Mercurial > jdk8-mips64-public > hotspot / file revision

 /*

  * Copyright (c) 2003, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

  *

  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

  * published by the Free Software Foundation.

  *

  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that

  * accompanied this code).

  *

  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version

  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,

  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

  *

  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA

  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any

  * questions.

  *

  */

 #include <jni.h>

 #include <unistd.h>

 #include <fcntl.h>

 #include <string.h>

 #include <stdlib.h>

 #include <stddef.h>

 #include "libproc_impl.h"

 #ifdef __APPLE__

 #include "sun_jvm_hotspot_debugger_amd64_AMD64ThreadContext.h"

 #endif

 // This file has the libproc implementation to read core files.

 // For live processes, refer to ps_proc.c. Portions of this is adapted

 // /modelled after Solaris libproc.so (in particular Pcore.c)

 //----------------------------------------------------------------------

 // ps_prochandle cleanup helper functions

 // close all file descriptors

 static void close_files(struct ps_prochandle* ph) {

   lib_info* lib = NULL;

   // close core file descriptor

   if (ph->core->core_fd >= 0)

     close(ph->core->core_fd);

   // close exec file descriptor

   if (ph->core->exec_fd >= 0)

     close(ph->core->exec_fd);

   // close interp file descriptor

   if (ph->core->interp_fd >= 0)

     close(ph->core->interp_fd);

   // close class share archive file

   if (ph->core->classes_jsa_fd >= 0)

     close(ph->core->classes_jsa_fd);

   // close all library file descriptors

   lib = ph->libs;

   while (lib) {

     int fd = lib->fd;

     if (fd >= 0 && fd != ph->core->exec_fd) {

       close(fd);

     }

     lib = lib->next;

   }

 }

 // clean all map_info stuff

 static void destroy_map_info(struct ps_prochandle* ph) {

   map_info* map = ph->core->maps;

   while (map) {

     map_info* next = map->next;

     free(map);

     map = next;

   }

   if (ph->core->map_array) {

     free(ph->core->map_array);

   }

   // Part of the class sharing workaround

   map = ph->core->class_share_maps;

   while (map) {

     map_info* next = map->next;

     free(map);

     map = next;

   }

 }

 // ps_prochandle operations

 static void core_release(struct ps_prochandle* ph) {

   if (ph->core) {

     close_files(ph);

     destroy_map_info(ph);

     free(ph->core);

   }

 }

 static map_info* allocate_init_map(int fd, off_t offset, uintptr_t vaddr, size_t memsz) {

   map_info* map;

   if ( (map = (map_info*) calloc(1, sizeof(map_info))) == NULL) {

     print_debug("can't allocate memory for map_info\n");

     return NULL;

   }

   // initialize map

   map->fd     = fd;

   map->offset = offset;

   map->vaddr  = vaddr;

   map->memsz  = memsz;

   return map;

 }

 // add map info with given fd, offset, vaddr and memsz

 static map_info* add_map_info(struct ps_prochandle* ph, int fd, off_t offset,

                              uintptr_t vaddr, size_t memsz) {

   map_info* map;

   if ((map = allocate_init_map(fd, offset, vaddr, memsz)) == NULL) {

     return NULL;

   }

   // add this to map list

   map->next  = ph->core->maps;

   ph->core->maps   = map;

   ph->core->num_maps++;

   return map;

 }

 // Part of the class sharing workaround

 static map_info* add_class_share_map_info(struct ps_prochandle* ph, off_t offset,

                              uintptr_t vaddr, size_t memsz) {

   map_info* map;

   if ((map = allocate_init_map(ph->core->classes_jsa_fd,

                                offset, vaddr, memsz)) == NULL) {

     return NULL;

   }

   map->next = ph->core->class_share_maps;

   ph->core->class_share_maps = map;

   return map;

 }

 // Return the map_info for the given virtual address.  We keep a sorted

 // array of pointers in ph->map_array, so we can binary search.

 static map_info* core_lookup(struct ps_prochandle *ph, uintptr_t addr) {

   int mid, lo = 0, hi = ph->core->num_maps - 1;

   map_info *mp;

   while (hi - lo > 1) {

     mid = (lo + hi) / 2;

     if (addr >= ph->core->map_array[mid]->vaddr) {

       lo = mid;

     } else {

       hi = mid;

     }

   }

   if (addr < ph->core->map_array[hi]->vaddr) {

     mp = ph->core->map_array[lo];

   } else {

     mp = ph->core->map_array[hi];

   }

   if (addr >= mp->vaddr && addr < mp->vaddr + mp->memsz) {

     return (mp);

   }

   // Part of the class sharing workaround

   // Unfortunately, we have no way of detecting -Xshare state.

   // Check out the share maps atlast, if we don't find anywhere.

   // This is done this way so to avoid reading share pages

   // ahead of other normal maps. For eg. with -Xshare:off we don't

   // want to prefer class sharing data to data from core.

   mp = ph->core->class_share_maps;

   if (mp) {

     print_debug("can't locate map_info at 0x%lx, trying class share maps\n", addr);

   }

   while (mp) {

     if (addr >= mp->vaddr && addr < mp->vaddr + mp->memsz) {

       print_debug("located map_info at 0x%lx from class share maps\n", addr);

       return (mp);

     }

     mp = mp->next;

   }

   print_debug("can't locate map_info at 0x%lx\n", addr);

   return (NULL);

 }

 //---------------------------------------------------------------

 // Part of the class sharing workaround:

 //

 // With class sharing, pages are mapped from classes.jsa file.

 // The read-only class sharing pages are mapped as MAP_SHARED,

 // PROT_READ pages. These pages are not dumped into core dump.

 // With this workaround, these pages are read from classes.jsa.

 // FIXME: !HACK ALERT!

 // The format of sharing achive file header is needed to read shared heap

 // file mappings. For now, I am hard coding portion of FileMapHeader here.

 // Refer to filemap.hpp.

 // FileMapHeader describes the shared space data in the file to be

 // mapped.  This structure gets written to a file.  It is not a class,

 // so that the compilers don't add any compiler-private data to it.

 #define NUM_SHARED_MAPS 4

 // Refer to FileMapInfo::_current_version in filemap.hpp

 #define CURRENT_ARCHIVE_VERSION 1

 struct FileMapHeader {

   int   _magic;              // identify file type.

   int   _version;            // (from enum, above.)

   size_t _alignment;         // how shared archive should be aligned

   struct space_info {

     int    _file_offset;     // sizeof(this) rounded to vm page size

     char*  _base;            // copy-on-write base address

     size_t _capacity;        // for validity checking

     size_t _used;            // for setting space top on read

     // 4991491 NOTICE These are C++ bool's in filemap.hpp and must match up with

     // the C type matching the C++ bool type on any given platform.

