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 /*

  * Copyright (c) 2001, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

  *

  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

  * published by the Free Software Foundation.

  *

  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that

  * accompanied this code).

  *

  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version

  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,

  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

  *

  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA

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  */

 #include "precompiled.hpp"

 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1BlockOffsetTable.inline.hpp"

 #include "gc_implementation/g1/heapRegion.hpp"

 #include "memory/space.hpp"

 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"

 #include "runtime/java.hpp"

 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"

 PRAGMA_FORMAT_MUTE_WARNINGS_FOR_GCC

 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

 // G1BlockOffsetSharedArray

 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

 G1BlockOffsetSharedArray::G1BlockOffsetSharedArray(MemRegion reserved,

                                                    size_t init_word_size) :

   _reserved(reserved), _end(NULL)

 {

   size_t size = compute_size(reserved.word_size());

   ReservedSpace rs(ReservedSpace::allocation_align_size_up(size));

   if (!rs.is_reserved()) {

     vm_exit_during_initialization("Could not reserve enough space for heap offset array");

   }

   if (!_vs.initialize(rs, 0)) {

     vm_exit_during_initialization("Could not reserve enough space for heap offset array");

   }

   MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_type((address)rs.base(), mtGC);

   _offset_array = (u_char*)_vs.low_boundary();

   resize(init_word_size);

   if (TraceBlockOffsetTable) {

     gclog_or_tty->print_cr("G1BlockOffsetSharedArray::G1BlockOffsetSharedArray: ");

     gclog_or_tty->print_cr("  "

                   "  rs.base(): " INTPTR_FORMAT

                   "  rs.size(): " INTPTR_FORMAT

                   "  rs end(): " INTPTR_FORMAT,

                   rs.base(), rs.size(), rs.base() + rs.size());

     gclog_or_tty->print_cr("  "

                   "  _vs.low_boundary(): " INTPTR_FORMAT

                   "  _vs.high_boundary(): " INTPTR_FORMAT,

                   _vs.low_boundary(),

                   _vs.high_boundary());

   }

 }

 void G1BlockOffsetSharedArray::resize(size_t new_word_size) {

   assert(new_word_size <= _reserved.word_size(), "Resize larger than reserved");

   size_t new_size = compute_size(new_word_size);

   size_t old_size = _vs.committed_size();

   size_t delta;

   char* high = _vs.high();

   _end = _reserved.start() + new_word_size;

   if (new_size > old_size) {

     delta = ReservedSpace::page_align_size_up(new_size - old_size);

     assert(delta > 0, "just checking");

     if (!_vs.expand_by(delta)) {

       // Do better than this for Merlin

       vm_exit_out_of_memory(delta, OOM_MMAP_ERROR, "offset table expansion");

     }

     assert(_vs.high() == high + delta, "invalid expansion");

     // Initialization of the contents is left to the

     // G1BlockOffsetArray that uses it.

   } else {

     delta = ReservedSpace::page_align_size_down(old_size - new_size);

     if (delta == 0) return;

     _vs.shrink_by(delta);

     assert(_vs.high() == high - delta, "invalid expansion");

   }

 }

 bool G1BlockOffsetSharedArray::is_card_boundary(HeapWord* p) const {

   assert(p >= _reserved.start(), "just checking");

   size_t delta = pointer_delta(p, _reserved.start());

   return (delta & right_n_bits(LogN_words)) == (size_t)NoBits;

 }

 void G1BlockOffsetSharedArray::set_offset_array(HeapWord* left, HeapWord* right, u_char offset) {

   check_index(index_for(right - 1), "right address out of range");

   assert(left  < right, "Heap addresses out of order");

   size_t num_cards = pointer_delta(right, left) >> LogN_words;

   if (UseMemSetInBOT) {

     memset(&_offset_array[index_for(left)], offset, num_cards);

   } else {

     size_t i = index_for(left);

     const size_t end = i + num_cards;

     for (; i < end; i++) {

       _offset_array[i] = offset;

