map + nonstatic_oop_map_count();          \

   if (UseCompressedOops) {                                               \

     while (map < end_map) {                                              \

       InstanceKlass_SPECIALIZED_OOP_ITERATE(narrowOop,                   \

         obj->obj_field_addr<narrowOop>(map->offset()), map->count(),     \

         do_oop, assert_fn)                                               \

       ++map;                                                             \

     }                                                                    \

   } else {                                                               \

     while (map < end_map) {                                              \

       InstanceKlass_SPECIALIZED_OOP_ITERATE(oop,                         \

         obj->obj_field_addr<oop>(map->offset()), map->count(),           \

         do_oop, assert_fn)                                               \

       ++map;                                                             \

     }                                                                    \

   }                                                                      \

 }

 #define InstanceKlass_OOP_MAP_REVERSE_ITERATE(obj, do_oop, assert_fn)    \

 {                                                                        \

   OopMapBlock* const start_map = start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();          \

   OopMapBlock* map             = start_map + nonstatic_oop_map_count();  \

   if (UseCompressedOops) {                                               \

     while (start_map < map) {                                            \

       --map;                                                             \

       InstanceKlass_SPECIALIZED_OOP_REVERSE_ITERATE(narrowOop,           \

         obj->obj_field_addr<narrowOop>(map->offset()), map->count(),     \

         do_oop, assert_fn)                                               \

     }                                                                    \

   } else {                                                               \

     while (start_map < map) {                                            \

       --map;                                                             \

       InstanceKlass_SPECIALIZED_OOP_REVERSE_ITERATE(oop,                 \

         obj->obj_field_addr<oop>(map->offset()), map->count(),           \

         do_oop, assert_fn)                                               \

     }                                                                    \

   }                                                                      \

 }

 #define InstanceKlass_BOUNDED_OOP_MAP_ITERATE(obj, low, high, do_oop,    \

                                               assert_fn)                 \

 {                                                                        \

   /* Compute oopmap block range. The common case is                      \

      nonstatic_oop_map_size == 1, so we accept the                       \

      usually non-existent extra overhead of examining                    \

      all the maps. */                                                    \

   OopMapBlock* map           = start_of_nonstatic_oop_maps();            \

   OopMapBlock* const end_map = map + nonstatic_oop_map_count();          \

   if (UseCompressedOops) {                                               \

     while (map < end_map) {                                              \

       InstanceKlass_SPECIALIZED_BOUNDED_OOP_ITERATE(narrowOop,           \

         obj->obj_field_addr<narrowOop>(map->offset()), map->count(),     \

         low, high,                                                       \

         do_oop, assert_fn)                                               \

       ++map;                                                             \

     }                                                                    \

   } else {                                                               \

     while (map < end_map) {                                              \

       InstanceKlass_SPECIALIZED_BOUNDED_OOP_ITERATE(oop,                 \

         obj->obj_field_addr<oop>(map->offset()), map->count(),           \

         low, high,                                                       \

         do_oop, assert_fn)                                               \

       ++map;                                                             \

     }                                                                    \

   }                                                                      \

 }

 void InstanceKlass::oop_follow_contents(oop obj) {

   assert(obj != NULL, "can't follow the content of NULL object");

   MarkSweep::follow_klass(obj->klass());

   InstanceKlass_OOP_MAP_ITERATE( \

     obj, \

     MarkSweep::mark_and_push(p), \

     assert_is_in_closed_subset)

 }

 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS

 void InstanceKlass::oop_follow_contents(ParCompactionManager* cm,

                                         oop obj) {

   assert(obj != NULL, "can't follow the content of NULL object");

   PSParallelCompact::follow_klass(cm, obj->klass());

   // Only mark the header and let the scan of the meta-data mark

   // everything else.

   InstanceKlass_OOP_MAP_ITERATE( \

     obj, \

     PSParallelCompact::mark_and_push(cm, p), \

     assert_is_in)

 }

 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS

 // closure's do_metadata() method dictates whether the given closure should be

 // applied to the klass ptr in the object header.