     // We assume the corresponding C type is char but licensees

     // may need to adjust the type of these fields.

     char   _read_only;       // read only space?

     char   _allow_exec;      // executable code in space?

   } _space[NUM_SHARED_MAPS];

   // Ignore the rest of the FileMapHeader. We don't need those fields here.

 };

 static bool read_jboolean(struct ps_prochandle* ph, uintptr_t addr, jboolean* pvalue) {

   jboolean i;

   if (ps_pread(ph, (psaddr_t) addr, &i, sizeof(i)) == PS_OK) {

     *pvalue = i;

     return true;

   } else {

     return false;

   }

 }

 static bool read_pointer(struct ps_prochandle* ph, uintptr_t addr, uintptr_t* pvalue) {

   uintptr_t uip;

   if (ps_pread(ph, (psaddr_t) addr, (char *)&uip, sizeof(uip)) == PS_OK) {

     *pvalue = uip;

     return true;

   } else {

     return false;

   }

 }

 // used to read strings from debuggee

 static bool read_string(struct ps_prochandle* ph, uintptr_t addr, char* buf, size_t size) {

   size_t i = 0;

   char  c = ' ';

   while (c != '\0') {

     if (ps_pread(ph, (psaddr_t) addr, &c, sizeof(char)) != PS_OK) {

       return false;

     }

     if (i < size - 1) {

       buf[i] = c;

     } else {

       // smaller buffer

       return false;

     }

     i++; addr++;

   }

   buf[i] = '\0';

   return true;

 }

 #ifdef __APPLE__

 #define USE_SHARED_SPACES_SYM "_UseSharedSpaces"

 // mangled name of Arguments::SharedArchivePath

 #define SHARED_ARCHIVE_PATH_SYM "_ZN9Arguments17SharedArchivePathE"

 #define LIBJVM_NAME "/libjvm.dylib"

 #else

 #define USE_SHARED_SPACES_SYM "UseSharedSpaces"

 // mangled name of Arguments::SharedArchivePath

 #define SHARED_ARCHIVE_PATH_SYM "__ZN9Arguments17SharedArchivePathE"

 #define LIBJVM_NAME "/libjvm.so"

 #endif // __APPLE_

 static bool init_classsharing_workaround(struct ps_prochandle* ph) {

   int m;

   size_t n;

   lib_info* lib = ph->libs;

   while (lib != NULL) {

     // we are iterating over shared objects from the core dump. look for

     // libjvm.so.

     const char *jvm_name = 0;

     if ((jvm_name = strstr(lib->name, LIBJVM_NAME)) != 0) {

       char classes_jsa[PATH_MAX];

       struct FileMapHeader header;

       int fd = -1;

       uintptr_t base = 0, useSharedSpacesAddr = 0;

       uintptr_t sharedArchivePathAddrAddr = 0, sharedArchivePathAddr = 0;

       jboolean useSharedSpaces = 0;

       memset(classes_jsa, 0, sizeof(classes_jsa));

       jvm_name = lib->name;

       useSharedSpacesAddr = lookup_symbol(ph, jvm_name, USE_SHARED_SPACES_SYM);

       if (useSharedSpacesAddr == 0) {

         print_debug("can't lookup 'UseSharedSpaces' flag\n");

         return false;

       }

       // Hotspot vm types are not exported to build this library. So

       // using equivalent type jboolean to read the value of

       // UseSharedSpaces which is same as hotspot type "bool".

       if (read_jboolean(ph, useSharedSpacesAddr, &useSharedSpaces) != true) {

         print_debug("can't read the value of 'UseSharedSpaces' flag\n");

         return false;

       }

       if ((int)useSharedSpaces == 0) {

         print_debug("UseSharedSpaces is false, assuming -Xshare:off!\n");

         return true;

       }

       sharedArchivePathAddrAddr = lookup_symbol(ph, jvm_name, SHARED_ARCHIVE_PATH_SYM);

       if (sharedArchivePathAddrAddr == 0) {

         print_debug("can't lookup shared archive path symbol\n");

         return false;

       }

       if (read_pointer(ph, sharedArchivePathAddrAddr, &sharedArchivePathAddr) != true) {

         print_debug("can't read shared archive path pointer\n");

         return false;

       }

       if (read_string(ph, sharedArchivePathAddr, classes_jsa, sizeof(classes_jsa)) != true) {

         print_debug("can't read shared archive path value\n");

         return false;

       }

       print_debug("looking for %s\n", classes_jsa);

       // open the class sharing archive file

       fd = pathmap_open(classes_jsa);

       if (fd < 0) {

         print_debug("can't open %s!\n", classes_jsa);

         ph->core->classes_jsa_fd = -1;

         return false;

       } else {

         print_debug("opened %s\n", classes_jsa);

       }

       // read FileMapHeader from the file

       memset(&header, 0, sizeof(struct FileMapHeader));

       if ((n = read(fd, &header, sizeof(struct FileMapHeader)))

            != sizeof(struct FileMapHeader)) {

         print_debug("can't read shared archive file map header from %s\n", classes_jsa);

         close(fd);

         return false;

       }

       // check file magic

       if (header._magic != 0xf00baba2) {

         print_debug("%s has bad shared archive file magic number 0x%x, expecing 0xf00baba2\n",

                      classes_jsa, header._magic);

         close(fd);

         return false;

       }

       // check version

       if (header._version != CURRENT_ARCHIVE_VERSION) {

         print_debug("%s has wrong shared archive file version %d, expecting %d\n",

                      classes_jsa, header._version, CURRENT_ARCHIVE_VERSION);

         close(fd);

         return false;

       }

       ph->core->classes_jsa_fd = fd;

       // add read-only maps from classes.jsa to the list of maps

       for (m = 0; m < NUM_SHARED_MAPS; m++) {

         if (header._space[m]._read_only) {

           base = (uintptr_t) header._space[m]._base;

           // no need to worry about the fractional pages at-the-end.