     }

   }

 }

 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

 // G1BlockOffsetArray

 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

 G1BlockOffsetArray::G1BlockOffsetArray(G1BlockOffsetSharedArray* array,

                                        MemRegion mr, bool init_to_zero) :

   G1BlockOffsetTable(mr.start(), mr.end()),

   _unallocated_block(_bottom),

   _array(array), _gsp(NULL),

   _init_to_zero(init_to_zero) {

   assert(_bottom <= _end, "arguments out of order");

   if (!_init_to_zero) {

     // initialize cards to point back to mr.start()

     set_remainder_to_point_to_start(mr.start() + N_words, mr.end());

     _array->set_offset_array(0, 0);  // set first card to 0

   }

 }

 void G1BlockOffsetArray::set_space(G1OffsetTableContigSpace* sp) {

   _gsp = sp;

 }

 // The arguments follow the normal convention of denoting

 // a right-open interval: [start, end)

 void

 G1BlockOffsetArray:: set_remainder_to_point_to_start(HeapWord* start, HeapWord* end) {

   if (start >= end) {

     // The start address is equal to the end address (or to

     // the right of the end address) so there are not cards

     // that need to be updated..

     return;

   }

   // Write the backskip value for each region.

   //

   //    offset

   //    card             2nd                       3rd

   //     | +- 1st        |                         |

   //     v v             v                         v

   //    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-

   //    |x|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|1|1|1|1|1|1| ... |1|1|1|1|2|2|2|2|2|2| ...

   //    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-

   //    11              19                        75

   //      12

   //

   //    offset card is the card that points to the start of an object

   //      x - offset value of offset card

   //    1st - start of first logarithmic region

   //      0 corresponds to logarithmic value N_words + 0 and 2**(3 * 0) = 1

   //    2nd - start of second logarithmic region

   //      1 corresponds to logarithmic value N_words + 1 and 2**(3 * 1) = 8

   //    3rd - start of third logarithmic region

   //      2 corresponds to logarithmic value N_words + 2 and 2**(3 * 2) = 64

   //

   //    integer below the block offset entry is an example of

   //    the index of the entry

   //

   //    Given an address,

   //      Find the index for the address

   //      Find the block offset table entry

   //      Convert the entry to a back slide

   //        (e.g., with today's, offset = 0x81 =>

   //          back slip = 2**(3*(0x81 - N_words)) = 2**3) = 8

   //      Move back N (e.g., 8) entries and repeat with the

   //        value of the new entry

   //

   size_t start_card = _array->index_for(start);

   size_t end_card = _array->index_for(end-1);

   assert(start ==_array->address_for_index(start_card), "Precondition");

   assert(end ==_array->address_for_index(end_card)+N_words, "Precondition");

   set_remainder_to_point_to_start_incl(start_card, end_card); // closed interval

 }

 // Unlike the normal convention in this code, the argument here denotes

 // a closed, inclusive interval: [start_card, end_card], cf set_remainder_to_point_to_start()

 // above.

 void

 G1BlockOffsetArray::set_remainder_to_point_to_start_incl(size_t start_card, size_t end_card) {

   if (start_card > end_card) {

     return;

   }

   assert(start_card > _array->index_for(_bottom), "Cannot be first card");

   assert(_array->offset_array(start_card-1) <= N_words,

          "Offset card has an unexpected value");

   size_t start_card_for_region = start_card;

   u_char offset = max_jubyte;

   for (int i = 0; i < BlockOffsetArray::N_powers; i++) {

     // -1 so that the the card with the actual offset is counted.  Another -1

     // so that the reach ends in this region and not at the start

     // of the next.

     size_t reach = start_card - 1 + (BlockOffsetArray::power_to_cards_back(i+1) - 1);

     offset = N_words + i;

     if (reach >= end_card) {

       _array->set_offset_array(start_card_for_region, end_card, offset);

       start_card_for_region = reach + 1;

       break;