 #define InstanceKlass_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_DEFN(OopClosureType, nv_suffix)        \

                                                                              \

 int InstanceKlass::oop_oop_iterate##nv_suffix(oop obj, OopClosureType* closure) { \

   SpecializationStats::record_iterate_call##nv_suffix(SpecializationStats::ik);\

   /* header */                                                          \

   if_do_metadata_checked(closure, nv_suffix) {                          \

     closure->do_klass##nv_suffix(obj->klass());                         \

   }                                                                     \

   InstanceKlass_OOP_MAP_ITERATE(                                        \

     obj,                                                                \

     SpecializationStats::                                               \

       record_do_oop_call##nv_suffix(SpecializationStats::ik);           \

     (closure)->do_oop##nv_suffix(p),                                    \

     assert_is_in_closed_subset)                                         \

   return size_helper();                                                 \

 }

 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS

 #define InstanceKlass_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_BACKWARDS_DEFN(OopClosureType, nv_suffix) \

                                                                                 \

 int InstanceKlass::oop_oop_iterate_backwards##nv_suffix(oop obj,                \

                                               OopClosureType* closure) {        \

   SpecializationStats::record_iterate_call##nv_suffix(SpecializationStats::ik); \

                                                                                 \

   assert_should_ignore_metadata(closure, nv_suffix);                            \

                                                                                 \

   /* instance variables */                                                      \

   InstanceKlass_OOP_MAP_REVERSE_ITERATE(                                        \

     obj,                                                                        \

     SpecializationStats::record_do_oop_call##nv_suffix(SpecializationStats::ik);\

     (closure)->do_oop##nv_suffix(p),                                            \

     assert_is_in_closed_subset)                                                 \

    return size_helper();                                                        \

 }

 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS

 #define InstanceKlass_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_DEFN_m(OopClosureType, nv_suffix) \

                                                                         \

 int InstanceKlass::oop_oop_iterate##nv_suffix##_m(oop obj,              \

                                                   OopClosureType* closure, \

                                                   MemRegion mr) {          \

   SpecializationStats::record_iterate_call##nv_suffix(SpecializationStats::ik);\

   if_do_metadata_checked(closure, nv_suffix) {                           \

     if (mr.contains(obj)) {                                              \

       closure->do_klass##nv_suffix(obj->klass());                        \

     }                                                                    \

   }                                                                      \

   InstanceKlass_BOUNDED_OOP_MAP_ITERATE(                                 \

     obj, mr.start(), mr.end(),                                           \

     (closure)->do_oop##nv_suffix(p),                                     \

     assert_is_in_closed_subset)                                          \

   return size_helper();                                                  \

 }

 ALL_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_CLOSURES_1(InstanceKlass_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_DEFN)

 ALL_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_CLOSURES_2(InstanceKlass_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_DEFN)

 ALL_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_CLOSURES_1(InstanceKlass_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_DEFN_m)

 ALL_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_CLOSURES_2(InstanceKlass_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_DEFN_m)

 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS

 ALL_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_CLOSURES_1(InstanceKlass_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_BACKWARDS_DEFN)

 ALL_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_CLOSURES_2(InstanceKlass_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_BACKWARDS_DEFN)

 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS

 int InstanceKlass::oop_adjust_pointers(oop obj) {

   int size = size_helper();

   InstanceKlass_OOP_MAP_ITERATE( \

     obj, \

     MarkSweep::adjust_pointer(p), \

     assert_is_in)

   return size;

 }

 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS

 void InstanceKlass::oop_push_contents(PSPromotionManager* pm, oop obj) {

   InstanceKlass_OOP_MAP_REVERSE_ITERATE( \

     obj, \

     if (PSScavenge::should_scavenge(p)) { \

       pm->claim_or_forward_depth(p); \

     }, \

     assert_nothing )

 }

 int InstanceKlass::oop_update_pointers(ParCompactionManager* cm, oop obj) {

   int size = size_helper();