           // possible fractional pages are handled by core_read_data.

           add_class_share_map_info(ph, (off_t) header._space[m]._file_offset,

                                    base, (size_t) header._space[m]._used);

           print_debug("added a share archive map at 0x%lx\n", base);

         }

       }

       return true;

    }

    lib = lib->next;

   }

   return true;

 }

 //---------------------------------------------------------------------------

 // functions to handle map_info

 // Order mappings based on virtual address.  We use this function as the

 // callback for sorting the array of map_info pointers.

 static int core_cmp_mapping(const void *lhsp, const void *rhsp)

 {

   const map_info *lhs = *((const map_info **)lhsp);

   const map_info *rhs = *((const map_info **)rhsp);

   if (lhs->vaddr == rhs->vaddr) {

     return (0);

   }

   return (lhs->vaddr < rhs->vaddr ? -1 : 1);

 }

 // we sort map_info by starting virtual address so that we can do

 // binary search to read from an address.

 static bool sort_map_array(struct ps_prochandle* ph) {

   size_t num_maps = ph->core->num_maps;

   map_info* map = ph->core->maps;

   int i = 0;

   // allocate map_array

   map_info** array;

   if ( (array = (map_info**) malloc(sizeof(map_info*) * num_maps)) == NULL) {

     print_debug("can't allocate memory for map array\n");

     return false;

   }

   // add maps to array

   while (map) {

     array[i] = map;

     i++;

     map = map->next;

   }

   // sort is called twice. If this is second time, clear map array

   if (ph->core->map_array) {

     free(ph->core->map_array);

   }

   ph->core->map_array = array;

   // sort the map_info array by base virtual address.

   qsort(ph->core->map_array, ph->core->num_maps, sizeof (map_info*),

         core_cmp_mapping);

   // print map

   if (is_debug()) {

     int j = 0;

     print_debug("---- sorted virtual address map ----\n");

     for (j = 0; j < ph->core->num_maps; j++) {

       print_debug("base = 0x%lx\tsize = %d\n", ph->core->map_array[j]->vaddr,

                   ph->core->map_array[j]->memsz);

     }

   }

   return true;

 }

 #ifndef MIN

 #define MIN(x, y) (((x) < (y))? (x): (y))

 #endif

 static bool core_read_data(struct ps_prochandle* ph, uintptr_t addr, char *buf, size_t size) {

    ssize_t resid = size;

    int page_size=sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);

    while (resid != 0) {

       map_info *mp = core_lookup(ph, addr);

       uintptr_t mapoff;

       ssize_t len, rem;

       off_t off;

       int fd;

       if (mp == NULL) {

          break;  /* No mapping for this address */

       }

       fd = mp->fd;

       mapoff = addr - mp->vaddr;

       len = MIN(resid, mp->memsz - mapoff);

       off = mp->offset + mapoff;

       if ((len = pread(fd, buf, len, off)) <= 0) {

          break;

       }

       resid -= len;

       addr += len;

       buf = (char *)buf + len;

       // mappings always start at page boundary. But, may end in fractional

       // page. fill zeros for possible fractional page at the end of a mapping.

       rem = mp->memsz % page_size;

       if (rem > 0) {

          rem = page_size - rem;

          len = MIN(resid, rem);

          resid -= len;

          addr += len;

          // we are not assuming 'buf' to be zero initialized.

          memset(buf, 0, len);

          buf += len;

       }

    }

    if (resid) {

       print_debug("core read failed for %d byte(s) @ 0x%lx (%d more bytes)\n",

               size, addr, resid);

       return false;

    } else {

       return true;

    }

 }

 // null implementation for write

 static bool core_write_data(struct ps_prochandle* ph,

                              uintptr_t addr, const char *buf , size_t size) {

    return false;

 }

 static bool core_get_lwp_regs(struct ps_prochandle* ph, lwpid_t lwp_id,

                           struct reg* regs) {

    // for core we have cached the lwp regs after segment parsed

    sa_thread_info* thr = ph->threads;

    while (thr) {

      if (thr->lwp_id == lwp_id) {

        memcpy(regs, &thr->regs, sizeof(struct reg));

        return true;

      }

      thr = thr->next;

    }

    return false;

 }

 static bool core_get_lwp_info(struct ps_prochandle *ph, lwpid_t id, void *info) {

    print_debug("core_get_lwp_info not implemented\n");

    return false;

 }

 static ps_prochandle_ops core_ops = {

    .release=  core_release,

    .p_pread=  core_read_data,

    .p_pwrite= core_write_data,

    .get_lwp_regs= core_get_lwp_regs,

    .get_lwp_info= core_get_lwp_info

 };

 // from this point, mainly two blocks divided by def __APPLE__

 // one for Macosx, the other for regular Bsd

 #ifdef __APPLE__

 void print_thread(sa_thread_info *threadinfo) {

   print_debug("thread added: %d\n", threadinfo->lwp_id);

   print_debug("registers:\n");

   print_debug("  r_r15: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_r15);

   print_debug("  r_r14: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_r14);

   print_debug("  r_r13: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_r13);

   print_debug("  r_r12: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_r12);

   print_debug("  r_r11: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_r11);

   print_debug("  r_r10: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_r10);

   print_debug("  r_r9:  0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_r9);

   print_debug("  r_r8:  0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_r8);

   print_debug("  r_rdi: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_rdi);

   print_debug("  r_rsi: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_rsi);

   print_debug("  r_rbp: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_rbp);

   print_debug("  r_rbx: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_rbx);

   print_debug("  r_rdx: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_rdx);

   print_debug("  r_rcx: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_rcx);

   print_debug("  r_rax: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_rax);

   print_debug("  r_fs:  0x%" PRIx32 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_fs);

   print_debug("  r_gs:  0x%" PRIx32 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_gs);

   print_debug("  r_rip  0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_rip);

   print_debug("  r_cs:  0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_cs);

   print_debug("  r_rsp: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_rsp);

   print_debug("  r_rflags: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", threadinfo->regs.r_rflags);

 }

 // read all segments64 commands from core file

 // read all thread commands from core file

 static bool read_core_segments(struct ps_prochandle* ph) {

   int i = 0;

   int num_threads = 0;

   int fd = ph->core->core_fd;

   off_t offset = 0;

   mach_header_64      fhead;

   load_command        lcmd;

   segment_command_64  segcmd;

   // thread_command      thrcmd;

   lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET);

   if(read(fd, (void *)&fhead, sizeof(mach_header_64)) != sizeof(mach_header_64)) {

      goto err;

   }

   print_debug("total commands: %d\n", fhead.ncmds);

   offset += sizeof(mach_header_64);

   for (i = 0; i < fhead.ncmds; i++) {

     lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET);

     if (read(fd, (void *)&lcmd, sizeof(load_command)) != sizeof(load_command)) {

       goto err;

     }

     offset += lcmd.cmdsize;    // next command position

     if (lcmd.cmd == LC_SEGMENT_64) {

       lseek(fd, -sizeof(load_command), SEEK_CUR);

       if (read(fd, (void *)&segcmd, sizeof(segment_command_64)) != sizeof(segment_command_64)) {

         print_debug("failed to read LC_SEGMENT_64 i = %d!\n", i);

         goto err;

