Mercurial > jdk8-mips64-public > hotspot / file revision

 /*

  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

  *

  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

  * published by the Free Software Foundation.

  *

  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that

  * accompanied this code).

  *

  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version

  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,

  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

  *

  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA

  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any

  * questions.

  *

  */

 #include "precompiled.hpp"

 #include "compiler/compileLog.hpp"

 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"

 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"

 #include "runtime/hpi.hpp"

 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"

 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"

 #include "utilities/top.hpp"

 #include "utilities/xmlstream.hpp"

 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_linux

 # include "hpi_linux.hpp"

 # include "os_linux.inline.hpp"

 #endif

 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_solaris

 # include "hpi_solaris.hpp"

 # include "os_solaris.inline.hpp"

 #endif

 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_windows

 # include "hpi_windows.hpp"

 # include "os_windows.inline.hpp"

 #endif

 extern "C" void jio_print(const char* s); // Declarationtion of jvm method

 outputStream::outputStream(int width) {

   _width       = width;

   _position    = 0;

   _newlines    = 0;

   _precount    = 0;

   _indentation = 0;

 }

 outputStream::outputStream(int width, bool has_time_stamps) {

   _width       = width;

   _position    = 0;

   _newlines    = 0;

   _precount    = 0;

   _indentation = 0;

   if (has_time_stamps)  _stamp.update();

 }

 void outputStream::update_position(const char* s, size_t len) {

   for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {

     char ch = s[i];

     if (ch == '\n') {

       _newlines += 1;

       _precount += _position + 1;

       _position = 0;

     } else if (ch == '\t') {

       int tw = 8 - (_position & 7);

       _position += tw;

       _precount -= tw-1;  // invariant:  _precount + _position == total count

     } else {

       _position += 1;

     }

   }

 }

 // Execute a vsprintf, using the given buffer if necessary.

 // Return a pointer to the formatted string.

 const char* outputStream::do_vsnprintf(char* buffer, size_t buflen,

                                        const char* format, va_list ap,

                                        bool add_cr,

                                        size_t& result_len) {

   const char* result;

   if (add_cr)  buflen--;

   if (!strchr(format, '%')) {

     // constant format string

     result = format;

     result_len = strlen(result);

     if (add_cr && result_len >= buflen)  result_len = buflen-1;  // truncate

   } else if (format[0] == '%' && format[1] == 's' && format[2] == '\0') {

     // trivial copy-through format string

     result = va_arg(ap, const char*);

     result_len = strlen(result);

     if (add_cr && result_len >= buflen)  result_len = buflen-1;  // truncate

   } else if (vsnprintf(buffer, buflen, format, ap) >= 0) {

     result = buffer;

     result_len = strlen(result);

   } else {

     DEBUG_ONLY(warning("increase O_BUFLEN in ostream.hpp -- output truncated");)

     result = buffer;

     result_len = buflen - 1;

     buffer[result_len] = 0;

   }

   if (add_cr) {

     if (result != buffer) {

       strncpy(buffer, result, buflen);

       result = buffer;

     }

     buffer[result_len++] = '\n';

     buffer[result_len] = 0;

   }

   return result;

 }

 void outputStream::print(const char* format, ...) {

   char buffer[O_BUFLEN];

   va_list ap;

   va_start(ap, format);

   size_t len;

   const char* str = do_vsnprintf(buffer, O_BUFLEN, format, ap, false, len);

   write(str, len);

   va_end(ap);

 }

 void outputStream::print_cr(const char* format, ...) {

   char buffer[O_BUFLEN];

   va_list ap;

   va_start(ap, format);

   size_t len;

   const char* str = do_vsnprintf(buffer, O_BUFLEN, format, ap, true, len);

   write(str, len);

   va_end(ap);

 }

 void outputStream::vprint(const char *format, va_list argptr) {

   char buffer[O_BUFLEN];

   size_t len;

   const char* str = do_vsnprintf(buffer, O_BUFLEN, format, argptr, false, len);

   write(str, len);