     }

     _array->set_offset_array(start_card_for_region, reach, offset);

     start_card_for_region = reach + 1;

   }

   assert(start_card_for_region > end_card, "Sanity check");

   DEBUG_ONLY(check_all_cards(start_card, end_card);)

 }

 // The block [blk_start, blk_end) has been allocated;

 // adjust the block offset table to represent this information;

 // right-open interval: [blk_start, blk_end)

 void

 G1BlockOffsetArray::alloc_block(HeapWord* blk_start, HeapWord* blk_end) {

   mark_block(blk_start, blk_end);

   allocated(blk_start, blk_end);

 }

 // Adjust BOT to show that a previously whole block has been split

 // into two.

 void G1BlockOffsetArray::split_block(HeapWord* blk, size_t blk_size,

                                      size_t left_blk_size) {

   // Verify that the BOT shows [blk, blk + blk_size) to be one block.

   verify_single_block(blk, blk_size);

   // Update the BOT to indicate that [blk + left_blk_size, blk + blk_size)

   // is one single block.

   mark_block(blk + left_blk_size, blk + blk_size);

 }

 // Action_mark - update the BOT for the block [blk_start, blk_end).

 //               Current typical use is for splitting a block.

 // Action_single - update the BOT for an allocation.

 // Action_verify - BOT verification.

 void G1BlockOffsetArray::do_block_internal(HeapWord* blk_start,

                                            HeapWord* blk_end,

                                            Action action) {

   assert(Universe::heap()->is_in_reserved(blk_start),

          "reference must be into the heap");

   assert(Universe::heap()->is_in_reserved(blk_end-1),

          "limit must be within the heap");

   // This is optimized to make the test fast, assuming we only rarely

   // cross boundaries.

   uintptr_t end_ui = (uintptr_t)(blk_end - 1);

   uintptr_t start_ui = (uintptr_t)blk_start;

   // Calculate the last card boundary preceding end of blk

   intptr_t boundary_before_end = (intptr_t)end_ui;

   clear_bits(boundary_before_end, right_n_bits(LogN));

   if (start_ui <= (uintptr_t)boundary_before_end) {

     // blk starts at or crosses a boundary

     // Calculate index of card on which blk begins

     size_t    start_index = _array->index_for(blk_start);

     // Index of card on which blk ends

     size_t    end_index   = _array->index_for(blk_end - 1);

     // Start address of card on which blk begins

     HeapWord* boundary    = _array->address_for_index(start_index);

     assert(boundary <= blk_start, "blk should start at or after boundary");

     if (blk_start != boundary) {

       // blk starts strictly after boundary

       // adjust card boundary and start_index forward to next card

       boundary += N_words;

       start_index++;

     }

     assert(start_index <= end_index, "monotonicity of index_for()");

     assert(boundary <= (HeapWord*)boundary_before_end, "tautology");

     switch (action) {

       case Action_mark: {

         if (init_to_zero()) {

           _array->set_offset_array(start_index, boundary, blk_start);

           break;

         } // Else fall through to the next case

       }

       case Action_single: {

         _array->set_offset_array(start_index, boundary, blk_start);

         // We have finished marking the "offset card". We need to now

         // mark the subsequent cards that this blk spans.

         if (start_index < end_index) {

           HeapWord* rem_st = _array->address_for_index(start_index) + N_words;

           HeapWord* rem_end = _array->address_for_index(end_index) + N_words;

           set_remainder_to_point_to_start(rem_st, rem_end);

         }

         break;

       }

       case Action_check: {

         _array->check_offset_array(start_index, boundary, blk_start);

         // We have finished checking the "offset card". We need to now

         // check the subsequent cards that this blk spans.

         check_all_cards(start_index + 1, end_index);

         break;

       }

       default:

         ShouldNotReachHere();