       }

       if (add_map_info(ph, fd, segcmd.fileoff, segcmd.vmaddr, segcmd.vmsize) == NULL) {

         print_debug("Failed to add map_info at i = %d\n", i);

         goto err;

       }

       print_debug("segment added: %" PRIu64 " 0x%" PRIx64 " %d\n",

                    segcmd.fileoff, segcmd.vmaddr, segcmd.vmsize);

     } else if (lcmd.cmd == LC_THREAD || lcmd.cmd == LC_UNIXTHREAD) {

       typedef struct thread_fc {

         uint32_t  flavor;

         uint32_t  count;

       } thread_fc;

       thread_fc fc;

       uint32_t size = sizeof(load_command);

       while (size < lcmd.cmdsize) {

         if (read(fd, (void *)&fc, sizeof(thread_fc)) != sizeof(thread_fc)) {

           printf("Reading flavor, count failed.\n");

           goto err;

         }

         size += sizeof(thread_fc);

         if (fc.flavor == x86_THREAD_STATE) {

           x86_thread_state_t thrstate;

           if (read(fd, (void *)&thrstate, sizeof(x86_thread_state_t)) != sizeof(x86_thread_state_t)) {

             printf("Reading flavor, count failed.\n");

             goto err;

           }

           size += sizeof(x86_thread_state_t);

           // create thread info list, update lwp_id later

           sa_thread_info* newthr = add_thread_info(ph, (pthread_t) -1, (lwpid_t) num_threads++);

           if (newthr == NULL) {

             printf("create thread_info failed\n");

             goto err;

           }

           // note __DARWIN_UNIX03 depengs on other definitions

 #if __DARWIN_UNIX03

 #define get_register_v(regst, regname) \

   regst.uts.ts64.__##regname

 #else

 #define get_register_v(regst, regname) \

   regst.uts.ts64.##regname

 #endif // __DARWIN_UNIX03

           newthr->regs.r_rax = get_register_v(thrstate, rax);

           newthr->regs.r_rbx = get_register_v(thrstate, rbx);

           newthr->regs.r_rcx = get_register_v(thrstate, rcx);

           newthr->regs.r_rdx = get_register_v(thrstate, rdx);

           newthr->regs.r_rdi = get_register_v(thrstate, rdi);

           newthr->regs.r_rsi = get_register_v(thrstate, rsi);

           newthr->regs.r_rbp = get_register_v(thrstate, rbp);

           newthr->regs.r_rsp = get_register_v(thrstate, rsp);

           newthr->regs.r_r8  = get_register_v(thrstate, r8);

           newthr->regs.r_r9  = get_register_v(thrstate, r9);

           newthr->regs.r_r10 = get_register_v(thrstate, r10);

           newthr->regs.r_r11 = get_register_v(thrstate, r11);

           newthr->regs.r_r12 = get_register_v(thrstate, r12);

           newthr->regs.r_r13 = get_register_v(thrstate, r13);

           newthr->regs.r_r14 = get_register_v(thrstate, r14);

           newthr->regs.r_r15 = get_register_v(thrstate, r15);

           newthr->regs.r_rip = get_register_v(thrstate, rip);

           newthr->regs.r_rflags = get_register_v(thrstate, rflags);

           newthr->regs.r_cs  = get_register_v(thrstate, cs);

           newthr->regs.r_fs  = get_register_v(thrstate, fs);

           newthr->regs.r_gs  = get_register_v(thrstate, gs);

           print_thread(newthr);

         } else if (fc.flavor == x86_FLOAT_STATE) {

           x86_float_state_t flstate;

           if (read(fd, (void *)&flstate, sizeof(x86_float_state_t)) != sizeof(x86_float_state_t)) {

             print_debug("Reading flavor, count failed.\n");

             goto err;

           }

           size += sizeof(x86_float_state_t);

         } else if (fc.flavor == x86_EXCEPTION_STATE) {

           x86_exception_state_t excpstate;

           if (read(fd, (void *)&excpstate, sizeof(x86_exception_state_t)) != sizeof(x86_exception_state_t)) {

             printf("Reading flavor, count failed.\n");

             goto err;

           }

           size += sizeof(x86_exception_state_t);

         }

       }

     }

   }

   return true;

 err:

   return false;

 }

 /**local function **/

 bool exists(const char *fname)

 {

   int fd;

   if ((fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY)) > 0) {

     close(fd);

     return true;

   }

   return false;

 }

 // we check: 1. lib

 //           2. lib/server

 //           3. jre/lib

 //           4. jre/lib/server

 // from: 1. exe path

 //       2. JAVA_HOME

 //       3. DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH

 static bool get_real_path(struct ps_prochandle* ph, char *rpath) {

   /** check if they exist in JAVA ***/

   char* execname = ph->core->exec_path;

   char  filepath[4096];

   char* filename = strrchr(rpath, '/');               // like /libjvm.dylib

   if (filename == NULL) {

     return false;

   }

   char* posbin = strstr(execname, "/bin/java");

   if (posbin != NULL) {

     memcpy(filepath, execname, posbin - execname);    // not include trailing '/'

     filepath[posbin - execname] = '\0';

   } else {

     char* java_home = getenv("JAVA_HOME");

     if (java_home != NULL) {

       strcpy(filepath, java_home);

     } else {

       char* dyldpath = getenv("DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH");

       char* dypath = strtok(dyldpath, ":");

       while (dypath != NULL) {

         strcpy(filepath, dypath);

         strcat(filepath, filename);

         if (exists(filepath)) {

            strcpy(rpath, filepath);

            return true;

         }

         dypath = strtok(dyldpath, ":");

       }

       // not found

       return false;

     }

   }

   // for exec and java_home, jdkpath now is filepath

   size_t filepath_base_size = strlen(filepath);

   // first try /lib/ and /lib/server

   strcat(filepath, "/lib");

   strcat(filepath, filename);

   if (exists(filepath)) {

     strcpy(rpath, filepath);

     return true;

   }

   char* pos = strstr(filepath, filename);    // like /libjvm.dylib

   *pos = '\0';

   strcat(filepath, "/server");

   strcat(filepath, filename);

   if (exists(filepath)) {

     strcpy(rpath, filepath);

     return true;

   }

   // then try /jre/lib/ and /jre/lib/server

   filepath[filepath_base_size] = '\0';

   strcat(filepath, "/jre/lib");

   strcat(filepath, filename);

   if (exists(filepath)) {

     strcpy(rpath, filepath);

     return true;

   }

   pos = strstr(filepath, filename);

   *pos = '\0';

   strcat(filepath, "/server");

   strcat(filepath, filename);

   if (exists(filepath)) {

     strcpy(rpath, filepath);

     return true;

   }

   return false;