 }

 void outputStream::vprint_cr(const char* format, va_list argptr) {

   char buffer[O_BUFLEN];

   size_t len;

   const char* str = do_vsnprintf(buffer, O_BUFLEN, format, argptr, true, len);

   write(str, len);

 }

 void outputStream::fill_to(int col) {

   int need_fill = col - position();

   sp(need_fill);

 }

 void outputStream::move_to(int col, int slop, int min_space) {

   if (position() >= col + slop)

     cr();

   int need_fill = col - position();

   if (need_fill < min_space)

     need_fill = min_space;

   sp(need_fill);

 }

 void outputStream::put(char ch) {

   assert(ch != 0, "please fix call site");

   char buf[] = { ch, '\0' };

   write(buf, 1);

 }

 #define SP_USE_TABS false

 void outputStream::sp(int count) {

   if (count < 0)  return;

   if (SP_USE_TABS && count >= 8) {

     int target = position() + count;

     while (count >= 8) {

       this->write("\t", 1);

       count -= 8;

     }

     count = target - position();

   }

   while (count > 0) {

     int nw = (count > 8) ? 8 : count;

     this->write("        ", nw);

     count -= nw;

   }

 }

 void outputStream::cr() {

   this->write("\n", 1);

 }

 void outputStream::stamp() {

   if (! _stamp.is_updated()) {

     _stamp.update(); // start at 0 on first call to stamp()

   }

   // outputStream::stamp() may get called by ostream_abort(), use snprintf

   // to avoid allocating large stack buffer in print().

   char buf[40];

   jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.3f", _stamp.seconds());

   print_raw(buf);

 }

 void outputStream::stamp(bool guard,

                          const char* prefix,

                          const char* suffix) {

   if (!guard) {

     return;

   }

   print_raw(prefix);

   stamp();

   print_raw(suffix);

 }

 void outputStream::date_stamp(bool guard,

                               const char* prefix,

                               const char* suffix) {

   if (!guard) {

     return;

   }

   print_raw(prefix);

   static const char error_time[] = "yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.mmm+zzzz";

   static const int buffer_length = 32;

   char buffer[buffer_length];

   const char* iso8601_result = os::iso8601_time(buffer, buffer_length);

   if (iso8601_result != NULL) {

     print_raw(buffer);

   } else {

     print_raw(error_time);

   }

   print_raw(suffix);

   return;

 }

 void outputStream::indent() {

   while (_position < _indentation) sp();

 }

 void outputStream::print_jlong(jlong value) {

   // N.B. Same as INT64_FORMAT

   print(os::jlong_format_specifier(), value);

 }

 void outputStream::print_julong(julong value) {

   // N.B. Same as UINT64_FORMAT

   print(os::julong_format_specifier(), value);

 }

 stringStream::stringStream(size_t initial_size) : outputStream() {

   buffer_length = initial_size;

   buffer        = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, buffer_length);

   buffer_pos    = 0;

   buffer_fixed  = false;

 }

 // useful for output to fixed chunks of memory, such as performance counters

 stringStream::stringStream(char* fixed_buffer, size_t fixed_buffer_size) : outputStream() {

   buffer_length = fixed_buffer_size;

   buffer        = fixed_buffer;

   buffer_pos    = 0;

   buffer_fixed  = true;

 }

 void stringStream::write(const char* s, size_t len) {

   size_t write_len = len;               // number of non-null bytes to write

   size_t end = buffer_pos + len + 1;    // position after write and final '\0'

   if (end > buffer_length) {

     if (buffer_fixed) {

       // if buffer cannot resize, silently truncate

       end = buffer_length;

       write_len = end - buffer_pos - 1; // leave room for the final '\0'

     } else {

       // For small overruns, double the buffer.  For larger ones,

       // increase to the requested size.

       if (end < buffer_length * 2) {

         end = buffer_length * 2;

       }

       char* oldbuf = buffer;

       buffer = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, end);

       strncpy(buffer, oldbuf, buffer_pos);

       buffer_length = end;

     }

   }

   // invariant: buffer is always null-terminated

   guarantee(buffer_pos + write_len + 1 <= buffer_length, "stringStream oob");

   buffer[buffer_pos + write_len] = 0;

   strncpy(buffer + buffer_pos, s, write_len);

   buffer_pos += write_len;

   // Note that the following does not depend on write_len.