     }

   }

 }

 // The card-interval [start_card, end_card] is a closed interval; this

 // is an expensive check -- use with care and only under protection of

 // suitable flag.

 void G1BlockOffsetArray::check_all_cards(size_t start_card, size_t end_card) const {

   if (end_card < start_card) {

     return;

   }

   guarantee(_array->offset_array(start_card) == N_words, "Wrong value in second card");

   for (size_t c = start_card + 1; c <= end_card; c++ /* yeah! */) {

     u_char entry = _array->offset_array(c);

     if (c - start_card > BlockOffsetArray::power_to_cards_back(1)) {

       guarantee(entry > N_words,

                 err_msg("Should be in logarithmic region - "

                         "entry: " UINT32_FORMAT ", "

                         "_array->offset_array(c): " UINT32_FORMAT ", "

                         "N_words: " UINT32_FORMAT,

                         entry, _array->offset_array(c), N_words));

     }

     size_t backskip = BlockOffsetArray::entry_to_cards_back(entry);

     size_t landing_card = c - backskip;

     guarantee(landing_card >= (start_card - 1), "Inv");

     if (landing_card >= start_card) {

       guarantee(_array->offset_array(landing_card) <= entry,

                 err_msg("Monotonicity - landing_card offset: " UINT32_FORMAT ", "

                         "entry: " UINT32_FORMAT,

                         _array->offset_array(landing_card), entry));

     } else {

       guarantee(landing_card == start_card - 1, "Tautology");

       // Note that N_words is the maximum offset value

       guarantee(_array->offset_array(landing_card) <= N_words,

                 err_msg("landing card offset: " UINT32_FORMAT ", "

                         "N_words: " UINT32_FORMAT,

                         _array->offset_array(landing_card), N_words));

     }

   }

 }

 // The range [blk_start, blk_end) represents a single contiguous block

 // of storage; modify the block offset table to represent this

 // information; Right-open interval: [blk_start, blk_end)

 // NOTE: this method does _not_ adjust _unallocated_block.

 void

 G1BlockOffsetArray::single_block(HeapWord* blk_start, HeapWord* blk_end) {

   do_block_internal(blk_start, blk_end, Action_single);

 }

 // Mark the BOT such that if [blk_start, blk_end) straddles a card

 // boundary, the card following the first such boundary is marked

 // with the appropriate offset.

 // NOTE: this method does _not_ adjust _unallocated_block or

 // any cards subsequent to the first one.

 void

 G1BlockOffsetArray::mark_block(HeapWord* blk_start, HeapWord* blk_end) {

   do_block_internal(blk_start, blk_end, Action_mark);

 }

 HeapWord* G1BlockOffsetArray::block_start_unsafe(const void* addr) {

   assert(_bottom <= addr && addr < _end,

          "addr must be covered by this Array");

   // Must read this exactly once because it can be modified by parallel

   // allocation.

   HeapWord* ub = _unallocated_block;

   if (BlockOffsetArrayUseUnallocatedBlock && addr >= ub) {

     assert(ub < _end, "tautology (see above)");

     return ub;

   }

   // Otherwise, find the block start using the table.

   HeapWord* q = block_at_or_preceding(addr, false, 0);

   return forward_to_block_containing_addr(q, addr);

 }

 // This duplicates a little code from the above: unavoidable.

 HeapWord*

 G1BlockOffsetArray::block_start_unsafe_const(const void* addr) const {

   assert(_bottom <= addr && addr < _end,

          "addr must be covered by this Array");

   // Must read this exactly once because it can be modified by parallel

   // allocation.

   HeapWord* ub = _unallocated_block;

   if (BlockOffsetArrayUseUnallocatedBlock && addr >= ub) {

     assert(ub < _end, "tautology (see above)");

     return ub;

   }

   // Otherwise, find the block start using the table.