 }

 static bool read_shared_lib_info(struct ps_prochandle* ph) {

   static int pagesize = 0;

   int fd = ph->core->core_fd;

   int i = 0, j;

   uint32_t  v;

   mach_header_64 header;        // used to check if a file header in segment

   load_command lcmd;

   dylib_command dylibcmd;

   char name[BUF_SIZE];  // use to store name

   if (pagesize == 0) {

     pagesize = getpagesize();

     print_debug("page size is %d\n", pagesize);

   }

   for (j = 0; j < ph->core->num_maps; j++) {

     map_info *iter = ph->core->map_array[j];   // head

     off_t fpos = iter->offset;

     if (iter->fd != fd) {

       // only search core file!

       continue;

     }

     print_debug("map_info %d: vmaddr = 0x%016" PRIx64 "  fileoff = %" PRIu64 "  vmsize = %" PRIu64 "\n",

                            j, iter->vaddr, iter->offset, iter->memsz);

     lseek(fd, fpos, SEEK_SET);

     // we assume .dylib loaded at segment address --- which is true for JVM libraries

     // multiple files may be loaded in one segment.

     // if first word is not a magic word, means this segment does not contain lib file.

     if (read(fd, (void *)&v, sizeof(uint32_t)) == sizeof(uint32_t)) {

       if (v != MH_MAGIC_64) {

         continue;

       }

     } else {

       // may be encountered last map, which is not readable

       continue;

     }

     while (ltell(fd) - iter->offset < iter->memsz) {

       lseek(fd, fpos, SEEK_SET);

       if (read(fd, (void *)&v, sizeof(uint32_t)) != sizeof(uint32_t)) {

         break;

       }

       if (v != MH_MAGIC_64) {

         fpos = (ltell(fd) + pagesize -1)/pagesize * pagesize;

         continue;

       }

       lseek(fd, -sizeof(uint32_t), SEEK_CUR);

       // this is the file begining to core file.

       if (read(fd, (void *)&header, sizeof(mach_header_64)) != sizeof(mach_header_64)) {

         goto err;

       }

       fpos = ltell(fd);

       // found a mach-o file in this segment

       for (i = 0; i < header.ncmds; i++) {

         // read commands in this "file"

         // LC_ID_DYLIB is the file itself for a .dylib

         lseek(fd, fpos, SEEK_SET);

         if (read(fd, (void *)&lcmd, sizeof(load_command)) != sizeof(load_command)) {

           return false;   // error

         }

         fpos += lcmd.cmdsize;  // next command position

         // make sure still within seg size.

         if (fpos  - lcmd.cmdsize - iter->offset > iter->memsz) {

           print_debug("Warning: out of segement limit: %ld \n", fpos  - lcmd.cmdsize - iter->offset);

           break;  // no need to iterate all commands

         }

         if (lcmd.cmd == LC_ID_DYLIB) {

           lseek(fd, -sizeof(load_command), SEEK_CUR);

           if (read(fd, (void *)&dylibcmd, sizeof(dylib_command)) != sizeof(dylib_command)) {

             return false;

           }

           /**** name stored at dylib_command.dylib.name.offset, is a C string  */

           lseek(fd, dylibcmd.dylib.name.offset - sizeof(dylib_command), SEEK_CUR);

           int j = 0;

           while (j < BUF_SIZE) {

             read(fd, (void *)(name + j), sizeof(char));

             if (name[j] == '\0') break;

             j++;

           }

           print_debug("%s\n", name);

           // changed name from @rpath/xxxx.dylib to real path

           if (strrchr(name, '@')) {

             get_real_path(ph, name);

             print_debug("get_real_path returned: %s\n", name);

           }

           add_lib_info(ph, name, iter->vaddr);

           break;

         }

       }

       // done with the file, advanced to next page to search more files

       fpos = (ltell(fd) + pagesize - 1) / pagesize * pagesize;

     }

   }

   return true;

 err:

   return false;

 }

 bool read_macho64_header(int fd, mach_header_64* core_header) {

   bool is_macho = false;

   if (fd < 0) return false;

   off_t pos = ltell(fd);

   lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);

   if (read(fd, (void *)core_header, sizeof(mach_header_64)) != sizeof(mach_header_64)) {

     is_macho = false;

   } else {

     is_macho = (core_header->magic ==  MH_MAGIC_64 || core_header->magic ==  MH_CIGAM_64);

   }

   lseek(fd, pos, SEEK_SET);

   return is_macho;

 }

 // the one and only one exposed stuff from this file

 struct ps_prochandle* Pgrab_core(const char* exec_file, const char* core_file) {

   mach_header_64 core_header;

   mach_header_64 exec_header;

   struct ps_prochandle* ph = (struct ps_prochandle*) calloc(1, sizeof(struct ps_prochandle));

   if (ph == NULL) {

     print_debug("cant allocate ps_prochandle\n");

     return NULL;

   }

   if ((ph->core = (struct core_data*) calloc(1, sizeof(struct core_data))) == NULL) {

     free(ph);

     print_debug("can't allocate ps_prochandle\n");

     return NULL;

   }

   // initialize ph

   ph->ops = &core_ops;

   ph->core->core_fd   = -1;

   ph->core->exec_fd   = -1;

   ph->core->interp_fd = -1;

   print_debug("exec: %s   core: %s", exec_file, core_file);

   strncpy(ph->core->exec_path, exec_file, sizeof(ph->core->exec_path));

   // open the core file

   if ((ph->core->core_fd = open(core_file, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {

     print_error("can't open core file\n");

     goto err;

   }

   // read core file header

   if (read_macho64_header(ph->core->core_fd, &core_header) != true || core_header.filetype != MH_CORE) {

     print_debug("core file is not a valid Mach-O file\n");

     goto err;

   }

   if ((ph->core->exec_fd = open(exec_file, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {

     print_error("can't open executable file\n");

     goto err;

   }

   if (read_macho64_header(ph->core->exec_fd, &exec_header) != true ||

                           exec_header.filetype != MH_EXECUTE) {

     print_error("executable file is not a valid Mach-O file\n");

     goto err;

   }

   // process core file segments

   if (read_core_segments(ph) != true) {

     print_error("failed to read core segments\n");

     goto err;

   }

   // allocate and sort maps into map_array, we need to do this

   // here because read_shared_lib_info needs to read from debuggee

   // address space

   if (sort_map_array(ph) != true) {

     print_error("failed to sort segment map array\n");

     goto err;

   }

   if (read_shared_lib_info(ph) != true) {

     print_error("failed to read libraries\n");

     goto err;

   }

   // sort again because we have added more mappings from shared objects

   if (sort_map_array(ph) != true) {

     print_error("failed to sort segment map array\n");

     goto err;