   InstanceKlass_OOP_MAP_ITERATE( \

     obj, \

     PSParallelCompact::adjust_pointer(p), \

     assert_is_in)

   return size;

 }

 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS

 void InstanceKlass::clean_implementors_list(BoolObjectClosure* is_alive) {

   assert(class_loader_data()->is_alive(is_alive), "this klass should be live");

   if (is_interface()) {

     if (ClassUnloading) {

       Klass* impl = implementor();

       if (impl != NULL) {

         if (!impl->is_loader_alive(is_alive)) {

           // remove this guy

           Klass** klass = adr_implementor();

           assert(klass != NULL, "null klass");

           if (klass != NULL) {

             *klass = NULL;

           }

         }

       }

     }

   }

 }

 void InstanceKlass::clean_method_data(BoolObjectClosure* is_alive) {

   for (int m = 0; m < methods()->length(); m++) {

     MethodData* mdo = methods()->at(m)->method_data();

     if (mdo != NULL) {

       mdo->clean_method_data(is_alive);

     }

   }

 }

 static void remove_unshareable_in_class(Klass* k) {

   // remove klass's unshareable info

   k->remove_unshareable_info();

 }

 void InstanceKlass::remove_unshareable_info() {

   Klass::remove_unshareable_info();

   // Unlink the class

   if (is_linked()) {

     unlink_class();

   }

   init_implementor();

   constants()->remove_unshareable_info();

   for (int i = 0; i < methods()->length(); i++) {

     Method* m = methods()->at(i);

     m->remove_unshareable_info();

   }

   // do array classes also.

   array_klasses_do(remove_unshareable_in_class);

 }

 static void restore_unshareable_in_class(Klass* k, TRAPS) {

   // Array classes have null protection domain.

   // --> see ArrayKlass::complete_create_array_klass()

   k->restore_unshareable_info(ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data(), Handle(), CHECK);

 }

 void InstanceKlass::restore_unshareable_info(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS) {

   Klass::restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, protection_domain, CHECK);

   instanceKlassHandle ik(THREAD, this);

   Array<Method*>* methods = ik->methods();

   int num_methods = methods->length();

   for (int index2 = 0; index2 < num_methods; ++index2) {

     methodHandle m(THREAD, methods->at(index2));

     m->restore_unshareable_info(CHECK);

   }

   if (JvmtiExport::has_redefined_a_class()) {

     // Reinitialize vtable because RedefineClasses may have changed some

     // entries in this vtable for super classes so the CDS vtable might

     // point to old or obsolete entries.  RedefineClasses doesn't fix up

     // vtables in the shared system dictionary, only the main one.

     // It also redefines the itable too so fix that too.

     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);

     ik->vtable()->initialize_vtable(false, CHECK);

     ik->itable()->initialize_itable(false, CHECK);

   }

   // restore constant pool resolved references

   ik->constants()->restore_unshareable_info(CHECK);

   ik->array_klasses_do(restore_unshareable_in_class, CHECK);

 }

 // returns true IFF is_in_error_state() has been changed as a result of this call.

 bool InstanceKlass::check_sharing_error_state() {

   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "should only be called during dumping");

   bool old_state = is_in_error_state();

   if (!is_in_error_state()) {

     bool bad = false;

     for (InstanceKlass* sup = java_super(); sup; sup = sup->java_super()) {

       if (sup->is_in_error_state()) {

         bad = true;

         break;

       }

     }

     if (!bad) {

       Array<Klass*>* interfaces = transitive_interfaces();

       for (int i = 0; i < interfaces->length(); i++) {

         Klass* iface = interfaces->at(i);

         if (InstanceKlass::cast(iface)->is_in_error_state()) {

           bad = true;

           break;

         }

       }

     }

     if (bad) {

       set_in_error_state();

     }

   }

   return (old_state != is_in_error_state());

 }

 static void clear_all_breakpoints(Method* m) {

   m->clear_all_breakpoints();