   HeapWord* q = block_at_or_preceding(addr, false, 0);

   HeapWord* n = q + block_size(q);

   return forward_to_block_containing_addr_const(q, n, addr);

 }

 HeapWord*

 G1BlockOffsetArray::forward_to_block_containing_addr_slow(HeapWord* q,

                                                           HeapWord* n,

                                                           const void* addr) {

   // We're not in the normal case.  We need to handle an important subcase

   // here: LAB allocation.  An allocation previously recorded in the

   // offset table was actually a lab allocation, and was divided into

   // several objects subsequently.  Fix this situation as we answer the

   // query, by updating entries as we cross them.

   // If the fist object's end q is at the card boundary. Start refining

   // with the corresponding card (the value of the entry will be basically

   // set to 0). If the object crosses the boundary -- start from the next card.

   size_t n_index = _array->index_for(n);

   size_t next_index = _array->index_for(n) + !_array->is_card_boundary(n);

   // Calculate a consistent next boundary.  If "n" is not at the boundary

   // already, step to the boundary.

   HeapWord* next_boundary = _array->address_for_index(n_index) +

                             (n_index == next_index ? 0 : N_words);

   assert(next_boundary <= _array->_end,

          err_msg("next_boundary is beyond the end of the covered region "

                  " next_boundary " PTR_FORMAT " _array->_end " PTR_FORMAT,

                  next_boundary, _array->_end));

   if (addr >= gsp()->top()) return gsp()->top();

   while (next_boundary < addr) {

     while (n <= next_boundary) {

       q = n;

       oop obj = oop(q);

       if (obj->klass_or_null() == NULL) return q;

       n += block_size(q);

     }

     assert(q <= next_boundary && n > next_boundary, "Consequence of loop");

     // [q, n) is the block that crosses the boundary.

     alloc_block_work2(&next_boundary, &next_index, q, n);

   }

   return forward_to_block_containing_addr_const(q, n, addr);

 }

 HeapWord* G1BlockOffsetArray::block_start_careful(const void* addr) const {

   assert(_array->offset_array(0) == 0, "objects can't cross covered areas");

   assert(_bottom <= addr && addr < _end,

          "addr must be covered by this Array");

   // Must read this exactly once because it can be modified by parallel

   // allocation.

   HeapWord* ub = _unallocated_block;

   if (BlockOffsetArrayUseUnallocatedBlock && addr >= ub) {

     assert(ub < _end, "tautology (see above)");

     return ub;

   }

   // Otherwise, find the block start using the table, but taking

   // care (cf block_start_unsafe() above) not to parse any objects/blocks

   // on the cards themsleves.

   size_t index = _array->index_for(addr);

   assert(_array->address_for_index(index) == addr,

          "arg should be start of card");

   HeapWord* q = (HeapWord*)addr;

   uint offset;

   do {

     offset = _array->offset_array(index--);

     q -= offset;

   } while (offset == N_words);

   assert(q <= addr, "block start should be to left of arg");

   return q;

 }

 // Note that the committed size of the covered space may have changed,

 // so the table size might also wish to change.

 void G1BlockOffsetArray::resize(size_t new_word_size) {

   HeapWord* new_end = _bottom + new_word_size;

   if (_end < new_end && !init_to_zero()) {

     // verify that the old and new boundaries are also card boundaries

     assert(_array->is_card_boundary(_end),

            "_end not a card boundary");

     assert(_array->is_card_boundary(new_end),

            "new _end would not be a card boundary");

     // set all the newly added cards

     _array->set_offset_array(_end, new_end, N_words);

   }

   _end = new_end;  // update _end

 }

 void G1BlockOffsetArray::set_region(MemRegion mr) {

   _bottom = mr.start();

   _end = mr.end();

 }

 //

 //              threshold_

 //              |   _index_

 //              v   v

 //      +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

 //      | i-1   |   i   | i+1   | i+2   | i+3   |

 //      +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

 //       ( ^    ]

 //         block-start

 //

 void G1BlockOffsetArray::alloc_block_work2(HeapWord** threshold_, size_t* index_,

                                            HeapWord* blk_start, HeapWord* blk_end) {

   // For efficiency, do copy-in/copy-out.