   // This means that position and count get updated

   // even when overflow occurs.

   update_position(s, len);

 }

 char* stringStream::as_string() {

   char* copy = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, buffer_pos+1);

   strncpy(copy, buffer, buffer_pos);

   copy[buffer_pos] = 0;  // terminating null

   return copy;

 }

 stringStream::~stringStream() {}

 xmlStream*   xtty;

 outputStream* tty;

 outputStream* gclog_or_tty;

 extern Mutex* tty_lock;

 fileStream::fileStream(const char* file_name) {

   _file = fopen(file_name, "w");

   _need_close = true;

 }

 void fileStream::write(const char* s, size_t len) {

   if (_file != NULL)  {

     // Make an unused local variable to avoid warning from gcc 4.x compiler.

     size_t count = fwrite(s, 1, len, _file);

   }

   update_position(s, len);

 }

 fileStream::~fileStream() {

   if (_file != NULL) {

     if (_need_close) fclose(_file);

     _file = NULL;

   }

 }

 void fileStream::flush() {

   fflush(_file);

 }

 fdStream::fdStream(const char* file_name) {

   _fd = open(file_name, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);

   _need_close = true;

 }

 fdStream::~fdStream() {

   if (_fd != -1) {

     if (_need_close) close(_fd);

     _fd = -1;

   }

 }

 void fdStream::write(const char* s, size_t len) {

   if (_fd != -1) {

     // Make an unused local variable to avoid warning from gcc 4.x compiler.

     size_t count = ::write(_fd, s, (int)len);

   }

   update_position(s, len);

 }

 defaultStream* defaultStream::instance = NULL;

 int defaultStream::_output_fd = 1;

 int defaultStream::_error_fd  = 2;

 FILE* defaultStream::_output_stream = stdout;

 FILE* defaultStream::_error_stream  = stderr;

 #define LOG_MAJOR_VERSION 160

 #define LOG_MINOR_VERSION 1

 void defaultStream::init() {

   _inited = true;

   if (LogVMOutput || LogCompilation) {

     init_log();

   }

 }

 bool defaultStream::has_log_file() {

   // lazily create log file (at startup, LogVMOutput is false even

   // if +LogVMOutput is used, because the flags haven't been parsed yet)

   // For safer printing during fatal error handling, do not init logfile

   // if a VM error has been reported.

   if (!_inited && !is_error_reported())  init();

   return _log_file != NULL;

 }

 static const char* make_log_name(const char* log_name, const char* force_directory) {

   const char* basename = log_name;

   char file_sep = os::file_separator()[0];

   const char* cp;

   for (cp = log_name; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {

     if (*cp == '/' || *cp == file_sep) {

       basename = cp+1;

     }

   }

   const char* nametail = log_name;

   // Compute buffer length

   size_t buffer_length;

   if (force_directory != NULL) {

     buffer_length = strlen(force_directory) + strlen(os::file_separator()) +

                     strlen(basename) + 1;

   } else {

     buffer_length = strlen(log_name) + 1;

   }

   const char* star = strchr(basename, '*');

   int star_pos = (star == NULL) ? -1 : (star - nametail);

   char pid[32];

   if (star_pos >= 0) {

     jio_snprintf(pid, sizeof(pid), "%u", os::current_process_id());

     buffer_length += strlen(pid);

   }

   // Create big enough buffer.

   char *buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buffer_length);

   strcpy(buf, "");

   if (force_directory != NULL) {

     strcat(buf, force_directory);

     strcat(buf, os::file_separator());

     nametail = basename;       // completely skip directory prefix

   }

   if (star_pos >= 0) {

     // convert foo*bar.log to foo123bar.log

     int buf_pos = (int) strlen(buf);

     strncpy(&buf[buf_pos], nametail, star_pos);

     strcpy(&buf[buf_pos + star_pos], pid);

     nametail += star_pos + 1;  // skip prefix and star

   }

   strcat(buf, nametail);      // append rest of name, or all of name

   return buf;