 }

 void InstanceKlass::notify_unload_class(InstanceKlass* ik) {

   // notify the debugger

   if (JvmtiExport::should_post_class_unload()) {

     JvmtiExport::post_class_unload(ik);

   }

   // notify ClassLoadingService of class unload

   ClassLoadingService::notify_class_unloaded(ik);

 }

 void InstanceKlass::release_C_heap_structures(InstanceKlass* ik) {

   // Clean up C heap

   ik->release_C_heap_structures();

   ik->constants()->release_C_heap_structures();

 }

 void InstanceKlass::release_C_heap_structures() {

   // Can't release the constant pool here because the constant pool can be

   // deallocated separately from the InstanceKlass for default methods and

   // redefine classes.

   // Deallocate oop map cache

   if (_oop_map_cache != NULL) {

     delete _oop_map_cache;

     _oop_map_cache = NULL;

   }

   // Deallocate JNI identifiers for jfieldIDs

   JNIid::deallocate(jni_ids());

   set_jni_ids(NULL);

   jmethodID* jmeths = methods_jmethod_ids_acquire();

   if (jmeths != (jmethodID*)NULL) {

     release_set_methods_jmethod_ids(NULL);

     FreeHeap(jmeths);

   }

   // Deallocate MemberNameTable

   {

     Mutex* lock_or_null = SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint() ? NULL : MemberNameTable_lock;

     MutexLockerEx ml(lock_or_null, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);

     MemberNameTable* mnt = member_names();

     if (mnt != NULL) {

       delete mnt;

       set_member_names(NULL);

     }

   }

   // release dependencies

   nmethodBucket* b = _dependencies;

   _dependencies = NULL;

   while (b != NULL) {

     nmethodBucket* next = b->next();

     delete b;

     b = next;

   }

   // Deallocate breakpoint records

   if (breakpoints() != 0x0) {

     methods_do(clear_all_breakpoints);

     assert(breakpoints() == 0x0, "should have cleared breakpoints");

   }

   // deallocate information about previous versions

   if (_previous_versions != NULL) {

     for (int i = _previous_versions->length() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {

       PreviousVersionNode * pv_node = _previous_versions->at(i);

       delete pv_node;

     }

     delete _previous_versions;

     _previous_versions = NULL;

   }

   // deallocate the cached class file

   if (_cached_class_file != NULL) {

     os::free(_cached_class_file, mtClass);

     _cached_class_file = NULL;

   }

   // Decrement symbol reference counts associated with the unloaded class.

   if (_name != NULL) _name->decrement_refcount();

   // unreference array name derived from this class name (arrays of an unloaded

   // class can't be referenced anymore).

   if (_array_name != NULL)  _array_name->decrement_refcount();

   if (_source_debug_extension != NULL) FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, _source_debug_extension, mtClass);

   assert(_total_instanceKlass_count >= 1, "Sanity check");

   Atomic::dec(&_total_instanceKlass_count);

 }

 void InstanceKlass::set_source_debug_extension(char* array, int length) {

   if (array == NULL) {

     _source_debug_extension = NULL;

   } else {

     // Adding one to the attribute length in order to store a null terminator

     // character could cause an overflow because the attribute length is

     // already coded with an u4 in the classfile, but in practice, it's

     // unlikely to happen.

     assert((length+1) > length, "Overflow checking");

     char* sde = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, (length + 1), mtClass);

     for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {

       sde[i] = array[i];

     }

     sde[length] = '\0';

     _source_debug_extension = sde;

   }

 }

 address InstanceKlass::static_field_addr(int offset) {

   return (address)(offset + InstanceMirrorKlass::offset_of_static_fields() + cast_from_oop<intptr_t>(java_mirror()));

 }

 const char* InstanceKlass::signature_name() const {

   int hash_len = 0;

   char hash_buf[40];