   HeapWord* threshold = *threshold_;

   size_t    index = *index_;

   assert(blk_start != NULL && blk_end > blk_start,

          "phantom block");

   assert(blk_end > threshold, "should be past threshold");

   assert(blk_start <= threshold, "blk_start should be at or before threshold");

   assert(pointer_delta(threshold, blk_start) <= N_words,

          "offset should be <= BlockOffsetSharedArray::N");

   assert(Universe::heap()->is_in_reserved(blk_start),

          "reference must be into the heap");

   assert(Universe::heap()->is_in_reserved(blk_end-1),

          "limit must be within the heap");

   assert(threshold == _array->_reserved.start() + index*N_words,

          "index must agree with threshold");

   DEBUG_ONLY(size_t orig_index = index;)

   // Mark the card that holds the offset into the block.  Note

   // that _next_offset_index and _next_offset_threshold are not

   // updated until the end of this method.

   _array->set_offset_array(index, threshold, blk_start);

   // We need to now mark the subsequent cards that this blk spans.

   // Index of card on which blk ends.

   size_t end_index   = _array->index_for(blk_end - 1);

   // Are there more cards left to be updated?

   if (index + 1 <= end_index) {

     HeapWord* rem_st  = _array->address_for_index(index + 1);

     // Calculate rem_end this way because end_index

     // may be the last valid index in the covered region.

     HeapWord* rem_end = _array->address_for_index(end_index) +  N_words;

     set_remainder_to_point_to_start(rem_st, rem_end);

   }

   index = end_index + 1;

   // Calculate threshold_ this way because end_index

   // may be the last valid index in the covered region.

   threshold = _array->address_for_index(end_index) + N_words;

   assert(threshold >= blk_end, "Incorrect offset threshold");

   // index_ and threshold_ updated here.

   *threshold_ = threshold;

   *index_ = index;

 #ifdef ASSERT

   // The offset can be 0 if the block starts on a boundary.  That

   // is checked by an assertion above.

   size_t start_index = _array->index_for(blk_start);

   HeapWord* boundary = _array->address_for_index(start_index);

   assert((_array->offset_array(orig_index) == 0 &&

           blk_start == boundary) ||

           (_array->offset_array(orig_index) > 0 &&

          _array->offset_array(orig_index) <= N_words),

          err_msg("offset array should have been set - "

                   "orig_index offset: " UINT32_FORMAT ", "

                   "blk_start: " PTR_FORMAT ", "

                   "boundary: " PTR_FORMAT,

                   _array->offset_array(orig_index),

                   blk_start, boundary));

   for (size_t j = orig_index + 1; j <= end_index; j++) {

     assert(_array->offset_array(j) > 0 &&

            _array->offset_array(j) <=

              (u_char) (N_words+BlockOffsetArray::N_powers-1),

            err_msg("offset array should have been set - "

                    UINT32_FORMAT " not > 0 OR "

                    UINT32_FORMAT " not <= " UINT32_FORMAT,

                    _array->offset_array(j),

                    _array->offset_array(j),

                    (u_char) (N_words+BlockOffsetArray::N_powers-1)));

   }

 #endif

 }

 bool

 G1BlockOffsetArray::verify_for_object(HeapWord* obj_start,

                                       size_t word_size) const {

   size_t first_card = _array->index_for(obj_start);

   size_t last_card = _array->index_for(obj_start + word_size - 1);

   if (!_array->is_card_boundary(obj_start)) {

     // If the object is not on a card boundary the BOT entry of the

     // first card should point to another object so we should not

     // check that one.

     first_card += 1;

   }

   for (size_t card = first_card; card <= last_card; card += 1) {

     HeapWord* card_addr = _array->address_for_index(card);

     HeapWord* block_start = block_start_const(card_addr);

     if (block_start != obj_start) {

       gclog_or_tty->print_cr("block start: "PTR_FORMAT" is incorrect - "