 }

 void defaultStream::init_log() {

   // %%% Need a MutexLocker?

   const char* log_name = LogFile != NULL ? LogFile : "hotspot.log";

   const char* try_name = make_log_name(log_name, NULL);

   fileStream* file = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP) fileStream(try_name);

   if (!file->is_open()) {

     // Try again to open the file.

     char warnbuf[O_BUFLEN*2];

     jio_snprintf(warnbuf, sizeof(warnbuf),

                  "Warning:  Cannot open log file: %s\n", try_name);

     // Note:  This feature is for maintainer use only.  No need for L10N.

     jio_print(warnbuf);

     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, try_name);

     try_name = make_log_name("hs_pid*.log", os::get_temp_directory());

     jio_snprintf(warnbuf, sizeof(warnbuf),

                  "Warning:  Forcing option -XX:LogFile=%s\n", try_name);

     jio_print(warnbuf);

     delete file;

     file = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP) fileStream(try_name);

     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, try_name);

   }

   if (file->is_open()) {

     _log_file = file;

     xmlStream* xs = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP) xmlStream(file);

     _outer_xmlStream = xs;

     if (this == tty)  xtty = xs;

     // Write XML header.

     xs->print_cr("<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>");

     // (For now, don't bother to issue a DTD for this private format.)

     jlong time_ms = os::javaTimeMillis() - tty->time_stamp().milliseconds();

     // %%% Should be: jlong time_ms = os::start_time_milliseconds(), if

     // we ever get round to introduce that method on the os class

     xs->head("hotspot_log version='%d %d'"

              " process='%d' time_ms='"INT64_FORMAT"'",

              LOG_MAJOR_VERSION, LOG_MINOR_VERSION,

              os::current_process_id(), time_ms);

     // Write VM version header immediately.

     xs->head("vm_version");

     xs->head("name"); xs->text("%s", VM_Version::vm_name()); xs->cr();

     xs->tail("name");

     xs->head("release"); xs->text("%s", VM_Version::vm_release()); xs->cr();

     xs->tail("release");

     xs->head("info"); xs->text("%s", VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string()); xs->cr();

     xs->tail("info");

     xs->tail("vm_version");

     // Record information about the command-line invocation.

     xs->head("vm_arguments");  // Cf. Arguments::print_on()

     if (Arguments::num_jvm_flags() > 0) {

       xs->head("flags");

       Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(xs->text());

       xs->tail("flags");

     }

     if (Arguments::num_jvm_args() > 0) {

       xs->head("args");

       Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(xs->text());

       xs->tail("args");

     }

     if (Arguments::java_command() != NULL) {

       xs->head("command"); xs->text()->print_cr("%s", Arguments::java_command());

       xs->tail("command");

     }

     if (Arguments::sun_java_launcher() != NULL) {

       xs->head("launcher"); xs->text()->print_cr("%s", Arguments::sun_java_launcher());

       xs->tail("launcher");

     }

     if (Arguments::system_properties() !=  NULL) {

       xs->head("properties");

       // Print it as a java-style property list.

       // System properties don't generally contain newlines, so don't bother with unparsing.

       for (SystemProperty* p = Arguments::system_properties(); p != NULL; p = p->next()) {

         xs->text()->print_cr("%s=%s", p->key(), p->value());

       }

       xs->tail("properties");

     }

     xs->tail("vm_arguments");

     // tty output per se is grouped under the <tty>...</tty> element.

     xs->head("tty");

     // All further non-markup text gets copied to the tty:

     xs->_text = this;  // requires friend declaration!

   } else {

     delete(file);

     // and leave xtty as NULL

     LogVMOutput = false;

     DisplayVMOutput = true;

     LogCompilation = false;

   }

 }

 // finish_log() is called during normal VM shutdown. finish_log_on_error() is

 // called by ostream_abort() after a fatal error.