   }

   if (init_classsharing_workaround(ph) != true) {

     print_error("failed to workaround classshareing\n");

     goto err;

   }

   print_debug("Leave Pgrab_core\n");

   return ph;

 err:

   Prelease(ph);

   return NULL;

 }

 #else // __APPLE__ (none macosx)

 // read regs and create thread from core file

 static bool core_handle_prstatus(struct ps_prochandle* ph, const char* buf, size_t nbytes) {

    // we have to read prstatus_t from buf

    // assert(nbytes == sizeof(prstaus_t), "size mismatch on prstatus_t");

    prstatus_t* prstat = (prstatus_t*) buf;

    sa_thread_info* newthr;

    print_debug("got integer regset for lwp %d\n", prstat->pr_pid);

    // we set pthread_t to -1 for core dump

    if((newthr = add_thread_info(ph, (pthread_t) -1,  prstat->pr_pid)) == NULL)

       return false;

    // copy regs

    memcpy(&newthr->regs, &prstat->pr_reg, sizeof(struct reg));

    if (is_debug()) {

       print_debug("integer regset\n");

 #ifdef i386

       // print the regset

       print_debug("\teax = 0x%x\n", newthr->regs.r_eax);

       print_debug("\tebx = 0x%x\n", newthr->regs.r_ebx);

       print_debug("\tecx = 0x%x\n", newthr->regs.r_ecx);

       print_debug("\tedx = 0x%x\n", newthr->regs.r_edx);

       print_debug("\tesp = 0x%x\n", newthr->regs.r_esp);

       print_debug("\tebp = 0x%x\n", newthr->regs.r_ebp);

       print_debug("\tesi = 0x%x\n", newthr->regs.r_esi);

       print_debug("\tedi = 0x%x\n", newthr->regs.r_edi);

       print_debug("\teip = 0x%x\n", newthr->regs.r_eip);

 #endif

 #if defined(amd64) || defined(x86_64)

       // print the regset

       print_debug("\tr15 = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_r15);

       print_debug("\tr14 = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_r14);

       print_debug("\tr13 = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_r13);

       print_debug("\tr12 = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_r12);

       print_debug("\trbp = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_rbp);

       print_debug("\trbx = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_rbx);

       print_debug("\tr11 = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_r11);

       print_debug("\tr10 = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_r10);

       print_debug("\tr9 = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_r9);

       print_debug("\tr8 = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_r8);

       print_debug("\trax = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_rax);

       print_debug("\trcx = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_rcx);

       print_debug("\trdx = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_rdx);

       print_debug("\trsi = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_rsi);

       print_debug("\trdi = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_rdi);

       //print_debug("\torig_rax = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.orig_rax);

       print_debug("\trip = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_rip);

       print_debug("\tcs = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_cs);

       //print_debug("\teflags = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.eflags);

       print_debug("\trsp = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_rsp);

       print_debug("\tss = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.r_ss);

       //print_debug("\tfs_base = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.fs_base);

       //print_debug("\tgs_base = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.gs_base);

       //print_debug("\tds = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.ds);

       //print_debug("\tes = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.es);

       //print_debug("\tfs = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.fs);

       //print_debug("\tgs = 0x%lx\n", newthr->regs.gs);

 #endif

    }

    return true;

 }

 #define ROUNDUP(x, y)  ((((x)+((y)-1))/(y))*(y))

 // read NT_PRSTATUS entries from core NOTE segment

 static bool core_handle_note(struct ps_prochandle* ph, ELF_PHDR* note_phdr) {

    char* buf = NULL;

    char* p = NULL;

    size_t size = note_phdr->p_filesz;

    // we are interested in just prstatus entries. we will ignore the rest.

    // Advance the seek pointer to the start of the PT_NOTE data

    if (lseek(ph->core->core_fd, note_phdr->p_offset, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1) {

       print_debug("failed to lseek to PT_NOTE data\n");

       return false;

    }

    // Now process the PT_NOTE structures.  Each one is preceded by

    // an Elf{32/64}_Nhdr structure describing its type and size.

    if ( (buf = (char*) malloc(size)) == NULL) {

       print_debug("can't allocate memory for reading core notes\n");

       goto err;

    }

    // read notes into buffer

    if (read(ph->core->core_fd, buf, size) != size) {

       print_debug("failed to read notes, core file must have been truncated\n");

       goto err;

    }

    p = buf;

    while (p < buf + size) {

       ELF_NHDR* notep = (ELF_NHDR*) p;

       char* descdata  = p + sizeof(ELF_NHDR) + ROUNDUP(notep->n_namesz, 4);

       print_debug("Note header with n_type = %d and n_descsz = %u\n",

                                    notep->n_type, notep->n_descsz);

       if (notep->n_type == NT_PRSTATUS) {

         if (core_handle_prstatus(ph, descdata, notep->n_descsz) != true) {

           return false;

         }

       }

       p = descdata + ROUNDUP(notep->n_descsz, 4);

    }

    free(buf);

    return true;

 err:

    if (buf) free(buf);

    return false;

 }

 // read all segments from core file

 static bool read_core_segments(struct ps_prochandle* ph, ELF_EHDR* core_ehdr) {

    int i = 0;

    ELF_PHDR* phbuf = NULL;

    ELF_PHDR* core_php = NULL;

    if ((phbuf =  read_program_header_table(ph->core->core_fd, core_ehdr)) == NULL)

       return false;

    /*

     * Now iterate through the program headers in the core file.

     * We're interested in two types of Phdrs: PT_NOTE (which

     * contains a set of saved /proc structures), and PT_LOAD (which

     * represents a memory mapping from the process's address space).

     *

     * Difference b/w Solaris PT_NOTE and Linux/BSD PT_NOTE:

     *

     *     In Solaris there are two PT_NOTE segments the first PT_NOTE (if present)

     *     contains /proc structs in the pre-2.6 unstructured /proc format. the last

     *     PT_NOTE has data in new /proc format.

     *

     *     In Solaris, there is only one pstatus (process status). pstatus contains

     *     integer register set among other stuff. For each LWP, we have one lwpstatus

     *     entry that has integer regset for that LWP.

     *

     *     Linux threads are actually 'clone'd processes. To support core analysis

     *     of "multithreaded" process, Linux creates more than one pstatus (called

     *     "prstatus") entry in PT_NOTE. Each prstatus entry has integer regset for one

     *     "thread". Please refer to Linux kernel src file 'fs/binfmt_elf.c', in particular

     *     function "elf_core_dump".