                              "card index: "SIZE_FORMAT" "

                              "card addr: "PTR_FORMAT" BOT entry: %u "

                              "obj: "PTR_FORMAT" word size: "SIZE_FORMAT" "

                              "cards: ["SIZE_FORMAT","SIZE_FORMAT"]",

                              block_start, card, card_addr,

                              _array->offset_array(card),

                              obj_start, word_size, first_card, last_card);

       return false;

     }

   }

   return true;

 }

 #ifndef PRODUCT

 void

 G1BlockOffsetArray::print_on(outputStream* out) {

   size_t from_index = _array->index_for(_bottom);

   size_t to_index = _array->index_for(_end);

   out->print_cr(">> BOT for area ["PTR_FORMAT","PTR_FORMAT") "

                 "cards ["SIZE_FORMAT","SIZE_FORMAT")",

                 _bottom, _end, from_index, to_index);

   for (size_t i = from_index; i < to_index; ++i) {

     out->print_cr("  entry "SIZE_FORMAT_W(8)" | "PTR_FORMAT" : %3u",

                   i, _array->address_for_index(i),

                   (uint) _array->offset_array(i));

   }

 }

 #endif // !PRODUCT

 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

 // G1BlockOffsetArrayContigSpace

 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

 HeapWord*

 G1BlockOffsetArrayContigSpace::block_start_unsafe(const void* addr) {

   assert(_bottom <= addr && addr < _end,

          "addr must be covered by this Array");

   HeapWord* q = block_at_or_preceding(addr, true, _next_offset_index-1);

   return forward_to_block_containing_addr(q, addr);

 }

 HeapWord*

 G1BlockOffsetArrayContigSpace::

 block_start_unsafe_const(const void* addr) const {

   assert(_bottom <= addr && addr < _end,

          "addr must be covered by this Array");

   HeapWord* q = block_at_or_preceding(addr, true, _next_offset_index-1);

   HeapWord* n = q + block_size(q);

   return forward_to_block_containing_addr_const(q, n, addr);

 }

 G1BlockOffsetArrayContigSpace::

 G1BlockOffsetArrayContigSpace(G1BlockOffsetSharedArray* array,

                               MemRegion mr) :

   G1BlockOffsetArray(array, mr, true)

 {

   _next_offset_threshold = NULL;

   _next_offset_index = 0;

 }

 HeapWord* G1BlockOffsetArrayContigSpace::initialize_threshold() {

   assert(!Universe::heap()->is_in_reserved(_array->_offset_array),

          "just checking");

   _next_offset_index = _array->index_for(_bottom);

   _next_offset_index++;

   _next_offset_threshold =

     _array->address_for_index(_next_offset_index);

   return _next_offset_threshold;

 }

 void G1BlockOffsetArrayContigSpace::zero_bottom_entry() {

   assert(!Universe::heap()->is_in_reserved(_array->_offset_array),

          "just checking");

   size_t bottom_index = _array->index_for(_bottom);

   assert(_array->address_for_index(bottom_index) == _bottom,

          "Precondition of call");

   _array->set_offset_array(bottom_index, 0);

 }

 void

 G1BlockOffsetArrayContigSpace::set_for_starts_humongous(HeapWord* new_top) {

   assert(new_top <= _end, "_end should have already been updated");

   // The first BOT entry should have offset 0.

   zero_bottom_entry();

   initialize_threshold();

   alloc_block(_bottom, new_top);

  }

 #ifndef PRODUCT

 void

 G1BlockOffsetArrayContigSpace::print_on(outputStream* out) {

   G1BlockOffsetArray::print_on(out);

   out->print_cr("  next offset threshold: "PTR_FORMAT, _next_offset_threshold);

   out->print_cr("  next offset index:     "SIZE_FORMAT, _next_offset_index);

 }

 #endif // !PRODUCT