 //

 void defaultStream::finish_log() {

   xmlStream* xs = _outer_xmlStream;

   xs->done("tty");

   // Other log forks are appended here, at the End of Time:

   CompileLog::finish_log(xs->out());  // write compile logging, if any, now

   xs->done("hotspot_log");

   xs->flush();

   fileStream* file = _log_file;

   _log_file = NULL;

   delete _outer_xmlStream;

   _outer_xmlStream = NULL;

   file->flush();

   delete file;

 }

 void defaultStream::finish_log_on_error(char *buf, int buflen) {

   xmlStream* xs = _outer_xmlStream;

   if (xs && xs->out()) {

     xs->done_raw("tty");

     // Other log forks are appended here, at the End of Time:

     CompileLog::finish_log_on_error(xs->out(), buf, buflen);  // write compile logging, if any, now

     xs->done_raw("hotspot_log");

     xs->flush();

     fileStream* file = _log_file;

     _log_file = NULL;

     _outer_xmlStream = NULL;

     if (file) {

       file->flush();

       // Can't delete or close the file because delete and fclose aren't

       // async-safe. We are about to die, so leave it to the kernel.

       // delete file;

     }

   }

 }

 intx defaultStream::hold(intx writer_id) {

   bool has_log = has_log_file();  // check before locking

   if (// impossible, but who knows?

       writer_id == NO_WRITER ||

       // bootstrap problem

       tty_lock == NULL ||

       // can't grab a lock or call Thread::current() if TLS isn't initialized

       ThreadLocalStorage::thread() == NULL ||

       // developer hook

       !SerializeVMOutput ||

       // VM already unhealthy

       is_error_reported() ||

       // safepoint == global lock (for VM only)

       (SafepointSynchronize::is_synchronizing() &&

        Thread::current()->is_VM_thread())

       ) {

     // do not attempt to lock unless we know the thread and the VM is healthy

     return NO_WRITER;

   }

   if (_writer == writer_id) {

     // already held, no need to re-grab the lock

     return NO_WRITER;

   }

   tty_lock->lock_without_safepoint_check();

   // got the lock

   if (writer_id != _last_writer) {

     if (has_log) {

       _log_file->bol();

       // output a hint where this output is coming from:

       _log_file->print_cr("<writer thread='"INTX_FORMAT"'/>", writer_id);

     }

     _last_writer = writer_id;

   }

   _writer = writer_id;

   return writer_id;

 }

 void defaultStream::release(intx holder) {

   if (holder == NO_WRITER) {

     // nothing to release:  either a recursive lock, or we scribbled (too bad)

     return;

   }

   if (_writer != holder) {

     return;  // already unlocked, perhaps via break_tty_lock_for_safepoint

   }

   _writer = NO_WRITER;

   tty_lock->unlock();

 }

 // Yuck:  jio_print does not accept char*/len.

 static void call_jio_print(const char* s, size_t len) {

   char buffer[O_BUFLEN+100];

   if (len > sizeof(buffer)-1) {

     warning("increase O_BUFLEN in ostream.cpp -- output truncated");

     len = sizeof(buffer)-1;

   }

   strncpy(buffer, s, len);

   buffer[len] = '\0';

   jio_print(buffer);

 }

 void defaultStream::write(const char* s, size_t len) {

   intx thread_id = os::current_thread_id();

   intx holder = hold(thread_id);

   if (DisplayVMOutput &&

       (_outer_xmlStream == NULL || !_outer_xmlStream->inside_attrs())) {

     // print to output stream. It can be redirected by a vfprintf hook

     if (s[len] == '\0') {

       jio_print(s);

     } else {

       call_jio_print(s, len);

     }

   }

   // print to log file

   if (has_log_file()) {

     int nl0 = _newlines;

     xmlTextStream::write(s, len);

     // flush the log file too, if there were any newlines

     if (nl0 != _newlines){

       flush();

     }

   } else {

     update_position(s, len);

   }

   release(holder);