   // If this is an anonymous class, append a hash to make the name unique

   if (is_anonymous()) {

     assert(EnableInvokeDynamic, "EnableInvokeDynamic was not set.");

     intptr_t hash = (java_mirror() != NULL) ? java_mirror()->identity_hash() : 0;

     sprintf(hash_buf, "/" UINTX_FORMAT, (uintx)hash);

     hash_len = (int)strlen(hash_buf);

   }

   // Get the internal name as a c string

   const char* src = (const char*) (name()->as_C_string());

   const int src_length = (int)strlen(src);

   char* dest = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, src_length + hash_len + 3);

   // Add L as type indicator

   int dest_index = 0;

   dest[dest_index++] = 'L';

   // Add the actual class name

   for (int src_index = 0; src_index < src_length; ) {

     dest[dest_index++] = src[src_index++];

   }

   // If we have a hash, append it

   for (int hash_index = 0; hash_index < hash_len; ) {

     dest[dest_index++] = hash_buf[hash_index++];

   }

   // Add the semicolon and the NULL

   dest[dest_index++] = ';';

   dest[dest_index] = '\0';

   return dest;

 }

 // different verisons of is_same_class_package

 bool InstanceKlass::is_same_class_package(Klass* class2) {

   Klass* class1 = this;

   oop classloader1 = InstanceKlass::cast(class1)->class_loader();

   Symbol* classname1 = class1->name();

   if (class2->oop_is_objArray()) {

     class2 = ObjArrayKlass::cast(class2)->bottom_klass();

   }

   oop classloader2;

   if (class2->oop_is_instance()) {

     classloader2 = InstanceKlass::cast(class2)->class_loader();

   } else {

     assert(class2->oop_is_typeArray(), "should be type array");

     classloader2 = NULL;

   }

   Symbol* classname2 = class2->name();

   return InstanceKlass::is_same_class_package(classloader1, classname1,

                                               classloader2, classname2);

 }

 bool InstanceKlass::is_same_class_package(oop classloader2, Symbol* classname2) {

   Klass* class1 = this;

   oop classloader1 = InstanceKlass::cast(class1)->class_loader();

   Symbol* classname1 = class1->name();

   return InstanceKlass::is_same_class_package(classloader1, classname1,

                                               classloader2, classname2);

 }

 // return true if two classes are in the same package, classloader

 // and classname information is enough to determine a class's package

 bool InstanceKlass::is_same_class_package(oop class_loader1, Symbol* class_name1,

                                           oop class_loader2, Symbol* class_name2) {

   if (class_loader1 != class_loader2) {

     return false;

   } else if (class_name1 == class_name2) {

     return true;                // skip painful bytewise comparison

   } else {

     ResourceMark rm;

     // The Symbol*'s are in UTF8 encoding. Since we only need to check explicitly

     // for ASCII characters ('/', 'L', '['), we can keep them in UTF8 encoding.

     // Otherwise, we just compare jbyte values between the strings.

     const jbyte *name1 = class_name1->base();

     const jbyte *name2 = class_name2->base();

     const jbyte *last_slash1 = UTF8::strrchr(name1, class_name1->utf8_length(), '/');

     const jbyte *last_slash2 = UTF8::strrchr(name2, class_name2->utf8_length(), '/');

     if ((last_slash1 == NULL) || (last_slash2 == NULL)) {

       // One of the two doesn't have a package.  Only return true

       // if the other one also doesn't have a package.

       return last_slash1 == last_slash2;

     } else {

       // Skip over '['s

       if (*name1 == '[') {

         do {

           name1++;

         } while (*name1 == '[');

         if (*name1 != 'L') {

           // Something is terribly wrong.  Shouldn't be here.

           return false;

         }

       }

       if (*name2 == '[') {

         do {

           name2++;

         } while (*name2 == '[');

         if (*name2 != 'L') {

           // Something is terribly wrong.  Shouldn't be here.

           return false;

         }

       }

       // Check that package part is identical

       int length1 = last_slash1 - name1;

       int length2 = last_slash2 - name2;

       return UTF8::equal(name1, length1, name2, length2);

     }

   }

 }