     */

     for (core_php = phbuf, i = 0; i < core_ehdr->e_phnum; i++) {

       switch (core_php->p_type) {

          case PT_NOTE:

             if (core_handle_note(ph, core_php) != true) {

               goto err;

             }

             break;

          case PT_LOAD: {

             if (core_php->p_filesz != 0) {

                if (add_map_info(ph, ph->core->core_fd, core_php->p_offset,

                   core_php->p_vaddr, core_php->p_filesz) == NULL) goto err;

             }

             break;

          }

       }

       core_php++;

    }

    free(phbuf);

    return true;

 err:

    free(phbuf);

    return false;

 }

 // read segments of a shared object

 static bool read_lib_segments(struct ps_prochandle* ph, int lib_fd, ELF_EHDR* lib_ehdr, uintptr_t lib_base) {

   int i = 0;

   ELF_PHDR* phbuf;

   ELF_PHDR* lib_php = NULL;

   int page_size=sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);

   if ((phbuf = read_program_header_table(lib_fd, lib_ehdr)) == NULL) {

     return false;

   }

   // we want to process only PT_LOAD segments that are not writable.

   // i.e., text segments. The read/write/exec (data) segments would

   // have been already added from core file segments.

   for (lib_php = phbuf, i = 0; i < lib_ehdr->e_phnum; i++) {

     if ((lib_php->p_type == PT_LOAD) && !(lib_php->p_flags & PF_W) && (lib_php->p_filesz != 0)) {

       uintptr_t target_vaddr = lib_php->p_vaddr + lib_base;

       map_info *existing_map = core_lookup(ph, target_vaddr);

       if (existing_map == NULL){

         if (add_map_info(ph, lib_fd, lib_php->p_offset,

                           target_vaddr, lib_php->p_filesz) == NULL) {

           goto err;

         }

       } else {

         if ((existing_map->memsz != page_size) &&

             (existing_map->fd != lib_fd) &&

             (existing_map->memsz != lib_php->p_filesz)){

           print_debug("address conflict @ 0x%lx (size = %ld, flags = %d\n)",

                         target_vaddr, lib_php->p_filesz, lib_php->p_flags);

           goto err;

         }

         /* replace PT_LOAD segment with library segment */

         print_debug("overwrote with new address mapping (memsz %ld -> %ld)\n",

                      existing_map->memsz, lib_php->p_filesz);

         existing_map->fd = lib_fd;

         existing_map->offset = lib_php->p_offset;

         existing_map->memsz = lib_php->p_filesz;

       }

     }

     lib_php++;

   }

   free(phbuf);

   return true;

 err:

   free(phbuf);

   return false;

 }

 // process segments from interpreter (ld.so or ld-linux.so or ld-elf.so)

 static bool read_interp_segments(struct ps_prochandle* ph) {

    ELF_EHDR interp_ehdr;

    if (read_elf_header(ph->core->interp_fd, &interp_ehdr) != true) {

        print_debug("interpreter is not a valid ELF file\n");

        return false;

    }

    if (read_lib_segments(ph, ph->core->interp_fd, &interp_ehdr, ph->core->ld_base_addr) != true) {

        print_debug("can't read segments of interpreter\n");

        return false;

    }

    return true;

 }

 // process segments of a a.out

 static bool read_exec_segments(struct ps_prochandle* ph, ELF_EHDR* exec_ehdr) {

    int i = 0;

    ELF_PHDR* phbuf = NULL;

    ELF_PHDR* exec_php = NULL;

    if ((phbuf = read_program_header_table(ph->core->exec_fd, exec_ehdr)) == NULL)

       return false;

    for (exec_php = phbuf, i = 0; i < exec_ehdr->e_phnum; i++) {

       switch (exec_php->p_type) {

          // add mappings for PT_LOAD segments

          case PT_LOAD: {

             // add only non-writable segments of non-zero filesz

             if (!(exec_php->p_flags & PF_W) && exec_php->p_filesz != 0) {

                if (add_map_info(ph, ph->core->exec_fd, exec_php->p_offset, exec_php->p_vaddr, exec_php->p_filesz) == NULL) goto err;

             }

             break;

          }

          // read the interpreter and it's segments

          case PT_INTERP: {

             char interp_name[BUF_SIZE];

             pread(ph->core->exec_fd, interp_name, MIN(exec_php->p_filesz, BUF_SIZE), exec_php->p_offset);

             print_debug("ELF interpreter %s\n", interp_name);

             // read interpreter segments as well

             if ((ph->core->interp_fd = pathmap_open(interp_name)) < 0) {

                print_debug("can't open runtime loader\n");

                goto err;

             }

             break;

          }

          // from PT_DYNAMIC we want to read address of first link_map addr

          case PT_DYNAMIC: {

             ph->core->dynamic_addr = exec_php->p_vaddr;

             print_debug("address of _DYNAMIC is 0x%lx\n", ph->core->dynamic_addr);

             break;

          }

       } // switch

       exec_php++;

    } // for

    free(phbuf);

    return true;

 err:

    free(phbuf);

    return false;

 }

 #define FIRST_LINK_MAP_OFFSET offsetof(struct r_debug,  r_map)

 #define LD_BASE_OFFSET        offsetof(struct r_debug,  r_ldbase)

 #define LINK_MAP_ADDR_OFFSET  offsetof(struct link_map, l_addr)

 #define LINK_MAP_NAME_OFFSET  offsetof(struct link_map, l_name)

 #define LINK_MAP_NEXT_OFFSET  offsetof(struct link_map, l_next)

 // read shared library info from runtime linker's data structures.

 // This work is done by librtlb_db in Solaris

 static bool read_shared_lib_info(struct ps_prochandle* ph) {

   uintptr_t addr = ph->core->dynamic_addr;

   uintptr_t debug_base;

   uintptr_t first_link_map_addr;

   uintptr_t ld_base_addr;

   uintptr_t link_map_addr;

   uintptr_t lib_base_diff;

   uintptr_t lib_base;

   uintptr_t lib_name_addr;

   char lib_name[BUF_SIZE];

   ELF_DYN dyn;

   ELF_EHDR elf_ehdr;

   int lib_fd;

   // _DYNAMIC has information of the form

   //         [tag] [data] [tag] [data] .....

   // Both tag and data are pointer sized.

   // We look for dynamic info with DT_DEBUG. This has shared object info.