 }

 intx ttyLocker::hold_tty() {

   if (defaultStream::instance == NULL)  return defaultStream::NO_WRITER;

   intx thread_id = os::current_thread_id();

   return defaultStream::instance->hold(thread_id);

 }

 void ttyLocker::release_tty(intx holder) {

   if (holder == defaultStream::NO_WRITER)  return;

   defaultStream::instance->release(holder);

 }

 void ttyLocker::break_tty_lock_for_safepoint(intx holder) {

   if (defaultStream::instance != NULL &&

       defaultStream::instance->writer() == holder) {

     if (xtty != NULL) {

       xtty->print_cr("<!-- safepoint while printing -->");

     }

     defaultStream::instance->release(holder);

   }

   // (else there was no lock to break)

 }

 void ostream_init() {

   if (defaultStream::instance == NULL) {

     defaultStream::instance = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP) defaultStream();

     tty = defaultStream::instance;

     // We want to ensure that time stamps in GC logs consider time 0

     // the time when the JVM is initialized, not the first time we ask

     // for a time stamp. So, here, we explicitly update the time stamp

     // of tty.

     tty->time_stamp().update_to(1);

   }

 }

 void ostream_init_log() {

   // For -Xloggc:<file> option - called in runtime/thread.cpp

   // Note : this must be called AFTER ostream_init()

   gclog_or_tty = tty; // default to tty

   if (Arguments::gc_log_filename() != NULL) {

     fileStream * gclog = new(ResourceObj::C_HEAP)

                            fileStream(Arguments::gc_log_filename());

     if (gclog->is_open()) {

       // now we update the time stamp of the GC log to be synced up

       // with tty.

       gclog->time_stamp().update_to(tty->time_stamp().ticks());

       gclog_or_tty = gclog;

     }

   }

   // If we haven't lazily initialized the logfile yet, do it now,

   // to avoid the possibility of lazy initialization during a VM

   // crash, which can affect the stability of the fatal error handler.

   defaultStream::instance->has_log_file();

 }

 // ostream_exit() is called during normal VM exit to finish log files, flush

 // output and free resource.

 void ostream_exit() {

   static bool ostream_exit_called = false;

   if (ostream_exit_called)  return;

   ostream_exit_called = true;

   if (gclog_or_tty != tty) {

       delete gclog_or_tty;

   }

   {

       // we temporaly disable PrintMallocFree here

       // as otherwise it'll lead to using of almost deleted

       // tty or defaultStream::instance in logging facility

       // of HeapFree(), see 6391258

       DEBUG_ONLY(FlagSetting fs(PrintMallocFree, false);)

       if (tty != defaultStream::instance) {

           delete tty;

       }

       if (defaultStream::instance != NULL) {

           delete defaultStream::instance;

       }

   }

   tty = NULL;

   xtty = NULL;

   gclog_or_tty = NULL;

   defaultStream::instance = NULL;

 }

 // ostream_abort() is called by os::abort() when VM is about to die.

 void ostream_abort() {

   // Here we can't delete gclog_or_tty and tty, just flush their output

   if (gclog_or_tty) gclog_or_tty->flush();

   if (tty) tty->flush();

   if (defaultStream::instance != NULL) {

     static char buf[4096];

     defaultStream::instance->finish_log_on_error(buf, sizeof(buf));

   }

 }

 staticBufferStream::staticBufferStream(char* buffer, size_t buflen,

                                        outputStream *outer_stream) {

   _buffer = buffer;

   _buflen = buflen;

   _outer_stream = outer_stream;

 }

 void staticBufferStream::write(const char* c, size_t len) {

   _outer_stream->print_raw(c, (int)len);

 }

 void staticBufferStream::flush() {

   _outer_stream->flush();

 }

 void staticBufferStream::print(const char* format, ...) {

   va_list ap;

   va_start(ap, format);

   size_t len;

   const char* str = do_vsnprintf(_buffer, _buflen, format, ap, false, len);

   write(str, len);

   va_end(ap);

 }

 void staticBufferStream::print_cr(const char* format, ...) {

   va_list ap;

   va_start(ap, format);

   size_t len;

   const char* str = do_vsnprintf(_buffer, _buflen, format, ap, true, len);

   write(str, len);

   va_end(ap);

 }

 void staticBufferStream::vprint(const char *format, va_list argptr) {

   size_t len;

   const char* str = do_vsnprintf(_buffer, _buflen, format, argptr, false, len);

   write(str, len);

 }

 void staticBufferStream::vprint_cr(const char* format, va_list argptr) {

   size_t len;

   const char* str = do_vsnprintf(_buffer, _buflen, format, argptr, true, len);

   write(str, len);

 }

 bufferedStream::bufferedStream(size_t initial_size, size_t bufmax) : outputStream() {

   buffer_length = initial_size;

   buffer        = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buffer_length);

   buffer_pos    = 0;

   buffer_fixed  = false;

   buffer_max    = bufmax;

 }

 bufferedStream::bufferedStream(char* fixed_buffer, size_t fixed_buffer_size, size_t bufmax) : outputStream() {

   buffer_length = fixed_buffer_size;

   buffer        = fixed_buffer;

   buffer_pos    = 0;

   buffer_fixed  = true;

   buffer_max    = bufmax;

 }

 void bufferedStream::write(const char* s, size_t len) {

   if(buffer_pos + len > buffer_max) {

     flush();

   }

   size_t end = buffer_pos + len;

   if (end >= buffer_length) {

     if (buffer_fixed) {

       // if buffer cannot resize, silently truncate

       len = buffer_length - buffer_pos - 1;

     } else {

       // For small overruns, double the buffer.  For larger ones,

       // increase to the requested size.

       if (end < buffer_length * 2) {

         end = buffer_length * 2;

       }

       buffer = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buffer, end);

       buffer_length = end;

     }

   }

   memcpy(buffer + buffer_pos, s, len);

   buffer_pos += len;

   update_position(s, len);

 }

 char* bufferedStream::as_string() {

   char* copy = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, buffer_pos+1);

   strncpy(copy, buffer, buffer_pos);

   copy[buffer_pos] = 0;  // terminating null

   return copy;

 }

 bufferedStream::~bufferedStream() {

   if (!buffer_fixed) {

     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buffer);

   }

 }

 #ifndef PRODUCT

 #if defined(SOLARIS) || defined(LINUX)

 #include <sys/types.h>

 #include <sys/socket.h>

 #include <netinet/in.h>

 #include <arpa/inet.h>

 #endif

 // Network access

 networkStream::networkStream() : bufferedStream(1024*10, 1024*10) {

   _socket = -1;

   hpi::initialize_socket_library();

   int result = hpi::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

   if (result <= 0) {

     assert(false, "Socket could not be created!");

   } else {

     _socket = result;

   }

 }

 int networkStream::read(char *buf, size_t len) {

   return hpi::recv(_socket, buf, (int)len, 0);

 }

 void networkStream::flush() {

   if (size() != 0) {

     int result = hpi::raw_send(_socket, (char *)base(), (int)size(), 0);

     assert(result != -1, "connection error");

     assert(result == (int)size(), "didn't send enough data");

   }

   reset();

 }

 networkStream::~networkStream() {

   close();

 }

 void networkStream::close() {

   if (_socket != -1) {

     flush();

     hpi::socket_close(_socket);

     _socket = -1;

   }

 }

 bool networkStream::connect(const char *ip, short port) {

   struct sockaddr_in server;

   server.sin_family = AF_INET;

   server.sin_port = htons(port);

   server.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);

   if (server.sin_addr.s_addr == (uint32_t)-1) {

 #ifdef _WINDOWS

     struct hostent* host = hpi::get_host_by_name((char*)ip);

 #else

     struct hostent* host = gethostbyname(ip);

 #endif

     if (host != NULL) {

       memcpy(&server.sin_addr, host->h_addr_list[0], host->h_length);

     } else {

       return false;

     }

   }

   int result = hpi::connect(_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&server, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));

   return (result >= 0);

 }

 #endif