   // refer to struct r_debug in link.h

   dyn.d_tag = DT_NULL;

   while (dyn.d_tag != DT_DEBUG) {

     if (ps_pread(ph, (psaddr_t) addr, &dyn, sizeof(ELF_DYN)) != PS_OK) {

       print_debug("can't read debug info from _DYNAMIC\n");

       return false;

     }

     addr += sizeof(ELF_DYN);

   }

   // we have got Dyn entry with DT_DEBUG

   debug_base = dyn.d_un.d_ptr;

   // at debug_base we have struct r_debug. This has first link map in r_map field

   if (ps_pread(ph, (psaddr_t) debug_base + FIRST_LINK_MAP_OFFSET,

                  &first_link_map_addr, sizeof(uintptr_t)) != PS_OK) {

     print_debug("can't read first link map address\n");

     return false;

   }

   // read ld_base address from struct r_debug

 #if 0  // There is no r_ldbase member on BSD

   if (ps_pread(ph, (psaddr_t) debug_base + LD_BASE_OFFSET, &ld_base_addr,

                   sizeof(uintptr_t)) != PS_OK) {

     print_debug("can't read ld base address\n");

     return false;

   }

   ph->core->ld_base_addr = ld_base_addr;

 #else

   ph->core->ld_base_addr = 0;

 #endif

   print_debug("interpreter base address is 0x%lx\n", ld_base_addr);

   // now read segments from interp (i.e ld.so or ld-linux.so or ld-elf.so)

   if (read_interp_segments(ph) != true) {

     return false;

   }

   // after adding interpreter (ld.so) mappings sort again

   if (sort_map_array(ph) != true) {

     return false;

   }

   print_debug("first link map is at 0x%lx\n", first_link_map_addr);

   link_map_addr = first_link_map_addr;

   while (link_map_addr != 0) {

     // read library base address of the .so. Note that even though <sys/link.h> calls

     // link_map->l_addr as "base address",  this is * not * really base virtual

     // address of the shared object. This is actually the difference b/w the virtual

     // address mentioned in shared object and the actual virtual base where runtime

     // linker loaded it. We use "base diff" in read_lib_segments call below.

     if (ps_pread(ph, (psaddr_t) link_map_addr + LINK_MAP_ADDR_OFFSET,

                  &lib_base_diff, sizeof(uintptr_t)) != PS_OK) {

       print_debug("can't read shared object base address diff\n");

       return false;

     }

     // read address of the name

     if (ps_pread(ph, (psaddr_t) link_map_addr + LINK_MAP_NAME_OFFSET,

                   &lib_name_addr, sizeof(uintptr_t)) != PS_OK) {

       print_debug("can't read address of shared object name\n");

       return false;

     }

     // read name of the shared object

     if (read_string(ph, (uintptr_t) lib_name_addr, lib_name, sizeof(lib_name)) != true) {

       print_debug("can't read shared object name\n");

       return false;

     }

     if (lib_name[0] != '\0') {

       // ignore empty lib names

       lib_fd = pathmap_open(lib_name);

       if (lib_fd < 0) {

         print_debug("can't open shared object %s\n", lib_name);

         // continue with other libraries...

       } else {

         if (read_elf_header(lib_fd, &elf_ehdr)) {

           lib_base = lib_base_diff + find_base_address(lib_fd, &elf_ehdr);

           print_debug("reading library %s @ 0x%lx [ 0x%lx ]\n",

                        lib_name, lib_base, lib_base_diff);

           // while adding library mappings we need to use "base difference".

           if (! read_lib_segments(ph, lib_fd, &elf_ehdr, lib_base_diff)) {

             print_debug("can't read shared object's segments\n");

             close(lib_fd);

             return false;

           }

           add_lib_info_fd(ph, lib_name, lib_fd, lib_base);

           // Map info is added for the library (lib_name) so

           // we need to re-sort it before calling the p_pdread.

           if (sort_map_array(ph) != true) {

             return false;

           }

         } else {

           print_debug("can't read ELF header for shared object %s\n", lib_name);

           close(lib_fd);

           // continue with other libraries...

         }

       }

     }

     // read next link_map address

     if (ps_pread(ph, (psaddr_t) link_map_addr + LINK_MAP_NEXT_OFFSET,

                   &link_map_addr, sizeof(uintptr_t)) != PS_OK) {

       print_debug("can't read next link in link_map\n");

       return false;

     }

   }

   return true;

 }

 // the one and only one exposed stuff from this file

 struct ps_prochandle* Pgrab_core(const char* exec_file, const char* core_file) {

   ELF_EHDR core_ehdr;

   ELF_EHDR exec_ehdr;

   struct ps_prochandle* ph = (struct ps_prochandle*) calloc(1, sizeof(struct ps_prochandle));

   if (ph == NULL) {

     print_debug("can't allocate ps_prochandle\n");

     return NULL;

   }

   if ((ph->core = (struct core_data*) calloc(1, sizeof(struct core_data))) == NULL) {

     free(ph);

     print_debug("can't allocate ps_prochandle\n");

     return NULL;

   }

   // initialize ph

   ph->ops = &core_ops;

   ph->core->core_fd   = -1;

   ph->core->exec_fd   = -1;

   ph->core->interp_fd = -1;

   print_debug("exec: %s   core: %s", exec_file, core_file);

   // open the core file

   if ((ph->core->core_fd = open(core_file, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {

     print_debug("can't open core file\n");

     goto err;

   }

   // read core file ELF header

   if (read_elf_header(ph->core->core_fd, &core_ehdr) != true || core_ehdr.e_type != ET_CORE) {

     print_debug("core file is not a valid ELF ET_CORE file\n");

     goto err;

   }

   if ((ph->core->exec_fd = open(exec_file, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {

     print_debug("can't open executable file\n");

     goto err;

   }

   if (read_elf_header(ph->core->exec_fd, &exec_ehdr) != true || exec_ehdr.e_type != ET_EXEC) {

     print_debug("executable file is not a valid ELF ET_EXEC file\n");

     goto err;

   }

   // process core file segments

   if (read_core_segments(ph, &core_ehdr) != true) {

     goto err;

   }

   // process exec file segments

   if (read_exec_segments(ph, &exec_ehdr) != true) {

     goto err;

   }

   // exec file is also treated like a shared object for symbol search

   if (add_lib_info_fd(ph, exec_file, ph->core->exec_fd,

                       (uintptr_t)0 + find_base_address(ph->core->exec_fd, &exec_ehdr)) == NULL) {

     goto err;

   }

   // allocate and sort maps into map_array, we need to do this

   // here because read_shared_lib_info needs to read from debuggee

   // address space

   if (sort_map_array(ph) != true) {

     goto err;

   }

   if (read_shared_lib_info(ph) != true) {

     goto err;

   }

   // sort again because we have added more mappings from shared objects

   if (sort_map_array(ph) != true) {

     goto err;

   }

   if (init_classsharing_workaround(ph) != true) {

     goto err;

   }

   print_debug("Leave Pgrab_core\n");

   return ph;

 err:

   Prelease(ph);

   return NULL;

 }

 #endif // __APPLE__